Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2018
Sammendrag
I rapporten er tilstanden med hensyn til forekomst av fremmede skadelige karplanter (FSK) i naturtypene sanddynemark, åpen grunnlendt kalkmark, kulturmarkseng, kystlynghei og høstingsskog gått gjennom. Resultatene viser omfattende problemer i alle naturtypene, men først og fremst i tettbygd strøk og i Sør Norge. Mot nord avtar problemene, men det er trolig store mørketall i datasettet på grunn av mangelfull kartlegging og innrapportering av funn. Rapporten foreslår på grunnlag av gjennomgangen en rekke tiltak både i naturtypene og for jordbrukslandskapet på et generelt grunnlag. Rapporten går i mindre grad inn på tiltak innenfor bebyggelse og i tettbygd strøk.
Sammendrag
En rekke forhold har betydning for en vellykket etablering av oljevekster; jordart, jordarbeiding, frøkvalitet, sådybde, såmengde, tilgang til næring, temperatur og nedbør etter såing og angrep av skadedyr.
Sammendrag
Denne rapporten har fokus på dyrking og bruk av bygg i Nord-Norge. Innholdet er basert på kunnskapen som er generert gjennom det Nord-Atlantiske samarabeidsprosjektet Northern Cereals 2015-2018. I tillegg til kunnskap om hvordan man dyrker bygg i nord og bruker bygg til mat og malt omhandler rapporten dyrking og bruk av bygg i Nord-Norge i historisk sammenheng, samt et avsluttende kapittel om nye muligheter for denne næringen.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Dei semi-naturlige naturtypane Boreal hei og Semi-naturlig eng er vurdert som sårbar VU, mens Kystlynghei og Semi-naturlig strandeng er vurdert som sterkt trua EN. Strandeng er vurdert som sårbar VU. Slåttemark er vurdert som kritisk trua CR fordi arealet av denne naturtypen har gått kraftig tilbake siste femti år. Semi-naturlige naturtypar er avhengige av riktig skjøtsel for å oppretthalde artsmangfaldet og økologiske funksjonar, og den dominerande påverkingsfaktoren for alle dei vurderte naturtypane er endringar i jordbruket og mangel på skjøtsel som er nødvendig for å oppretthalde naturtypane.
Forfattere
Anne Linn Hykkerud Eivind Uleberg Espen Hansen Marieke Vervoort Jørgen A.B. Mølmann Inger MartinussenSammendrag
Cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus L.) is a wild perennial shrub growing on peatland with a circumpolar distribution. The combined berries have a high polyphenol content comprised primarily of ellagitannins. A few commercial cultivars are available, and pre-breeding trials on clonal material from different geographical origins are in progress. The objective of this study was to investigate how the content of polyphenols of four different cloudberry cultivars were affected by harvesting time and climatic variations during a 3-year-period. Plants were grown outside in plots and berries were harvested when mature. Berries were analyzed for total polyphenols and total anthocyanins by spectrophotometer. Total ellagic acid was identified and quantified using HPLC-MS after hydrolysis of the extracts. Results showed that all measured parameters; total anthocyanins, total polyphenols and ellagic acid are strongly influenced by the genetic background. Although low anthocyanin contents were present in all genotypes, they were highly affected by climatic conditions, being highest at low temperatures. However, the content of ellagic acid was less affected by environmental conditions and showed little response to changing temperatures. In conclusion, ellagitannin content was the most dominating polyphenol group observed in this study and was affected by genetics and is therefore a good breeding criterion for increased health benefit of cloudberry.
Forfattere
Anne Linn Hykkerud Inger Martinussen Ivan Paponov Mette Thomsen Eivind Uleberg Laura JaakolaSammendrag
Rhodiola rosea is a perennial flowering plant with a long history as a medicine plant. The plant contain a range of bioactive compounds including salidroside, rosavin, rosarian and rosin. Some of the compounds are characterized as adaptogens, meaning they can increase the body’s resistance to various stressors. An increased demand for better pharmaceuticals has stimulated the development of new methods for agricultural as well as in vitro cultivation of medicinal plants. A new technology, called rhizosecretion of biologically active chemicals, can provide a continuous supply of biologically active compounds over the lifetime of plants. The plants will then be grown under controlled conditions. In order to increase the production of bioactive compounds in Rhodiola rosea under these conditions it is therefore hypothesized that the biosynthesis can be upregulated by growing it under specific temperature and light quality treatments. An experiment with different light and temperature regimes was established for optimal accumulation of biologically active compounds. Four different clones of Rhodiola rosea were grown under three different light conditions (red, blue and white) combined with two different temperatures (9 and 18 °C) for three weeks. The gene expression of Tyrosine decarboxylase (TyrDC), found to have a key role in the biosynthesis of salidroside, were investigated. In addition, the content of various bioactive compounds were quantified before and after treatment. The results indicate that use if high producing clones is most important for high production and that there is a short-term upregulation during blue light treatment. During the three-week treatment, there was no significant effect of the temperature treatments.
Forfattere
Caroline Brophy John A. Finn Andreas Lüscher M. Suter Laura Kirwan Maria-Teresa Sebastià Aslaug Helgadottir Ole Hans Baadshaug G. Bélanger Alistair Black Rosemary P. Collins Jure Čop Sigridur Dalmannsdottir Ignacio Delgado Anjo Elgersma Mick Fothergill Bodil E. Frankow-Lindberg An Ghesquiere Barbara Golinska Piotr Golinski Philippe Grieu Anne-Maj Gustavsson Mats Höglind Olivier Huguenin-Elie Marit Jørgensen Zydre Kadziuliene Päivi Kurki Rosa Llurba Tor Lunnan Claudio Porqueddu Ulrich Thumm John ConnollySammendrag
Increasing species diversity often promotes ecosystem functions in grasslands, but sward diversity may be reduced over time through competitive interactions among species. We investigated the development of species’ relative abundances in intensively managed agricultural grassland mixtures over three years to identify the drivers of diversity change. A continental-scale field experiment was conducted at 31 sites using 11 different four-species mixtures each sown at two seed abundances. The four species consisted of two grasses and two legumes, of which one was fast establishing and the other temporally persistent. We modelled the dynamics of the four-species mixtures over the three-year period. The relative abundances shifted substantially over time; in particular, the relative abundance of legumes declined over time but stayed above 15% in year three at many sites. We found that species’ dynamics were primarily driven by differences in the relative growth rates of competing species and secondarily by density dependence and climate. Alongside this, positive diversity effects in yield were found in all years at many sites.