Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2026
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
L. Llonch M. Ruiz-Colmenero Matthias Koesling M. Terré J. Cucurull M. Verdú C. Medinyà J. Riera S. Martí M DevantSammendrag
Palm oil is a commonly used dietary fat source in European dairy beef production, but concerns about deforestation associated with its cultivation have stimulated interest in alternative fat sources with the potential to mitigate enteric methane emissions and reduce the carbon footprint of beef production. Oils richer in polyunsaturated fatty acids have been suggested as promising alternatives due to their potential to modify rumen fermentation. The present study aimed to evaluate the dietary substitution of palm oil with sunflower oil, which is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, on animal performance, enteric methane emissions, and environmental footprint. Ninety-four crossbred bulls (399 ± 9.3 kg BW and 271 ± 4.0 days of age) were allocated into six pens and fed concentrate and straw separately, both ad libitum. Treatments were based on the fat source of the concentrates: (1) CTR (n = 46), with 3.50% palm oil on a weight basis as control; and (2) SUN (n = 48), with 3.50% sunflower oil. The study lasted 42 days. Individual feed intake was recorded daily. Bulls were weighed every two weeks. Enteric emissions (CH4, CO2, and O2) were recorded daily with a “sniffer” measurement system installed in each concentrate feeder per pen. Daily CH4 production (L/day) was estimated based on Madsen et al. (2010). Data were analysed using a mixed-effects model. The environmental impact of the two diets was evaluated with the life cycle assessment methodology. No differences in average daily weight gain were observed between dietary oil sources (1.83 vs 1.85 ± 0.141 kg/day, P = 0.87; CTR vs SUN, respectively) and concentrate intake (7.48 vs 7.48 ± 0.420 kg DM/day, P = 1.00; CTR vs SUN). A treatment × period interaction (P < 0.05) with no clear pattern was observed in most of the enteric CH4 emissions data. Nevertheless, in the first 14 days of the study, enteric CH4 emission expressed relative to concentrate intake was lower (P < 0.01) in SUN bulls than in CTR bulls. Carbon footprint was lower in SUN concentrate (0.75 kg CO2 eq/kg concentrate feed) compared with the CTR concentrate (0.89 kg CO2 eq/kg concentrate feed). Thus, the substitution of palm oil with sunflower oil reduces enteric methane emissions expressed relative to concentrate intake during the first days after dietary substitution without detrimental effects on animal performance and reduces the carbon footprint of the dietary concentrate, which is the main contributor to meat’s carbon footprint.
Forfattere
Daniel RasseSammendrag
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Forfattere
Maria Oldeman LundSammendrag
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Forfattere
Clifton Makate Gerard Cornelissen Jan Mulder Vegard Martinsen Øyvind Nystad HandbergSammendrag
This study examines how risk aversion, drought shocks, and land tenure correlate with the uptake of climate-smart agricultural (CSA) innovations in Uganda. Using survey data (442 households and 927 plots) from two districts (Mubende and Alebtong), farm-level weather data, and experimental and subjective risk aversion measures, the study finds risk aversion to be positively associated with recent drought shocks but negatively correlated with private land tenure. Risk aversion is associated with more land allocated to CSA, but recent drought shocks reduce adoption. Risk-averse farmers prioritize plots with secure land tenure for CSA investments. Promoting CSA practices that align with farmers’ risk-averse tendencies, ensuring protection against drought shocks, and strengthening tenure security can help sustain adoption.
Forfattere
Giovanna Ottaviani AalmoSammendrag
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Forfattere
María Bustamante Liria Concetta Maria Messina Simona Manuguerra Andrea Santulli Giovanna Ottaviani AalmoSammendrag
Despite significant progress in understanding the complexity of food systems’ challenges, there remains a lack of clarity around how these systems can undergo transformative change and what is required to enable such shifts. This paper focuses on social innovation as a promising mechanism for addressing structural challenges and reconfiguring food systems toward sustainability, equity, justice, and resilience. Our main contribution is the design of an actionable guidance that helps practitioners and researchers explore and leverage the transformative potential of social innovations. This guidance emerges from a dialogue between a key framework for analyzing social-ecological transformations and recent advancements in Transformative Social Innovation (TSI) theory. By incorporating insights on adaptive, bottom-linked governance and relational dynamics into the SES processual framework, we strengthen its applicability to TSI analysis and make it more adaptable for real-world contexts. We apply this guidance to a case study in Western Sicily’s aquatic food systems, where a long-standing social innovation – rooted in Living Lab methodologies and collaborative governance – demonstrates the potential to challenge dominant values by reconfiguring dominant social relations, empower local actors, and engage with both deep and shallow leverage points, contributing to systemic transformations. By combining cross-field dialogue with empirical application, this paper offers both practical tools for analyzing and designing transformative social innovation processes and practical insights into how social innovations can contribute to more sustainable, resilient, and equitable futures. It directly speaks to practitioners, scholars, and policy makers interested in enabling systemic transformation through socially embedded innovation processes.
Sammendrag
This paper presents a social benefit-cost analysis (BCA) of Precision Agriculture (PA)and Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizers (EEF) for reducing nitrate pollution in the Zelivka catchment, the drinking-water source for 1.5 million people in Prague and surrounding regions. The analysis combines field-level data (50,309 ha, 729 farms), meta-analytical biophysical parameters, a dynamic heterogeneous-agent adoption model, and cross-validation against an independent SWAT+ hydrological simulation. Technology adoption generates a mean Net Present Value of EUR 291 million (95% CI: EUR 94 775 million) over fifty years, with a deterministic benefit-cost ratio of 19.8. Even with health benefits set to zero, the NPV remains positive at EUR 44 million, indicating that private benefits alone cover adoption costs. BCA and the SWAT+ approaches imply comparable rates of reservoir-concentration decline (≈0.15 mg/L/yr in SWAT+ over its lag-free window versus a ≈0.13 mg/L/yr peak in the BCA once the lag has elapsed). At-source nitrogen prevention via agricultural technology adoption offers a cost-effective complement to structural catchment measures and end-of-pipe water treatment.
Forfattere
Marina Jennifer Hauser Johan Biørnstad May Bente Brurberg Peter Elias Kidibule Vincent EijsinkSammendrag
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Forfattere
Helle Ross GobakkenSammendrag
Support from Veiflyt project financed by Skogtiltaksfondet