Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2008
Forfattere
Ingeborg Klingen Trond Hofsvang Lars Olav Brandsæter Solveig Haukeland Espen Haugland Nina JohansenSammendrag
I denne artikkelen beskriver vi alternativ bekjempelse og fascinerende prosesser som er med på å redusere problemene med skadeorganismer (skadedyr, sykdomsorganismer og ugras). I dette inkluderer vi både naturlige fiender, luktstoffer og overvintring.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Arne Stensvand Heidi Udnes Aamot Gunn Mari Strømeng Venche Talgø Abdelhameed Elameen Jorunn Børve Sonja KlemsdalSammendrag
The ascigerous stage (formation of perithecia with viable ascospores) of Colletotrichum acutatum was recently reported to occur on fruits of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) in Norway. When 113 isolates of C. acutatum from various plant species were cultured on strawberry leaf agar, nine developed perithecia with viable ascospores. Four isolates originated from apple (Malus domestica) and one each from sweet cherry (Prunus avium), raspberry (Rubus idaeus), highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum), hollyberry cotoneaster (Cotoneaster bullatus), and northern dock (Rumex longifolius). Except from blueberry, we never detected the ascigerous stage on decaying fruits or any other parts of the above mentioned plant species. On potato dextrose agar, colour of the underside of the cultures forming perithecia varied from light grey-green to dark grey-green or dark brown-green. Colour of the upperside varied greatly, being dark grey-green, grey-brown, grey, and beige-pink, and only two of the isolates were beige-pink (the raspberry and blueberry isolates). Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis of the isolates using six primer combinations resulted in 103 clear polymorphic bands. A dendrogram was constructed, and based on cluster analysis using genetic similarity, the isolates could be divided into several clusters. Eight of nine perithecia-forming isolates grouped together in the dendrogram, indicating genetical difference from other isolates. This was also supported by Principal Coordinate (PCO) analysis.
Forfattere
Marit Almvik Gunnhild Riise Randi Bolli Agnethe Christiansen Sven R. Odenmarck Trond Børresen Cathrine Waage TveitSammendrag
Although the sulfonylurea herbicides have been used for many years worldwide, few field studies have been performed and little is known about the occurrence, fate and transport of sulfonylureas in the field. This report presents results from the first controlled field and laboratory-studies on the fate of sulfonylurea herbicides in Norway and a method for sample preparation and LC-MS/MS analysis of sulfonylurea herbicides in water samples is also presented.
Forfattere
Arne Stensvand Maria Herrero Håvard Eikemo Andrew Dobson David M. Gadoury Robert C. Seem Catherine Heidenreich Mary Jean WelserSammendrag
Artikkelen gir ein kort omtale av resultat frå eit forskingsprosjekt om mjøldogg i jordbær.
Forfattere
Arne Stensvand Maria Herrero Håvard Eikemo Andrew Dobson Belachew Asalf David M. Gadoury Robert C. Seem Catherine Heidenreich Mary Jean WelserSammendrag
Artikkelen omtalar resultat frå eit 4-årig prosjekt om mjøldogg i jordbær.
Forfattere
David M. Gadoury Arne Stensvand Robert C. Seem Catherine Heidenreich Maria Herrero Mary Jean Welser Andrew Dobson Håvard Eikemo Belachew AsalfSammendrag
Cleistothecia on leaves of deciduous perennials are often dispersed before leaf fall to other substrates. In contrast, strawberry leaves remain attached during winter, and cleistothecia of Podosphaera macularis remained attached to these leaves. Release of overwintered ascospores was coincident with renewed plant growth, and pathogenicity of ascospores was confirmed. Upper and lower surfaces of emergent leaves were similarly susceptible, but upper surfaces were obscured by folding in emergent leaves. Emergent leaves exposed to airborne inoculum developed severe infection of the lower surface, but not the obscured upper surface. Emergent leaves acquired ontogenic resistance during unfolding, and the upper leaf surface thereby escaped infection. We found no evidence that the pathogen survives winters in New York, USA or Norway within crown tissue. Plants stripped of infected leaves remained mildew-free when forced after overwintering, while mildew colonies commonly developed on emergent leaves of plants not stripped of mildewed leaves. Unsprayed plots established using mildew-free plants either remained asymptomatic or developed only traces of powdery mildew during one growing season, even when located within 100 to 150 meters of severely diseased plots. In summary, our results suggest the following: (i) sanitation, use of disease-free plants, and eradicative treatments could contribute greatly to management of strawberry powdery mildew; (ii) cleistothecia represent a functional source of primary inoculum; and (iii) the common observation of higher mildew severity on lower leaf surfaces may reflect escape of the upper epidermis due to the combined effect of leaf folding and rapid acquisition of ontogenic resistance.
Sammendrag
Rotstokkråte i jordbær og rød rotråte i bringebær kan gi store avlingstap. En effektiv måte å kontrollere sykdommene på er bruk av resistente sorter. Sortsforedling er både tids- og arbeidskrevende, men ved bruk av bioteknologiske verktøy kan prosessen rasjonaliseres. Bioteknologiske verktøy er også meget godt egnet for å få detaljert kunnskap om samspillet mellom en plante og en skadegjører, hvilket på sikt kan gi nye metoder for bekjempelse.
Forfattere
Marianne Stenrød J Perceval P Benoit Marit Almvik Randi Bolli Ole Martin Eklo Tore E. Sveistrup Jens KværnerSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag