Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2008
Forfattere
Nina TrandemSammendrag
Ti bilder av skade- og nyttedyr i frukt å bær å bryne seg på.
Forfattere
Nina TrandemSammendrag
I 2008 har det både i Telemark og Hedmark vært alvorlig skade av bladveps i solbær. Vi vet ikke hvilken art det dreier seg om, det kan også være flere arter. Men det er ikke stikkelsbærbladveps (Nematus ribesii) siden denne ikke angriper sobær.
Forfattere
Hans Ragnar Norli Agnethe ChristiansenSammendrag
Cereals often give interfering peaks originating from fatty acids and their alkyl esters. The amount of interferences can be so high, that in addition to mask the target pesticides, the retention times increases and makes identification difficult. Standard QuEChERS cleanup with 25 mg/ml of PSA/ml of acetonitrile extract, or increasing the amount of PSA up to 300 mg/ml is not enough to remove the fatty acids. By adding calcium chloride to the extract, the polarity was changed in such a way that the polar pesticides were recovered in acceptable rates and fatty acids were not coextracted. By also include a freeze out step more unpolar fatty acid alkyl esters and plant sterols was removed.
Forfattere
Hans Ragnar Norli Børge Holen Agnethe ChristiansenSammendrag
QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) er en relativt ny teknikk for prøveopparbeidelse når restmengder av pesticider i vegetabilske matvarer skal bestemmes. Metoden er basert på ekstraksjon av vandig matriks med acetonitril. Ved å tilsette salter, vil det oppstå et faseskille, hvor pesticidene fordeler seg i acetonitrilfasen. En dispersiv opprensing fjerner interferenser som organiske syrer, fettstoffer og klorofyll. Ekstraktet kan analyseres direkte både ved hjelp av gasskromatografi og væskekromatografi. Metoden har blitt svært populær fordi mange ulike grupper av pesticider lar seg ekstrahere. Metoden er rask å utføre, løsemiddelforbruket er lavt, det kreves heller ingen skilletrakter eller inndampingstrinn og det kan benyttes engangsutstyr i plast.
Sammendrag
Twenty-one species of green algae isolated from marine, freshwater and terrestrial environments were screened for the ability to produce H2 under anaerobic conditions. Seven strains found positive for H2 production under anaerobic conditions were also screened for the ability to produce H2 under sulfur (S) deprivation. In addition to the traditional model species Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, C. noctigama (freshwater) and C. euryale (brackish water) were able to produce significant amounts of H2 under S-deprivation. These species were also able to utilize acetate as a substrate for growth in light. The S-deprivation experiments were performed under photoheterotrophic conditions in a purpose-specific designed bioreactor, and it was shown that an automated pH adjustment feature was essential to maintain a stable pH in the cultures. Several materials commonly used in bioreactors, such as rubber materials, plastics and steel alloys, had a negative effect on the survival of S-deprived algae cultures. Unexpectedly, traces of H2 were produced under S-deprivation during O2 saturation in the cultures, possibly derived from local anaerobic environments formed in algal biofilms on the membranes covering the O2 electrodes.
Forfattere
Richard Meadow Lars Olav Brandsæter svein magne birkenes Arne Hermansen A. Ascard K. Bysveen Arild Andersen Therese With Berge Dag-Ragnar Blystad Bonsak Hammeraas Ricardo Holgado T. Munthe R. Skuterud Arild SlettenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det finnes mange soppmidler (fungicider), men bare noen av dem er tillatt brukt i grøntanlegg. Endringer kan skje fra år til år. Plantevernmidler blir som regel godkjent for en 5-års periode før de revurderes av Mattilsynet. Oversikt over hvilke plantevernmidler som er tillatt brukt i norske grøntanlegg finnes i Plantevernguiden. Nyttige opplysninger er også tilgjengelige i Plantevernleksikonet og i preparatlister fra Mattilsynet. Se link til disse kildene i teksten under.
Sammendrag
In 2006, a rust was found on a 20-year-old ornamental perennial Telekia speciosa in Ås, Akershus county, Norway. Diseased plants exhibited chlorotic spots on the upper leaf surface and uredinia and telia on the lower side of the leaf. This is the first report of C. telekiae in Norway
Forfattere
Berit Nordskog David M. Gadoury May Bente Brurberg Tor Håkon Sivertsen Roy Kennedy Arne HermansenSammendrag
Downy mildews represent some of the most important plant diseases in the production of several field vegetable crops in Norway. Disease outbreaks are difficult to predict since severity of the diseases and the first appearance of the pathogens can differ substantially between seasons. As part of an ongoing project, the initial sources of inoculum for downy mildews of onion (Peronospora destructor), lettuce (Bremia lactucae) and cucumber (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) is investigated to ensure the use of appropriate control measures for these diseases in Norway. Necrotic leaf tissue from infected plants has been examined for the presence of oospores. Oospores have so far been found profusely in lettuce and sparsely in onion, but not in cucumber. Other aspects that are surveyed are the distribution of spores in air. Spore traps are used to identify both the initial appearance of inoculum, and the presence and amount of spores over a field. To determine spore quantities, real-time PCR has been applied to analyze daily spore catch. These results were compared to data from parallel spore traps where hourly numbers of spores are enumerated by use of microscope. An attempt to backtrack an early infection of P. cubensis was made by producing trajectories to show where possible sources of infection may be located in the case of long distance distribution of spores by air. This work will be continued in 2008 and 2009, and the results will be used for better forecasting of downy mildew pathogens in Norway.