Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2026
Forfattere
Narta ElshaniSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Darius KviklysSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Limited information is available on cranberry crop load management. Earlier research has primarily examined flower thinning in cranberry, while the impact of fruit thinning has not yet been investigated. This study evaluated the effects of fruit thinning during early fruit development on fruit quality, return bloom, and chlorophyll fluorescence in two cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) cultivars, “Pilgrim” and “Stevens.” Treatments included: (0F) removing all fruits on the upright, (1F) removing all but the lowermost fruit, (2F) removing all but the two lowermost fruits, and (C) no fruit removal (control). The majority of the non-treated uprights produced two fruits in “Pilgrim” and three fruits in “Stevens.” In “Pilgrim,” 1F resulted in heavier fruit with higher anthocyanin concentration but lower concentrations of total soluble solids (TSS) and titratable acidity (TA). In “Stevens” 1F and 2F resulted in heavier fruit but had little effect on TSS and TA, while 1F decreased fruit anthocyanin. The effects on fruit surface color were negligible. In both cultivars, return bloom was enhanced by removing all fruit on the upright indicating a strong biennial bearing tendency of individual uprights. Fruit production strongly suppressed vegetative growth of uprights in the following year, especially in “Pilgrim.” Chlorophyll fluorescence kinetic parameters decreased in 0F, indicating lower photosynthetic efficiency in the absence of fruit. The results suggest that fruit thinning is an effective approach for increasing the individual fruit weight of cranberry crop and that cranberry fruit are strong sinks that effectively suppress generative and vegetative growth of the uprights in the subsequent year.
Forfattere
Narta Elshani Steffen Adler Tidåker, Pernilla Jon Kristian Sommerseth Matthias Koesling Håvard SteinshamnSammendrag
Green biorefineries (GBRs) aim to reduce reliance on imported feed by extracting protein from forage. Their environmental performance depends on co-product utilization, including the pulp which contains up to 70% of the original biomass dry matter. Using a life cycle assessment approach, we compared a conventional dairy system with two GBR-integrated systems differing in land availability for forage production, where pulp fraction replaced forage in cattle diets, adjusted using the Nordic Feed Evaluation System. Both GBR-integrated systems showed higher environmental impacts per kg milk than the conventional, driven by increased concentrate feed inputs or expanded land use for forage production to maintain milk production. Impact increased by up to 7% and 8% for global warming potential and land use, respectively, while other impact categories showed similar or even higher increases. Substituting soybean meal elsewhere with GBR-produced protein concentrate partially offset these impacts but was insufficient to reduce impacts below the conventional system. In a sensitivity analysis, neither a higher feeding value for pulp nor a higher-impact assumption for the avoided soybean meal alone was enough to bring impacts below the conventional system. Only when both were combined did global warming potential and land use fall below conventional, by 5%.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
I prosjektet ForGran (2024-2028) undersøker vi avgang, vitalitet og tidlig utvikling hos plantet gran i ulike deler av Norge, med mål om å styrke kunnskapsgrunnlaget for vellykket foryngelse etter hogst. I 2025 ble 70 bestand og 684 sirkelprøveflater kartlagt, og 4474 kulturplanter ble registrert etter første vekstsesong. Resultatene viser at 79 % av bestandene hadde flere planter enn minimumskravet i forskrift om bærekraftig skogbruk. Etter første vekstsesong var 66 % av plantene vitale, mens 12 % var døde eller hadde kraftig nedsatt vitalitet. Gransnutebille var den vanligste registrerte skadeårsaken blant skadde planter, og barkskader var den vanligste skadetypen. De fleste plantefeltene var ikke markberedt, og plantene var satt rett i vegetasjonen eller ved stubbe. Analysene viste at enkelte planteplasser, særlig markberedningsgrop med høy plassering, omvendt torv med mineraljord, plassering ved stein eller død ved og plassering ved stubbe, hadde positiv sammenheng med vitalitet. Resultatene peker på at planteplass, markberedning og snutebillebeskyttelse kan ha stor betydning for plantenes tidlige etablering. Registreringene de neste årene vil gi et større samlet datamateriale og et bedre grunnlag for å gi anbefalinger til skogbruket. Som en del av prosjektet vil også et utvalg av bestandene registreres på nytt etter tre vekstsesonger. Dette vil gi sikrere svar på årsakssammenhenger over tid.
Sammendrag
Bumblebees are keystone pollinators which facilitate the reproduction of a wide range of wild and agricultural plants. Their abundance and diversity have been severely reduced by anthropogenic stressors such as widespread land-use change and habitat fragmentation. However, we lack a comprehensive understanding of population structure and local adaptation in bumblebees inhabiting human-altered landscapes. Here, we discover significant fine-scale (e.g. ~300 km) population structure within two common bumblebee species, Bombus lapidarius and Bombus pascuorum, by analysing whole genome data of 106 specimens from 7 sites in northern Europe. While the observed population structure is largely associated with natural oceanic barriers, we also detect significant divergence between populations sampled from anthropogenic landscapes which are not separated by such barriers. Furthermore, whereas genetic divergence in B. lapidarius is spread relatively evenly across the genome, divergence in B. pascuorum is concentrated within several megabase-sized genomic regions—including a putative chromosomal inversion – which may underlie well-known colour polymorphisms across its range. Our observations reveal a distinct genomic architecture underlying population structure within these bumblebee species, and highlight the necessity of increasing our understanding of bumblebee connectivity to design optimal bumblebee conservation strategies.
Sammendrag
There is an increasing interest in using forests as a natural solution for enhancing terrestrial carbon dioxide removal, as part of climate smart forestry strategy to have a significant role in climate mitigation efforts. Harvest deferral is seen as one carbon farming practice to increase carbon sequestration in forests. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of harvest deferral on carbon forest sink potential of Norwegian forests in the short, medium and long-term. Here, we carried out scenario analysis for the whole Norway during the 21st century to assess the effect on carbon sequestration of delaying harvest in a certain number of forests. The scenarios represented different levels of harvest deferral through Norwegian forests. Delaying harvest would increase CO2 removals in the medium (2050) and long-term (2100), resulting in an additional uptake of approximately 6 and 34 Tg CO2, respectively, when extending rotation for 20 years in those plots with high growth increment in the last 5 years. Scenarios where harvest was delayed for a longer period showed slightly higher CO2 removals by the end of the century. While harvest deferral scenarios showed positive effects in terms of climate change mitigation potential, there are several other aspects that need to be considered, such as trade-offs and synergies with other sustainability goals, leakage, market behaviour and willingness of forest owners to get involved in these carbon farming practices.
Forfattere
Habtamu AlemSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag