Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2025
Forfattere
Mekjell Meland Oddmund Frøynes Darius Kviklys Uros Gasic Uroš Gašić Tomislav Tosti Milica Fotiric AksicSammendrag
This NIBIO Book presents data of pomological, agronomical, and chemical traits of total 64 heritage and along with some commercial plum cultivars identifying the most important quality parameters, and selecting cultivars with desirable traits giving valuable information for future breeding programs, the fruit industry, processing industry and public awareness.
Sammendrag
In terrestrial ecosystems, forest stands are the primary drivers of atmospheric moisture and local climate regulation, making the quantification of transpiration (T) at the stand level both highly relevant and scientifically important. Stand-level T quantification complements evapotranspiration monitoring by eddy-covariance systems, providing valuable insight into the water use efficiency of forested ecosystems in addition to serving as important inputs for the calibration and validation of global transpiration monitoring products based on satellite observations. Stand level T estimates are typically obtained by scaling up individual tree estimates of water movement within the xylem – or sap flow. This movement affects the radius of a tree stem, whose fluctuations over the diel cycle provide pertinent information about tree water relations which can be readily detected by point (or precision) dendrometers. While sap flow measurements have greatly advanced our understanding of water consumption (T) at the level of individual trees, deploying conventional sap flow monitoring equipment to quantify T at the level of entire forested stands (or ecosystems) can quickly become costly since sap flow measurements from many trees are required to reduce the uncertainty of the upscaling. Using a boreal old-growth Norway spruce stand at an ICOS site in Southern Norway as a case study, we assess the potential of augmenting conventional sap flow monitoring systems with sap flow modeling informed by point dendrometer measurements to reduce the uncertainty of stand level T estimation at the daily resolution. We test the hypothesis that the uncertainty reduction afforded by a boosted tree sample size more than offsets the propagation of uncertainty originating from the point dendrometer-based sap flow estimates.
Forfattere
Trygve S. Aamlid Elin Blütecher Ellen Johanne Svalheim Annette Bär Marie Vestergaard Henriksen Ievina Sturite Nils Ragnar S. Skjørholm Elise Krey Pedersen John Ingar Øverland Kari Bysveen Astrid GissingerSammendrag
NIBIOs Robustfrøblandinger for pollinatorsoner gir høyere tilskuddssats og større mangfold av pollinatorer, men ugras bør avpusses i juli i etableringsåret
Forfattere
Lathika Y. Hitige Rashmi N.J.K. Arachchi Nimal Ratnayake Miyuru Gunathilake Upaka RathnayakeSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Climatic drought and changes in precipitation patterns are key features of the ongoing and predicted climatic changes in northern latitudes such as the boreal forest of Norway. Recent droughts highlight on the possible difficult future of spruce forests in southern Norway. To better understand and monitor these forests under a more extreme climate, it is crucial to gain a better understanding of the water relations of spruce trees across forest stands. Sap flow sensors are typically used for directly measuring the water demands for transpiration in individual trees. There are however limitations to their use in examining the hydraulic and physiological responses to extreme water supply variability: i) manufactured high-resolution sensors such as those following the Heat Ratio Method (HRM) or Heat Field Deformation (HFD) are expensive, limiting their deployment to a few trees in a stand, and ii) the sap flow sensors only measure the movement of water within the active sapwood, not accessing other physiological mechanisms and responses (radial growth, water storage) associated with stress response. Point dendrometers have become increasingly used, monitoring sub-daily stem size fluctuations resulting from both seasonal patterns of radial growth increment and the dynamics of plant tissue water balance. Manufactured point dendrometers are much cheaper to buy and easier to install and maintain than manufactured sap flow sensors. They can therefore be much more extensively deployed across forest stands. We aimed to analyse the relationship between sub-daily stem diameter changes and sap flow using point dendrometers and HRM sap flow sensors installed in a Norway spruce forest located 50 km north of Oslo, Norway. We linked these relationships with individual tree physical attributes, meteorology and soil climate over two growing seasons in 2022 and 2023. Our goal was to assess whether a predictive model of sap flow could be built from measured diameter changes, tree properties and climate, to ultimately reduce the uncertainty of stand level transpiration estimation at the daily resolution across entire forest stands.
Forfattere
Anne Linn HykkerudSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Therese With BergeSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Gunhild Bødtker Claire Coutris Eva Marie-Louise Denison Åsa Frostegård Erik J. Joner Bjørn Tore Lunestad Elisabeth Henie Madslien Kaare Magne Nielsen Pål TrosvikSammendrag
In this self-tasking scoping review, VKM will map research about the environmental impacts of biodegradable plastics, including biodegradation rates and material persistence in different environments and geographical regions, the influence on microbial ecology and activity, and ecotoxicological effects of materials and associated chemical substances. Related to this is also research associated with the development of methodology, standards, environmental risk assessment, life cycle impact analyses, material sources and properties of biodegradable plastics and products. The aim is to 1) determine the extent of evidence summarised in reviews and original research papers within this emerging research area and 2) map the evidence according to the materials and chemicals studied, types of environments and geographical regions covered, the hypotheses addressed, the type of endpoints assessed and the reported key findings. Systematic literature searches will be performed to identify the summarised evidence, applying APRIO to develop a tailored search protocol that addresses the multi- and cross-disciplinary nature of the research area. We will select and map the identified publications applying Rayyan and sort them into three categories based on their main scientific focus and aim of study: 1) material properties and application, 2) biodegradation and microbial ecology, and 3) ecotoxicology. There will be no geographical restrictions on the search and study selection, but in the data charting process we will highlight findings relevant to Norway and other Nordic countries. The current project adheres to the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist” for protocol development and reporting. We will address uncertainties associated with research studies applying EFSA guidelines and their generic list of common types of uncertainty affecting scientific studies and assessments.
Forfattere
Hilde Margrethe HelgesenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Biorest fra biogassproduksjon er verdifull gjødsel, jordforbedringsprodukt og kan være en ingrediens i torvfrie vekstmedier. Før bruk må den faste fraksjonen av biorest stabiliseres, for eksempel ved kompostering. Tidligere undersøkelser av klimagassutslipp ved kompostering av biorest har imidlertid skapt behov for ytterligere kunnskap om hvilke forhold som påvirker slike utslipp og hvordan lagring og komposteringen av biorest kan optimaliseres for å redusere klimagassutslipp.