Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2025
Abstract
Nature-based solutions (NBS) have been broadly adopted to strengthen water and wastewater sanitation by effectively removing microbial pollutants and limiting significant health risks to aquatic environments and humans. However, temporal variations of pathogen removal efficiencies in NBS and the specific link with faecal pollutants remain understudied. In this study, a Norwegian urban NBS operating as a nature-based treatment system (NBTS) for water purification was monitored on pathogen removal capacities and faecal source tracking through a 1-year study. Applying coupled molecular analyses, i.e., pathogen molecular detection and genetic microbial source tracking, enabled the systemic assessment of this NBTS’s remediation performance while unveiling the intrinsic link between pathogen prevalence and the faecal pollution sources. Notably, the system exhibited stronger pathogen attenuation activity on Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Clostridium perfringens, and Legionella pneumophila (linked closely to human origin in the studied NBTS) than Shigella species and Giardia lamblia sourced mainly from animals. Moreover, the studied system displayed temporal dynamics of its functioning. As such, more fluctuations often occurred in cold months than in the warm period and under varying impacts of measured environmental conditions (i.e., water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, salinity, and oxidation reduction potential). Collectively, the findings of this study consolidate the functional potential of NBS in combating the microbial pollution that results specifically from waterborne enteric pathogens in a tight link with faecal contamination. The disclosed performance seasonality also calls for extra consideration for better-informed system management and remediation enhancement. Last but not least, the holistic study outcomes underscored the explicit value of applying complementary molecular approaches to achieve deeper insights into the functional status of a target NBS over time.
Abstract
Purpose: Rice production in paddy soil is important for food security, and nitrogen fertilisation is important to achieve high yields. Digestate, the organic rest from biogas production can be a good fertilizer, but relatively little is known about its use in paddy soil, which is investigated here. Method: Nitrogen transformations and rice growth in soil waterlogged and at field capacity after application of digestate and digestate products were assessed in a pot experiment. Nitrogen transformations and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions with the same digestates were also assessed in an incubation. Results: One of the tested digestates had as good fertilizer effect as urea. Nitrogen transformations went mostly as expected under given water status, but digestates were more affected by waterlogging than urea. Some instability appeared about 10 days after fertilizer application. Then nitrite levels were high, responsive microbial populations peaked and N2O emissions started. Whilst emissions after mineral fertilizer application (urea) were not affected by waterlogging, emission after application of one of the examined digestate was high at field capacity but almost zero under waterlogging. N2O emissions from all other digestate and water treatments were also low. Conclusion: Digestates have great potential as organic fertilizers in rice production, but N2O emissions under aerobic soil conditions are of concern and warrants further investigation and mitigation strategy.
Abstract
In this study the effects of growing annual and perennial plant species in five growing media blends; one peat-based, two peat-reduced and two peat-free. Three main components were used in the blends: sphagnum peat (P-Soil (PS), Wood fiber substrate (WFS), Peat reduced blend (PRB)), coarse wood fiber (Fibergrow®) of Norway spruce (Picea abiens) (WFS, PRB, Circle soil (Circle), PFB) and garden/park waste-based compost (Circle, PRB, PFB). The peat-based reference (P-Soil) contained 10 vol.% composted bark in addition to sphagnum peat. pH in the blends ranged from 5.1 to 6.4. Both annual and perennial plants were tested in the five blends, and large differences in growth and vitality of plants grown in the different blends were observed. The performance of most plant species grown in Circle, PRB and PFB was characterized as satisfactory, while P-Soil gave the best results and was used as reference as it is commonly used in the plant nursery. Plants grown in WFS showed generally weak growth and the plant growth was characterized as unsatisfactory. However, WFS and PRB performed satisfactory to seedlings of Rhododentron uniflorum, while Circle and PFB failed to give satisfactory growth of rhododendron seedlings. Although all blends were basic fertilized with different types of compound mineral fertilizers, chemical analyses showed significantly lower concentrations of CAT-soluble plant nutrients in WFS compared to the other blends. N-immobilization during storage in plastic bags may have occurred for WFS, which has very high C/N-ratio. In the blends with compost and Fibergrow® the expected levels of mineral N were found, and no N-immobilization occurred. In the blends with compost almost all mineral N was present as nitrate-N, while ammonium-N dominated in P-Soil. There were no large differences in root development between the five blends, and the root growth in WFS was good despite significantly smaller plants than in the other blends.
Abstract
presentation about circular economical projects in NIBIO
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Authors
Igor A. Yakovlev Thiago Inagaki Junbin Zhao Pierre-Adrien Rivier Hege Særvold Steen Inger Heldal Daniel Rasse Jihong Liu Clarke Nicholas ClarkeAbstract
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Authors
Teresa Gómez de la Bárcena Tatiana Francischinelli Rittl Eva Farkas Daniel Rasse Cédric Plessis Helge Meissner Christophe Moni Trond Henriksen Randi Berland FrøsethAbstract
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Update on the progress from project AgriCascade
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Authors
Qiang Liu Mahmoud Mazarji Yeqing Li Lu Feng Hongjun Zhou Quan Xue Alastair James Ward Yajing Wang Chunmin Xue Pan JuntingAbstract
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