Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2026
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Zahra BitarafanSammendrag
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Tatsiana EspevigSammendrag
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Trygve S. AamlidSammendrag
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Forfattere
Terje Christensen Are Røysamb Ulrike Bayr Dieu Tien Bui Guðrún Helgadóttir Nina Johansen Joern Klein Mieke Cornelia Louwe Randi Mork Kyungbinn Noh Stefanie Reinhardt Trude Eid Robsahm Kristin Helen Roll Øyvind Steifetten Per Strömberg Gry Tengmark Østenstad Veronika ZaikinaSammendrag
Abstract Energy-efficient lighting solutions, while beneficial for reducing energy consumption, also pose challenges in terms of light pollution. Light pollution, defined as excessive or misdirected artificial light, has become a significant environmental issue globally. This perspective paper explores the extent, effects, and knowledge gaps related to light pollution, with a focus on its impact on human health, ecosystems, and energy consumption. This study focuses on Norway, a country that is particularly relevant for studying light pollution due to its far northern location. At high latitudes, the variation in natural light is larger over the year than at lower latitudes. Therefore, a Nordic perspective is valuable to present knowledge about effects of artificial lighting under these conditions. Under the midnight sun, minimal additional outdoor lighting is required, whereas during the winter season, outdoor lighting may be utilised continuously. The paper synthesizes findings from various studies, highlighting the rapid increase in light pollution due to urbanisation, infrastructure development, and the widespread adoption of LED technology. Human health effects include alterations of circadian rhythms, increased risk of accidents, and potential links to serious diseases such as cancer. Ecosystem impacts are profound, affecting a number of species i.e., within insects and bats, and may lead to for instance disturbances in navigation and circadian rhythms, habitat fragmentation, and altered predator–prey dynamics. This article identifies significant knowledge gaps, particularly in the measurement of light pollution, understanding its health effects, and its impact on various species. Recommendations for future research and policy development are provided, emphasising the need for interdisciplinary approaches to mitigate the adverse effects of light pollution and promote sustainable lighting practices.
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James O’Malley John A. Finn Carsten S. Malisch Matthias Suter Sebastian T. Meyer Giovanni Peratoner Marie-Noëlle Thivierge Diego Abalos Paul R. Adler T. Martijn Bezemer Alistair D. Black Åshild Ergon Barbara Golińska Guylain Grange Josef Hakl Nyncke J. Hoekstra Olivier Huguenin-Elie Jingying Jing Jacob M. Jungers Julie Lajeunesse Ralf Loges Gaëtan Louarn Andreas Lüscher Thomas Moloney Christopher K. Reynolds Ievina Sturite Ali Sultan Khan Rishabh Vishwakarma Yingjun Zhang Feng Zhu Caroline BrophySammendrag
High-yielding forage grasslands frequently contain low species diversity and receive high inputs of nitrogen fertilizer. To investigate multispecies mixtures as an alternative strategy, the 26-site international LegacyNet experiment systematically varied the diversity of sown grasslands using up to six high-yielding forage species (grasses, legumes, and herbs) managed under moderate nitrogen inputs. Multispecies mixtures outyielded two widely used grassland practices: a grass monoculture with higher nitrogen fertilizer and a two-species grass-legume community. High yields in multispecies mixtures were driven by strong positive grass-legume and legume-herb interactions. In warmer sites, the yield advantage of legume-containing multispecies mixtures over grass monocultures with higher nitrogen fertilizer inputs increased. Improved design of grassland mixtures can inform more environmentally sustainable forage production and may enhance adaptation of productive grasslands to a warming climate.
Forfattere
Palingamoorthy Gnanamoorthy Junbin Zhao Yajun Chen Linjie Jiao Boonsiri Sawasdchai Zhang Jing Abhishek Chakraborty Pramit Kumar Deb Burman Sung‐Ching Lee Thomas A. M. Pugh Yiping Zhang Qinghai SongSammendrag
ABSTRACT Increasing drought frequency and intensity affect biophysical functions of natural ecosystems. In tropical semi‐arid savannas, while immediate drought effects are well‐studied, the drought legacy effects on vegetation composition and associated ecosystem functions remain unclear. We used data of vegetation composition, net ecosystem CO 2 exchange, surface albedo and evapotranspiration (ET) in 2017–2022 from a savanna ecosystem, Southwest China, to investigate the legacy effect of an extreme drought event that occurred in 2019. Vegetation declined continuously for 3 post‐drought years. While tree numbers declined by 12%, shrub numbers dropped by 50% compared with pre‐drought levels, shifting vegetation dominance toward trees. This structural change caused sustained reductions in albedo and ET, which remained below pre‐drought levels, despite gross primary production recovering in the years immediately post‐drought. Vegetation shifts disproportionately impact ecosystem functions, with energy and water fluxes exhibiting greater vulnerability and potentially enhancing regional warming as droughts increase in Asian savannas.
Forfattere
Caio Nunes Gonçalves Felipe José Cury Fracetto William Ramos da Silva Thiago Inagaki Renato Lemos dos Santos Giselle Gomes Monteiro Fracetto Ademir de Oliveira FerreiraSammendrag
Sewage sludge-derived biochar, a carbon-rich material produced by the pyrolysis of sewage sludge, has emerged as a promising amendment for enhancing the fertility and biological quality of nutrient-poor sandy soils in tropical regions. We investigated the effects of sewage sludge (SS) and its biochar (SSB) on microbial indicators, nutrient dynamics, and sugarcane biomass growth in sandy soil over 120 days. Treatments included individual applications of SS (40 Mg ha−1) and SSB (20 Mg ha−1), their combinations at 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75 SS:SSB ratios, a mineral fertilizer, and an unfertilized control. Microbial biomass carbon (Cmic), basal C-CO2 flux, metabolic (qCO2) and microbial (qMic) quotients were monitored, along with ammonium and nitrate levels, available phosphorus (P), and carbon stock. SS promoted a rapid rise in microbial activity and Cmic, whereas SSB sustained these effects over time, demonstrating complementary roles. The 75:25 combination exhibited the strongest synergistic response, enhancing microbial efficiency (higher qMic and lower qCO2), P availability, and carbon storage. Ammonium and nitrate peaked during early and mid-stages, respectively, with the highest values under SS. At the same time, P availability and soil carbon stocks were maximized under 75:25. Sugarcane biomass increased significantly in this treatment, despite foliar N and P concentrations remaining below sufficiency levels. These results highlight clear synergistic interactions between SS and SSB, emphasizing that the 75:25 combination offers a balanced strategy to improve nutrient cycling, microbial functionality, and carbon stabilization in tropical sandy soils.
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Cover crops enhance soil quality and organic matter stability, yet the mechanisms linking belowground inputs to persistent soil organic matter (SOM) remain unclear. This study examined the effects of diversified cover cropping in barley systems on root biomass, SOM fractions, soil structure, microbial activity, and yield in central Norway (63.9° N), three years post-implementation. Six treatments were tested: (1) Control (barley without NPK), (2) Biochar-Fertilizer (barley + NPK + 3 Mg ha⁻¹ biochar), (3) Monocrop (barley), (4) Ryegrass (barley + ryegrass), (5) Clover (barley + ryegrass + white/red clover), and (6) Chicory (barley + ryegrass + red clover + chicory + bird’s-foot trefoil). Ryegrass and Clover systems produced 28.65 g m-² more root biomass at 0–13 cm (p < 0.05) and, along with Monocrop, stored 2.2 Mg ha-¹ more mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) carbon and 0.2 Mg ha-¹ more MAOM nitrogen at 0–20 cm than other treatments. The Chicory system improved soil structure and biology, with higher aggregate stability, lower bulk density, and greater microbial abundance. Barley yields remained consistent across treatments, suggesting that cover cropping and low biochar inputs do not reduce productivity. Strong correlations (p < 0.01) between root biomass and MAOM stocks highlight root development as a key driver of SOM stabilization via organo-mineral associations. These findings underscore the role of root-enhancing cover crops in promoting MAOM formation and long-term SOM persistence, offering valuable insights for sustainable soil management.
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