Hanne Skomedal
Avdelingsleder/forskningssjef
Biografi
Forskningsfelt og -interesser
Mikroalger
- Mikroalger til mat og for
- Høyverdiprodukter fra mikroalger
- Bioprospektering
Plantehelse
- Diagnostikk og planteskadegjørere
Sammendrag
In addition to the rapidly expanding field of using microalgae for food and feed, microalgae represent a tremendous potential for new bioactive compounds with health-promoting effects. One field where new therapeutics is needed is cancer therapy. As cancer therapy often cause severe side effects and loose effect due to development of drug resistance, new therapeutic agents are needed. Treating cancer by modulating the immune response using peptides has led to unprecedented responses in patients. In this review, we want to elucidate the potential for microalgae as a source of new peptides for possible use in cancer management. Among the limited studies on anti-cancer effects of peptides, positive results were found in a total of six different forms of cancer. The majority of studies have been performed with different strains of Chlorella, but effects have also been found using peptides from other species. This is also the case for peptides with immunomodulating effects and peptides with other health-promoting effects (e.g., role in cardiovascular diseases). However, the active peptide sequence has been determined in only half of the studies. In many cases, the microalga strain and the cultivation conditions used for producing the algae have not been reported. The low number of species that have been explored, as opposed to the large number of species available, is a clear indication that the potential for new discoveries is large. Additionally, the availability and cost-effectiveness of microalgae make them attractive in the search for bioactive peptides to prevent cancer.
Forfattere
Yagut Allahverdiyeva Eva-Mari Aro Bert van Bavel Carlos Escudero-Oñate Christiane Funk Jarna Heinonen Lars Herfindal Peter Lindblad Sari Makinen Merja Penttilä Kaarina Sivonen Matilde Skogen Chauton Hanne Skomedal Jorunn SkjermoSammendrag
NordAqua is a multidisciplinary Nordic Center of Excellence funded by NordForsk Bioeconomy program (2017–2022). The research center promotes Blue Bioeconomy and endeavours to reform the use of natural resources in a environmentally sustainable way. In this short communication, we summarize particular outcomes of the consortium. The key research progress of NordAqua includes (1) improving of photosynthetisis, (2) developing novel photosynthetic cell factories that function in a “solar-driven direct CO2 capture to target bioproducts” mode, (3) promoting the diversity of Nordic cyanobacteria and algae as an abundant and resilient alternative for less sustainable forest biomass and for innovative production of biochemicals, and (4) improving the bio-based wastewater purification and nutrient recycling technologies to provide new tools for integrative circular economy platforms.
Forfattere
Juliana Perminow Inger-Lise Akselsen May Bente Brurberg Vilde Wiig Hanssen Hanne SkomedalSammendrag
Lys ringråte på potet, forårsaket av bakterien Clavibacter sepedonicus (Cs), har gjort mye skade i norsk potetproduksjon siden første påvisning i landet i 1964. Den er også grunnen til at man ikke kan eksportere poteter fra Norge. Siden 1965 har Norge hatt sitt eget, nasjonale regelverk for bekjempelse av bakterien. Man har tidligere ( før 1980) flere ganger uten hell forsøkt å utrydde sykdommen fra flere deler av landet. Dette fordi mangelen på en påvisningsmetode med tilstrekkelig sensitivitet den gangen gjorde det vanskelig å skaffe de nødvendige mengder sykdomsfrie settepoteter til utskiftingen...
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Kari Skjånes Hanne Skomedal Giorgia Carnovale Volha Shapaval Achim Kohler Stig A. BorgvangSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Hong Yang Lisa Paruch Xunji Chen Andre van Eerde Hanne Skomedal Yanliang Wang Di Liu Jihong Liu ClarkeSammendrag
To meet increasing demand for animal protein, swine have been raised in large Chinese farms widely, using antibiotics as growth promoter. However, improper use of antibiotics has caused serious environmental and health risks, in particular Antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This paper reviews the consumption of antibiotics in swine production as well as AMR and the development of novel antibiotics or alternatives in China. The estimated application of antibiotics in animal production in China accounted for about 84240 tons in 2013. Overuse and abuse of antibiotics pose a great health risk to people through food-borne antibiotic residues and selection for antibiotic resistance. China unveiled a national plan to tackle antibiotic resistance in August 2016, but more support is needed for the development of new antibiotics or alternatives like plant extracts. Antibiotic resistance has been a major global challenge, so international collaboration between China and Europe is needed.
Forfattere
Maria Hayes Leen Bastiaens Luisa Gouveia Spyros Gkelis Hanne Skomedal Kari Skjånes Patrick Murray Marco García-Vaquero Muge Isleten Hosoglu John Dodd Despoina Konstantinou Ivo Safarik Graziella Chini Zittelli Vytas Rimkus Victόria del Pino Koenraad Muylaert Christine Edwards Morten Laake Joana Gabriela Laranjeira da Silva Hugo Pereira Joana AbelhoSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Mihaela-Olivia Dobrica Catalin Lazar Lisa Paruch Hanne Skomedal Hege Særvold Steen Sissel Haugslien Catalin Tucureanu Iuliana Caras Adrian Onu Sonya Ciulean Alexandru Branzan Jihong Liu Clarke Crina Stavaru Norica Branza-NichitaSammendrag
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection leads to severe liver pathogenesis associated with significant morbidity and mortality. As no curable medication is yet available, vaccination remains the most costeffective approach to limit HBV spreading and control the infection. Although safe and efficient, the standard vaccine based on production of the small (S) envelope protein in yeast fails to elicit an effective immune response in about 10% of vaccinated individuals, which are at risk of infection. One strategy to address this issue is the development of more immunogenic antigens. Here we describe a novel HBV antigen obtained by combining relevant immunogenic determinants of S and large (L) envelope proteins. Our approach was based on the insertion of residues 21-47 of the preS1 domain of the L protein (nomenclature according to genotype D), involved in virus attachment to hepatocytes, within the external antigenic loop of S. The resulting S/preS121-47 chimera was successfully produced in HEK293T and Nicotiana benthamiana plants, as a more economical recombinant protein production platform. Comparative biochemical, functional and electron microscopy analysis indicated assembly of the novel antigen into subviral particles in mammalian and plant cells. Importantly, these particles preserve both S- and preS1-specific epitopes and elicit significantly stronger humoral and cellular immune responses than the S protein, in both expression systems used. Our data promote this antigen as a promising vaccine candidate to overcome poor responsiveness to the conventional, S protein-based, HBV vaccine.
Forfattere
M. Hayes Hanne Skomedal Kari Skjånes H. Mazur-Marzec A. Torunska-Sitarz M. Catala M. Isleten Hosoglu M. García-VaqueroSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Jihong Liu Clarke Johanna Gottschamel Hege Særvold Steen Sissel Haugslien Hanne Skomedal Andreas G. Lössl Stephanie Ruf Ralph BockSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Divisjon for bioteknologi og plantehelse
Managing free-living plant parasitic nematodes in potato, vegetables, strawberry and cereals using Patch dynamics in Norway
Plant-parasitic nematodes are microscopic roundworms and many species feed on plant roots, thereby disrupting water and nutrient uptake and affecting plant yield. Global annual losses to crop production are estimated to be in excess of $80 billion. Since the middle of the last centuary control of plant-parasitic nematodes has relied upon synthetically pr|oduced nematicides most of which have very broad toxicological properties and are hazardous to humans, domestic animals, fish and the environment in general.
Divisjon for matproduksjon og samfunn
Risikohåndtering ved import av planter og frø: bedre metoder for å hindre introduksjon og spredning av fremmede sykdomsorganismer
Hvert år dukker det opp nye fremmede sykdommer og skadedyr i Norske hager og landbruk. Slike nye skadegjørere kan true både vår matsikkerhet og naturen. Hvor godt fungerer egentlig dagens kontrolll av planteskadegjørere som blindpasasjerer ved import av planter og frø? Går det an å lage kontrollsystemer som fungerer bedre?
Divisjon for matproduksjon og samfunn
Risk management of imported plants and seeds: possibilities for improved pest detection to prevent the introduction and spread of new pests
Plant pathogens and invertebrates harmful to plants continue to threatenfood security and natural habitats. In Norway, the responsibility of performingplant health inspections on imported plants has gradually shifted to importersof plants who are currently responsible for internal pest control and mustbe registered with the Norwegian Food Safety Authority.
SmartVac - Next Generation Viral Hepatitis B and C vaccine development in plantsand algae using advanced biotechnological tools
Hepatitis B (HBV) and C viruses (HCV) infect the human liver, triggering persistent inflammation and eventually cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Currently, more than 500 million people are chronically infected with HBV or HCV and at high risk of developing end stage liver disease and HCC.