Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2025
Sammendrag
Chocolate spot (CS), caused by Botrytis fabae, is one of the most destructive fungaldiseases affecting faba bean (Vicia faba L.) globally. This study evaluated 33 fababean cultivars across two locations and over 2 years to assess genetic resistance andthe effect of fungicide application on CS progression. The utility of unmanned aerialvehicle–mounted multispectral camera for disease monitoring was examined. Signif-icant variability was observed in cultivar susceptibility, with Bolivia exhibiting thehighest level of resistance and Louhi, Sampo, Vire, Merlin, Mistral, and GL Sunriseproving highly susceptible. Fungicide application significantly reduced CS severityand improved yield. Analysis of canopy spectral signatures revealed the near-infraredand red edge bands, along with enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and soil adjustedvegetation index, as most sensitive to CS infection, and they had a strong negativecorrelation with CS severity ranging from −0.51 to −0.71. In addition, EVI enabledearly disease detection in the field. Support vector machine accurately classified CSseverity into four classes (resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible, andsusceptible) based on spectral data with higher accuracy after the onset of diseasecompared to later in the season (accuracy 0.75–0.90). This research underscores thevalue of integrating resistant germplasm, sound agronomic practices, and spectralmonitoring for effectively identification and managing CS disease in faba bean
Sammendrag
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2024
Forfattere
Helga Iselin Wåseth Jamal Safi Tore Krok Nielsen Ulrike Bayr Nina Johansen Erling Fjeldaas Terje ChristensenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Veronica Quynh Thi PhanSammendrag
Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) is a beneficial conifer species in Europe, especially in forestry. The increasing demand of Norway spruce has led to high production of seedlings in growth facilities. Growth conditions in these facilities contribute to fungal outbreaks, and the continuous use of fungicides to combat fungal infections will eventually develop resistance in the fungi. Applying chemical compounds directly to the seeds to prime inducible defences may be a simpler and safer method to protect the seedlings. In this study, seeds were treated with the chemicals methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and chitosan (Chi) to determine if seed priming is possible in Norway spruce. Furthermore, seeds were also treated with JAR, and a combination of JAR and MeJA or Chi, to investigate the hormone signalling pathways involved in MeJA and Chi induced defence responses. To establish the effects of these chemicals, the germination percentage and phenotypes of 4-week-old seedlings were evaluated. Additionally, 4-week-old seedlings were challenged with mechanical wounding and MeJA to determine if the seed treatments had an influence on defence responses. Gene expression levels of seven defence-related genes (CHI4, CHI2, NRPE1, ROS1, JAR1, LAR3, LOX) were quantified at two time points after challenge. In addition, chitinase enzyme activity was measured. The findings of this study indicates that the chemicals MeJA and Chi can possibly penetrate the seed coats of Norway spruce, making seed priming possible. However, this study did not include all defence responses and most genes did not reveal any priming effect, thus it was difficult to determine the signalling pathways involved in defence responses. Overall, the ontogeny of Norway spruce may play a major role in the activation of various defence mechanisms.
Forfattere
Volkmar TimmermannSammendrag
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Sammendrag
Fewer spruce trees and softer clearcut edges can prevent and mitigate future bark beetle outbreaks.
Sammendrag
Færre grantrær og mindre hogstkanter kan forebygge og dempe fremtidige barkbilleutbrudd.
Forfattere
Annette Folkedal SchjøllSammendrag
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Forfattere
Özgün Candan Onarman Umu Arne Stensvand Inger-Lise Akselsen Stanislav Strbac Aksel DøvingSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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