Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2024
Forfattere
Getachew Birhanu Abera Aryan Bhusal Nabin Aryal Thea Os Andersen Linn Solli Svein Jarle Horn Lu Feng Begum BilgicSammendrag
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Sammendrag
Biomethanation represents a promising approach for biomethane production, with biofilm-based processes like trickle bed reactors (TBRs) being among the most efficient solutions. However, maintaining stable performance can be challenging, and both pure and mixed culture approaches have been applied to address this. In this study, inocula enriched with hydrogenotrophic methanogens were introduced to to TBRs as bioaugmentation strategy to assess their impacts on the process performance and microbial community dynamics. Metagenomic analysis revealed a metagenome-assembled genome belonging to the hydrogenotrophic genus Methanobacterium, which became dominant during enrichment and successfully colonized the TBR biofilm after bioaugmentation. The TBRs achieved a biogas production with > 96 % methane. The bioaugmented reactor consumed additional H2. This may be due to microbial species utilizing CO2 and H2 via various CO2 reduction pathways. Overall, implementing bioaugmentation in TBRs showed potential for establishing targeted species, although challenges remain in managing H2 consumption and optimizing microbial interactions.
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Anne Falk Øgaard Valborg Kvakkestad Kristian Bjerke Eva Brod Erin Byers Astrid Solvåg Nesse Michal Sposob Nhat Strøm-Andersen Simen Wilsher-LohreSammendrag
Denne rapporten er skrevet på oppdrag fra Landbruks- og matdepartementet (LMD). NIBIO har utredet egnethet, gjennomførbarhet og mulige løsninger for krav om en minimumsandel resirkulert fosfor ved salg av fosforholdig gjødsel, dvs. et omsetningskrav. Denne utredningen estimerer mengder av ulike resirkulerbare fosforkilder. Fosforoverskudd i enkelte regioner gitt ulike begrensninger på hvor mye fosfor som kan tilføres i jordbruket er estimert for nå-situasjon og 10 år fram i tid. Videre gir utredningen en oversikt over teknologiske og regulatoriske muligheter for å produsere gjødselvarer basert på resirkulert fosfor, samt en oversikt over innhold av uønskede stoffer i ulike typer fosforkilder. Vi gjennomførte 26 intervjuer med aktører i hele verdikjeden for gjødsel med spørsmål angående et omsetningskrav for resirkulert fosfor: Gjødselprodusenter, forhandlere, kjøpere, landbruksrådgivningen, offentlige myndigheter, og aktører innenfor transport og teknologi. I tillegg til vurderingen av egnethet og gjennomførbarhet av et omsetningskrav for resirkulert fosfor har vi også gjort en kortfattet vurdering av mulige andre løsninger for å stimulere erstatning av mineralfosfor med resirkulert fosfor. Se kapittel 10 for sammendrag og konklusjoner fra rapporten og oppsummeringer i slutten av de enkelte kapitlene for sammenfatning av resultater.
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Getachew Birhanu Abera Erik Trømborg Linn Solli Juline M Walter Radziah Wahid Espen Govasmark Svein Jarle Horn Nabin Aryal Lu FengSammendrag
Biofilm is a syntrophic community of microorganisms enveloped by extracellular polymeric substances and displays remarkable adaptability to dynamic environments. Implementing biofilm in anaerobic digestion has been widely investigated and applied as it promotes microbial retention time and enhances the efficiency. Previous studies on anaerobic biofilm primarily focused on application in wastewater treatment, while its role has been significantly extended to accelerate the degradation of lignocellulosic biomass, improve gas–liquid mass transfer for biogas upgrading, or enhance resistance to inhibitors or toxic pollutants. This work comprehensively reviewed the current applications of biofilm in anaerobic digestion and focused on impacting factors, optimization strategies, reactor set-up, and microbial communities. Moreover, a full-scale biofilm reactor case from Norway is also reported. This review provides a state of-the- art insight on the role of biofilm in anaerobic digestion.
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Claire Coutris Karl Andreas Jensen Pierre-Adrien Rivier Selena Deviller Anastasia Georgantzopoulou Sebastian KuehrSammendrag
By the time they enter soils, engineered nanomaterials (ENM) have undergone physicochemical transformations and may no longer resemble the pristine materials which have been thoroughly investigated during two decades of nanotoxicology research. Is the behavior of environmentally relevant chemical forms of ENM different from that of other metallic species present in soils? Are they more available to soil organisms than their naturally occurring counterparts? The present study aimed at answering these questions, through the use of isotopically enriched ENMs, which could be traced at low concentrations in soil microcosms, despite high natural metallic background. The relevance of the chemical forms was ensured by introducing isotopically enriched 109Ag, 68ZnO and 46TiO2 ENM to a wastewater treatment plant and using the resulting sewage sludge (final sink for most ENM) as amendment in soil microcosms with earthworms. The sludge application rate to soil was similar to that used in agriculture and the experiment lasted for a month. Protocols using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were developed for determination of isotope ratios in complex matrixes, such as soil and organisms. For 109Ag ENM, the dissolved fraction in soil (i.e. the most easily accumulated in organisms) was extremely low and comparable to that of Ag naturally present in soil, and transfer factors to earthworms were similar to those of natural Ag. For 46TiO2 ENM, the transfer to earthworms was negligible, similarly to what was observed for natural Ti. While no difference in behavior and bioavailability was observed between ENM and their naturally occurring counterparts for Ag and Ti, different results were obtained for Zn. The dissolved fraction for 68ZnO ENM was 3-5 times higher than for Zn forms naturally present in soil, and transfer factors to earthworms twice those of natural Zn. Overcoming long-standing challenges related to environmental relevance of chemical forms and concentrations in nanotechnology studies, the approach provides valuable insight into behavior and impacts of environmentally relevant forms of ENM in soils.
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