Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2026
Authors
Gunhild Bødtker Claire Coutris Eva Marie-Louise Denison Barbara Alexandra Bukhvalova Åsa Frostegård Erik J. Joner Bjørn Tore Lunestad Kaare Magne Nielsen Pål Trosvik Siamak Pour Yazdankhah Elisabeth Henie MadslienAbstract
Etterspørselen etter bionedbrytbar plast øker, men vi vet for lite om hvordan den brytes ned, hvor raskt det skjer og hvilke konsekvenser det har for miljøet. Nå har Vitenskapskomiteen for mat og miljø (VKM) kartlagt hvilken vitenskapelig litteratur som finnes.
Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive study on lightweight cement-bonded composites containing pulp sludge (PS). The objective of the study was to evaluate how the incorporation of perlite (a lightweight volcanic glass aggregate) and lime mud (a pulp mill residue) influences composites’ properties including mechanical strength, insulation and fire resistance. Up to 50% of the cement binder was replaced with PS (by mass), and small fractions of cement (5–15%) were replaced with perlite or lime mud. A suite of analytical techniques, material characterization and mechanical tests with digital image correlation (DIC) for strain analysis were employed. X-ray analysis showed that the aggregates influenced the composite properties to a considerable extent due to their particle sizes and ability to form hydrated gels with cement. Adding 5% of perlite or lime mud yields optimal strength without compromising weight reduction whereas higher aggregate content (15%) led to reduced strength. The DIC system provided insights into strain distribution during loading, confirming enhanced toughness from the fibrous PS. The composites were significantly lighter (732–749 kg/m3) and showed about 30% lower thermal conductivity (0.17 W/mK) than pure cement composites (0.25 W/mK). The normal incidence sound absorption of the composites was about 0.3 at mid-high frequencies due to their compact structure. The composites demonstrated potential for use as sustainable, lightweight construction materials with good acoustic and thermal insulation, as well as acceptable load-bearing capacity for non-structural applications based on EN 634-1/-2 requirements for cement-bonded particleboards.
Authors
Charlotte Møller Pieter De Frenne J. Mason Heberling Jesse Bellemare Jörg Brunet Hans Henrik Bruun Jacques Cayouette Guillaume Decocq Martin Diekmann Božo Frajman Jenny Hagenblad Per‐Ola Hedwall Bonnie L. Isaac Aino Kalske Jonathan Lenoir Jaan Liira Martí March‐Salas Anne Muola Anna Orczewska Federico Selvi Brandon Wheeler Marcel Sieck Hagen von Klopotek J. F. ScheepensAbstract
Aim Widespread species encounter a range of variable climates that can lead to intraspecific trait clines. Such clines can be the result of phenotypic plasticity, genetic differences, or both. Although latitude often explains a large part of trait variation, it is crucial to investigate the underlying environmental variables to understand current and future trait responses. Cross‐continental comparisons of species that are native on multiple continents provide a rarely used approach that can help identify the environmental drivers of intraspecific trait clines. Location Europe and North America. Time Period 2021–2023. Major Taxa Studied Milium effusum L. (Poaceae). Methods To quantify the influence of environmental gradients on functional traits across geographical regions that vary in climate, we sampled M. effusum seeds from 23 European and 14 North American populations and transplanted them in a common garden. We measured 10 vegetative, reproductive, and phenological traits. We used 30‐year averages of 19 bioclimatic variables, while accounting for the latitudinal and elevational position of the population origins, to compare the trait‐environment relationships between continents. Results Our results showed that European populations occupy a broader climatic range than North American populations. Differences between continents were found in most of the traits as well as in the multivariate trait space. The traits were affected more by bioclimatic variables than by latitude or elevation. While flowering, leaf thickness, specific leaf area, and reproductive height showed parallel clines to the environment between continents, vegetative height and biomass showed contrasting clines. Main Conclusions Environmental influences from population origins revealed parallel clines between the continents for functional traits, suggesting shared selective pressures, while contrasting clines for plant size indicated different evolutionary trajectories, potential bottlenecks, or interactions with unknown ecological factors. This study highlights the complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and evolutionary factors in shaping phenotypic variation in native species across continents.
Authors
Kateřina Hamouzová Pavlína Košnarová Madhab Kumar Sen Soham Bhattacharya Michaela Kolářová Lena Ulber Dagmar Rissel Björn Ringselle Wiktoria Kaczmarek-Derda Pavel Hamouz Josef SoukupAbstract
Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Sch. Bip. is a widespread weed in cereal production systems across Europe and has evolved resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS)‐inhibiting herbicides in several Northern and Central European countries. This study identified and characterised resistance to the ALS‐inhibiting herbicides tribenuron‐methyl and florasulam in eight populations of T. inodorum from the Czech Republic, Germany, Norway and Sweden. The two Czech populations, with Pro‐197‐Gln + Pro‐197‐Ala substitutions in one population (CZ1) and a Pro‐197‐Thr substitution in the second population (CZ2), differed in their response to tribenuron‐methyl: CZ1 showed low resistance (resistance factor, RF: 5.2), while CZ2 exhibited high resistance (RF: > 53). However, both showed similar and low resistance to florasulam (RF: 2.5 and 3.9, respectively). The two German populations also showed contrasting responses: one population, with a Pro‐197‐Leu substitution, exhibited low resistance to both ALS inhibitors (RF: 2.8 for tribenuron‐methyl and 3.3 for florasulam), whereas the other population, with a Pro‐197‐Thr substitution, displayed high resistance to both herbicides (RF: > 53 and 12.9, respectively). Norwegian populations with a Pro‐197‐Tyr substitution and Swedish populations with Pro‐197‐Thr or Pro‐197‐Gln substitutions exhibited high resistance to tribenuron‐methyl (RF: 15.2–> 53), but only low resistance to florasulam (RF: 2.5–4.8). Geographic patterns in substitution types were evident, with Nordic populations predominantly exhibiting polar substitutions and Central European populations showing a mix of polar and non‐polar substitutions, suggesting divergent resistance evolution pathways. Notably, except for the Pro197Gln mutation, all other identified mutations have not been previously reported in T. inodorum . Overall, these results highlight the need for region‐specific resistance management strategies.
Authors
Eirik Inge Mikkelsen Cornelya Klutsch Gunnar Sander Patrick Berg Sørdahl Ingrid Kvalvik Sigrid Engen Charlotte Teresa Weber Camilla Carlsten Mittenzwei Vito De LuciaAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Jo Jorem AarsethAbstract
Side-eventet samlet aktører fra alle sektorer som berøres av det grønne skiftet og behovet for ny grønn industri i nord.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Martyn Futter Katri Rankinen Joachim Audet Heleen de Wit Csilla Farkas Martin Forsius Jens Fölster Anastasija Isidorova Øyvind Kaste Dominika Krzeminska Katarina Kyllmar Emma Lannergård James Sample Eva Skarbøvik Lars Sonesten Brian KronvangAbstract
Abstract River mouth nitrogen: phosphorus: silicon (N:P:Si) stoichiometry can predict marine eutrophication potential. Furthermore, deviations from Redfield molar N: P:Si = 16:1:20 ratios can offer insight into limiting nutrients and risks for harmful algal blooms (HAB). Here, we present N:P:Si stoichiometry based on total P, dissolved inorganic N and dissolved Si for 88 coastal river mouths in Norway, Sweden and Finland between 2017 and 2024. Rivers ranged from ultra-oligotrophic to hyper-eutrophic. N and P concentrations increased from north to south, with no latitudinal Si gradient. Most rivers were either P or jointly NP depleted relative to Si, with no overall evidence of Si depletion. However, there was some evidence of seasonal Si depletion. We show how using multi-element approaches, e.g., the Index of Coastal Eutrophication Potential (ICEP) can help to guide management actions. Specifically, Using Si depletion relative to N and P concentrations as an indicator of HAB potential may offer a means to identify catchments where nutrient load reductions can have the largest benefit on marine ecosystem health. Such multi-element approaches can complement single nutrient assessments based on, e.g., the Carlson Trophic Status Index or Water Framework Directive status class assessments.
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study evaluated the SWAT+ model in a Norwegian catchment with mixed forest-agriculture land use, tile drainage, and multiple lakes, and examined the added value of incorporating soft data as process-based constraints during calibration. The primary aim was to test whether such constraints improve hydrological consistency in addition to statistical fit. A stepwise methodology was applied, including parameter initialization, model verification, water balance soft calibration, and constraint-based hard calibration. We showed how each stage incrementally improved model performance. Three hydrological constraints were defined to represent water balance components (runoff coefficient), streamflow signatures (baseflow index), and expert knowledge of catchment behavior (tile flow ratio). Constraint-based calibration achieved slightly lower efficiency scores (NSE = 0.61, KGE = 0.72) than unconstrained calibration (NSE = 0.65, KGE = 0.77), reflecting the trade-off between optimizing performance metrics and ensuring realistic hydrological processes. The baseflow index was the most influential constraint, eliminating about 77% of non-behavioral simulations when assessed individually. The results also highlight the importance of lake initialization and the need for multiple performance metrics when tuning lake release parameters. Overall, integrating process-based knowledge strengthened internal consistency and increased confidence that SWAT+ performs well for the right reasons.