Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2026
Sammendrag
Kva skal til for at politikarar skal vera betre rusta til å ta avgjerder i arealsaker? Dette forprosjektet har jobba med å finne svaret på spørsmålet i perioden 1. november 2024 til 31. oktober 2025. Det viktigaste tiltaket har vore å gjennomføre ein halvdags workshop i fem kommuner og evaluere desse. Og det viktigaste resultatet i forprosjektet er at denne formen for opplæring er liv laga. Det viste seg tydeleg at den ikkje var perfekt, men prosjektgruppa anbefalar at noko liknande kan brukast vidare i forbetra form - dette blir drøfta i rapporten. Forprosjektet har hatt fem tiltak: Tiltak 1 handla om å finne ut kva opplæring dei folkevalde får i dag. Dette vart gjennomført av prosjektleiarane som enkle intervju med fem ordførarar. Hovudinntrykket var at det er for lite tilpassa opplæring i arealforvaltning i folkevaldopplærina frå KS som mange benyttar. Tiltak 2 handla om å gjennomføre workshop i kommunestyrer. Dette var det mest omfattande tiltaket og har fått mest plass i rapporten vidare. Forskarane Hanne Sickel og etterkvart Christian Pedersen frå NIBIO vart leigd inn og laga workshopane med fasilitator Tone Aas Skålevik.Workshopar vart gjennomført i fem hallingdalskommunar med totalt 92 deltakarar. Både ein oppvarmingsdel, ein bolk i temadelen og avslutningsdelen vart leia av fasilitator Skålevik og var nytt for dei fleste deltakarane. I eine temadelen skulle deltakarane til dømes gå inn i ulike roller med ulikt syn på arealbruk. Den andre temadelen var foredrag og dialog med forskaren om effektane av utmarksbeiting. Det store fleirtalet var godt nøgde, rundt 60 % ytra seg positivt i evalueringsskjema, rundt 10 % negativt og resten nøytralt. Eit anna viktig funn var at 87 % kunne tenkje seg meir opplæring. Tre tema skilde seg ut som politikarane ville lære meir om: arbeidsplassar og ringverknader av hyttebygging, konsekvensar for natur og konsekvensar for kommuneøkonomien av hytteutbygging. I snitt kryssa deltakarane av for 6 tema av 16 moglege. Eit mindretal av deltakarar (rundt 8%) meinte i evalueringsskjema at opplegget var for einsidig og nokon færre at det vart for mykje rollespel og leik. Tiltak 3 handla om å arrangere ei digital samling med arealplanleggjarar i Hallindal. Med dei same forskarane og prosjektleiarane. Her vart forskjellige tema drøfta, med bakgrunn i det same spørsmålet som bakteppe. Viktige aspekt å ta med seg vidare derifrå er rolleforståing og innspelet “Kva om foredragshaldarar var med i ein del to, eit faktisk møte seinare?” Tiltak 4 var arbeidsmøter og styring av prosjektet. Tiltak 5 er utarbeiding av denne rapporten som mellom anna har heile oppskrifta på workshopane, mange detaljerte resultat frå dei ulike kommunane og til slutt ein del råd for vidare arbeid.
Sammendrag
KRONIKK: Norge har forpliktet seg til å stanse tapet av naturmangfold. Skal dette lykkes, må vi også ta vare på naturen som er avhengig av mennesker.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Felix Seidel Jorge Álvaro‐Fuentes Martin A. Bolinder Claudia Di Bene Mariangela Diacono Eugenio Diaz‐Pines Sophia Götzinger Thomas Kätterer Sonja G. Keel Katharina M. Keiblinger Jens Leifeld Jan Peter Lesschen Ioanna Panagea Daniel Rasse Christoph Rosinger Greet Ruysschaert Florian Schneider Daria Seitz Heide Spiegel Marjetka Suhadolc Silvia Vanino Axel DonSammendrag
Soil degradation threatens global agriculture by compromising soil health, while sustainable agricultural management enhances soil functionality and carbon (C) storage, thereby contributing to climate change mitigation. This study estimates the feasible C sequestration potential of ten agricultural management practices across Europe, by applying practice‐specific emission factors and identifying areas suitable for additional implementation. For each management option, the implementation area was defined based on environmental and technical limitations and, if applicable, EU regulations. The objective of this study is to identify general patterns, relative magnitudes, and plausible ranges of carbon sequestration potentials across Europe. Considering soil C from 0 to 50 cm depth, biochar application shows the highest and most robust potential, contributing approximately 34%–47% of the total estimated annual C sequestration rate. This is followed by agroforestry, contributing 24%–45% (of which ~10% occurs in soils and ~90% in biomass), and zero tillage with 11%–15%. Optimised crop residue management (4%–6%), forage legumes and temporary ley rotations (4%–5%), and cover cropping (2%–3%) contribute comparatively smaller shares. Non‐inversion tillage and irrigation offered a marginal C sequestration potential. By implementing all non‐mutually exclusive management options, the greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation potential is estimated at approximately 20%–30% of current, annual, agricultural GHG emissions in Europe (740 Mt. CO 2 e yr. −1 ), including the land‐use, land‐use change and forestry (LULUCF) sector. For the EU‐27, this corresponds to a similar range of 20%–31% of annual agricultural GHG emissions (614 Mt. CO 2 e yr. −1 ), also including the LULUCF sector. Evaluating trade‐offs and synergies of each management option is essential for achieving sustainable soil management. The success of C sequestration efforts in European agriculture depends on scaling up improved management practices. Meanwhile, soil C stocks decrease and entrenched policy as well as economic and other adoption barriers suggest that even the conservative scenario may be overly optimistic.
Sammendrag
In East Africa, including Tanzania, the vast majority of the population relies on fuelwood for domestic energy consumption, particularly for cooking. This heavy dependence on biomass has significant implications for forest resources, contributing to forest disturbances, but has not been sufficiently investigated until now. This study aims to explore these dynamics in Mainland Tanzania between 2001 and 2023 by assessing Tree Cover Loss, Above-Ground Biomass, biomass loss and demand trends, and evaluating the fraction of Non-Renewable Biomass. The study integrates remote sensing data from Global Forest Watch, national household budget surveys, and published literature, applying geospatial analysis and statistical modelling. Results showed that between 2001 and 2023 AGB declined, with a consistent drop in biomass density. Total Biomass Loss rose from 39 Mt in 2001 to 70.1 Mt in 2022, while Total Biomass Demand surged from 22.6 to 55.4 Mt. The gap between supply and demand narrowed slightly, suggesting a possible increase in resource use efficiency for energy provision. Out of 26 regions, 11 are net consumers, and 15 are net suppliers. This illustrates the uneven distribution of biomass resources and demand nationwide. The fraction of Non- Renewable Biomass rose from 23.8% in 2001 to 34.1% in 2012 and then stabilized. About 79% of this in 2022 was due to cooking-related biomass demand, highlighting unsustainable biomass use. Overall, this study offers critical insights into forest resource use in Tanzania, with implications for sustainable management and climate policy. The refined estimates of biomass dynamics and fraction of Non-Renewable Biomass support more targeted, data-driven decision-making. While limitations exist, the results emphasize the need for better monitoring to support sustainable energy and forestry strategies.
Sammendrag
Tree falls along linear infrastructures and in particular powerlines pose a significant economic, safety and environmental challenge for the companies and institutions managing these infrastructures. The quick progression and affordability of remote sensing technologies such as drone-based inventories offers the opportunity to quickly and efficiently map individual trees along these infrastructures, enabling precise vegetation management to reduce risks. Here, we show how the hybrid empirical and mechanistic wind risk model ForestGALES can be applied to assess the vulnerability of individual trees to windfalls along selected powerlines in southern Norway. The validation dataset contained 180 recorded individual tree falls along powerlines from the winter 2020–2021. There was no major wind event recorded that winter. However, still, the ForestGALES model performed adequately, with an AUC (area under the curve) of 0.67. Combining the vulnerability index from ForestGALES with all other available tree and environmental variables in a machine learning model (extreme gradient boost algorithm) did however significantly improve the prediction performance. These results highlight how a combination of high-quality remote sensing data at the individual tree level can be utilized with ForestGALES and machine learning to provide managers with high-resolution vulnerability information for vegetation management.
Forfattere
Geir-Harald StrandSammendrag
This paper examines strategies that can be used to determine the appropriate binarization of predictive land-cover maps to produce categorical land-cover maps, in this study used to separate peatland from non-peatland. Seven different strategies were applied to two predictive peatland maps, and the accuracy of the resultant binary land cover maps was evaluated. The main objective was to find the most effective approach to include as much peatland as possible, while simultaneously keeping the amount of noise (false positives) in the peatland map at a minimum. The best overall results were obtained with metrics related to correlation in the confusion matrix. Cohen’s Kappa and the F1 score (defined as the harmonic mean of precision and recall) both reached their maximum at the same cutoff value, producing a land cover map with relatively high recall and limited amounts of noise in terms of false positive results. Maximizing the F1 score does not necessarily produce the optimal result for all applications. The intended purpose of the map must also be considered when deciding whether it is more important to increase true positive results or minimize false positives. In this study, selecting the cutoff point by maximizing Cohen’s Kappa or the F1 score proved to be the most effective overall strategy for dichotomizing the maps. Other strategies may be more appropriate when the distribution of the predictive scores is more balanced or there is a partisan preference for enhancing either user’s accuracy or producer’s accuracy.
Konferanseforedrag – Foryngelsen på Kontusfeltene – noen resultater etter 20 år
Kjersti Holt Hanssen
Forfattere
Kjersti Holt HanssenSammendrag
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