Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2022
Forfattere
Jian LiuSammendrag
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Forfattere
Jian LiuSammendrag
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Sammendrag
Aims Root traits associated with resource foraging, including fine-root branching intensity, root hair, and mycorrhiza, may change in soils that vary in rock fragment content (RFC), while how these traits covary at the level of individual root branching order is largely unknown. Methods We subjected two xerophytic species, Artemisia vestita (subshrub) and Bauhinia brachycarpa (shrub), to increasing RFC gradients (0%, 25%, 50%, and 75%, v v− 1) in an arid environment and measured fine-root traits related to resource foraging. Results Root hair density and mycorrhizal colonization of both species decreased with increasing root order, but increased in third- or fourth-order roots at high RFCs (50% or 75%) compared to low RFCs. The two species tend to produce more root hairs than mycorrhizas under the high RFCs. For both species, root hair density and mycorrhizal colonization intensity were negatively correlated with root length and root diameter across root order and RFCs. Rockiness reduced root branching intensity in both species comparing with rock-free soil. At the same level of RFC, A. vestita had thicker roots and lower branching intensity than B. brachycarpa and tended to produce more root hairs. Conclusion Our results suggest the high RFC soil conditions stimulated greater foraging functions in higher root orders. We found evidence for a greater investment in root hairs and mycorrhizal symbioses as opposed to building an extensive root system in rocky soils. The two species studied, A. vestita and B. brachycarpa, took different approaches to foraging in the rocky soil through distinctive trait syndromes of fine-root components.
Forfattere
Frederik BøeSammendrag
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Forfattere
Frederik BøeSammendrag
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Forfattere
Silvia Vanino Tiziana Pirelli Claudia Di Bene Frederik Bøe Nádia Castanheira Claire Chenu Sophie Cornu Virginijus Feiza Dario Fornara Olivier Heller Raimonds Kasparinskis Saskia Keesstra Maria Valentina Lasorella Sevinç Madenoglu Katharina H. E. Meurer Lilian O'Sullivan Noemi Peter Chiara Piccini Grzegorz Siebielec Bozena Smreczak Martin Hvarregaard Thorsøe Roberta FarinaSammendrag
Climate-smart sustainable management of agricultural soil is critical to improve soil health, enhance food and water security, contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation, biodiversity preservation, and improve human health and wellbeing. The European Joint Programme for Soil (EJP SOIL) started in 2020 with the aim to significantly improve soil management knowledge and create a sustainable and integrated European soil research system. EJP SOIL involves more than 350 scientists across 24 Countries and has been addressing multiple aspects associated with soil management across different European agroecosystems. This study summarizes the key findings of stakeholder consultations conducted at the national level across 20 countries with the aim to identify important barriers and challenges currently affecting soil knowledge but also assess opportunities to overcome these obstacles. Our findings demonstrate that there is significant room for improvement in terms of knowledge production, dissemination and adoption. Among the most important barriers identified by consulted stakeholders are technical, political, social and economic obstacles, which strongly limit the development and full exploitation of the outcomes of soil research. The main soil challenge across consulted member states remains to improve soil organic matter and peat soil conservation while soil water storage capacity is a key challenge in Southern Europe. Findings from this study clearly suggest that going forward climate-smart sustainable soil management will benefit from (1) increases in research funding, (2) the maintenance and valorisation of long-term (field) experiments, (3) the creation of knowledge sharing networks and interlinked national and European infrastructures, and (4) the development of regionally-tailored soil management strategies. All the above-mentioned interventions can contribute to the creation of healthy, resilient and sustainable soil ecosystems across Europe.
Forfattere
Frederik BøeSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Frederik BøeSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Julie Ingram Jane Mills Jasmine E. Black Charlotte-Anne Chivers José A. Aznar-Sánchez Annemie Elsen Magdalena Frac Belén López-Felices Paula Mayer-Gruner Kamilla Skaalsveen Jannes Stolte Mia TitsSammendrag
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Forfattere
Pavel Raška Nejc Bezak Carla S.S. Ferreira Zahra Kalantari Kazimierz Banasik Miriam Bertola Mary Bourke Artemi Cerdà Peter Davids Mariana Madruga de Brito Rhys Evans David C. Finger Rares Halbac-Cotoara-Zamfir Mashor Housh Artan Hysa Jiří Jakubínský Marijana Kapović Solomun Maria Kaufmann Saskia Keesstra Emine Keles Silvia Kohnová Michele Pezzagno Kristina Potočki Samuel Rufat Samaneh Seifollahi-Aghmiuni Arthur Schindelegger Mojca Šraj Gintautas Stankunavicius Jannes Stolte Ružica Stričević Jan Szolgay Vesna Zupanc Lenka Slavikova Thomas HartmannSammendrag
The major event that hit Europe in summer 2021 reminds society that floods are recurrent and among the costliest and deadliest natural hazards. The long-term flood risk management (FRM) efforts preferring sole technical measures to prevent and mitigate floods have shown to be not sufficiently effective and sensitive to the environment. Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) mark a recent paradigm shift of FRM towards solutions that use nature-derived features, processes and management options to improve water retention and mitigate floods. Yet, the empirical evidence on the effects of NBS across various settings remains fragmented and their implementation faces a series of institutional barriers. In this paper, we adopt a community expert perspective drawing upon LAND4FLOOD Natural flood retention on private land network (https://www.land4flood.eu) in order to identify a set of barriers and their cascading and compound interactions relevant to individual NBS. The experts identified a comprehensive set of 17 barriers affecting the implementation of 12 groups of NBS in both urban and rural settings in five European regional environmental domains (i.e., Boreal, Atlantic, Continental, Alpine-Carpathian, and Mediterranean). Based on the results, we define avenues for further research, connecting hydrology and soil science, on the one hand, and land use planning, social geography and economics, on the other. Our suggestions ultimately call for a transdisciplinary turn in the research of NBS in FRM.