Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2026
Sammendrag
Prosjektet «Mer Norsk Løk» (NFR 2522642) kartla dyrkings- og lagringspraksis hos 12 norske løkprodusenter fra 2022 til 2025 for å forbedre kvaliteten og øke forbruket av norsk løk. Kartleggingen inkluderte agronomiske tiltak, værdata, avlingsmålinger, lager klimadata og kvalitetsanalyse av lagringsprøver, med fokus på skallkvalitet, lagringsstabilitet og råte, i tillegg inngikk en stor patogenkartlegging basert på 300+ prøver og millioner av sekvensdata. Vekstsesongen varierte i lengde og tørre forhold under bakketørking viste seg å være avgjørende for kvalitet. Snitt avling var 6 846 kg/daa, med størst andel løk i fraksjonen 65–85 mm, og lagringspraksis viste store forskjeller i tid og temperaturkontroll. Målte klimadata (temperatur og relativ luftfuktighet) på de 12 lagre viste noe varierende temperaturforhold på de ulike lagrene med tørketemperatur fra 14 til 20 °C og relativ luftfuktighet på 52-85 samt temperaturer i hoved lagringsperioden på 0 til ca. 3 °C og relativ luftfuktighet på 80-90%. Kvalitetsvurdering viste vekttap på 3,1–8,9 %, lite råte generelt, men enkelte lagre hadde over 30 % råte i 2023–2024, en sesong som var preget av mye nedbør og smitte med løkbladskimmel. Patogenanalysene identifiserte Botrytis, Fusarium, Serratia, Pseudomonas og Peronospora som mest fremtredende. Mikrofloraen var påvirket av vær, dyrker og tidspunkt. Groing innvendig økte etter pakking og var mest utbredt i Østfold og Vestfold, knyttet til høyere temperaturer i vekstsesongen.
Sammendrag
Vekstsesongen 2025 ble preget av store kontraster i temperatur og nedbør. Vinteren var uvanlig varm og våt i nord, mens våren ble den nest varmeste som er registrert i Norge, med rekordtidlig vekststart i store deler av landet. Sør- og Østlandet opplevde en svært tørr vår, mens Vestlandet og Trøndelag hadde ekstremt mye nedbør. Sommeren startet med normale temperaturer, men varierte nedbørsmengder, før juli ble varm og tørr i nesten hele landet. August og september bød på nye rekorder, med ekstrem varme i nord og store regionale forskjeller i nedbør. Disse forholdene påvirket både vekststart, avlingsutvikling og høstetidspunkt for flere kulturer.
Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Charlotte Møller Pieter De Frenne J. Mason Heberling Jesse Bellemare Jörg Brunet Hans Henrik Bruun Jacques Cayouette Guillaume Decocq Martin Diekmann Božo Frajman Jenny Hagenblad Per‐Ola Hedwall Bonnie L. Isaac Aino Kalske Jonathan Lenoir Jaan Liira Martí March‐Salas Anne Muola Anna Orczewska Federico Selvi Brandon Wheeler Marcel Sieck Hagen von Klopotek J. F. ScheepensSammendrag
Aim Widespread species encounter a range of variable climates that can lead to intraspecific trait clines. Such clines can be the result of phenotypic plasticity, genetic differences, or both. Although latitude often explains a large part of trait variation, it is crucial to investigate the underlying environmental variables to understand current and future trait responses. Cross‐continental comparisons of species that are native on multiple continents provide a rarely used approach that can help identify the environmental drivers of intraspecific trait clines. Location Europe and North America. Time Period 2021–2023. Major Taxa Studied Milium effusum L. (Poaceae). Methods To quantify the influence of environmental gradients on functional traits across geographical regions that vary in climate, we sampled M. effusum seeds from 23 European and 14 North American populations and transplanted them in a common garden. We measured 10 vegetative, reproductive, and phenological traits. We used 30‐year averages of 19 bioclimatic variables, while accounting for the latitudinal and elevational position of the population origins, to compare the trait‐environment relationships between continents. Results Our results showed that European populations occupy a broader climatic range than North American populations. Differences between continents were found in most of the traits as well as in the multivariate trait space. The traits were affected more by bioclimatic variables than by latitude or elevation. While flowering, leaf thickness, specific leaf area, and reproductive height showed parallel clines to the environment between continents, vegetative height and biomass showed contrasting clines. Main Conclusions Environmental influences from population origins revealed parallel clines between the continents for functional traits, suggesting shared selective pressures, while contrasting clines for plant size indicated different evolutionary trajectories, potential bottlenecks, or interactions with unknown ecological factors. This study highlights the complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and evolutionary factors in shaping phenotypic variation in native species across continents.
Forfattere
Kateřina Hamouzová Pavlína Košnarová Madhab Kumar Sen Soham Bhattacharya Michaela Kolářová Lena Ulber Dagmar Rissel Björn Ringselle Wiktoria Kaczmarek-Derda Pavel Hamouz Josef SoukupSammendrag
Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Sch. Bip. is a widespread weed in cereal production systems across Europe and has evolved resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS)‐inhibiting herbicides in several Northern and Central European countries. This study identified and characterised resistance to the ALS‐inhibiting herbicides tribenuron‐methyl and florasulam in eight populations of T. inodorum from the Czech Republic, Germany, Norway and Sweden. The two Czech populations, with Pro‐197‐Gln + Pro‐197‐Ala substitutions in one population (CZ1) and a Pro‐197‐Thr substitution in the second population (CZ2), differed in their response to tribenuron‐methyl: CZ1 showed low resistance (resistance factor, RF: 5.2), while CZ2 exhibited high resistance (RF: > 53). However, both showed similar and low resistance to florasulam (RF: 2.5 and 3.9, respectively). The two German populations also showed contrasting responses: one population, with a Pro‐197‐Leu substitution, exhibited low resistance to both ALS inhibitors (RF: 2.8 for tribenuron‐methyl and 3.3 for florasulam), whereas the other population, with a Pro‐197‐Thr substitution, displayed high resistance to both herbicides (RF: > 53 and 12.9, respectively). Norwegian populations with a Pro‐197‐Tyr substitution and Swedish populations with Pro‐197‐Thr or Pro‐197‐Gln substitutions exhibited high resistance to tribenuron‐methyl (RF: 15.2–> 53), but only low resistance to florasulam (RF: 2.5–4.8). Geographic patterns in substitution types were evident, with Nordic populations predominantly exhibiting polar substitutions and Central European populations showing a mix of polar and non‐polar substitutions, suggesting divergent resistance evolution pathways. Notably, except for the Pro197Gln mutation, all other identified mutations have not been previously reported in T. inodorum . Overall, these results highlight the need for region‐specific resistance management strategies.
Forfattere
Wiktoria Kaczmarek-DerdaSammendrag
Bekjempelse av fremmede plantearter i grøntanlegg. Hva fungerer egentlig?
Forfattere
Zahra BitarafanSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Terje Christensen Are Røysamb Ulrike Bayr Dieu Tien Bui Guðrún Helgadóttir Nina Johansen Joern Klein Mieke Cornelia Louwe Randi Mork Kyung Binn Noh Stefanie Reinhardt Trude Eid Robsahm Kristin Helen Roll Øyvind Steifetten Per Strömberg Gry Tengmark Østenstad Veronika ZaikinaSammendrag
Abstract Energy-efficient lighting solutions, while beneficial for reducing energy consumption, also pose challenges in terms of light pollution. Light pollution, defined as excessive or misdirected artificial light, has become a significant environmental issue globally. This perspective paper explores the extent, effects, and knowledge gaps related to light pollution, with a focus on its impact on human health, ecosystems, and energy consumption. This study focuses on Norway, a country that is particularly relevant for studying light pollution due to its far northern location. At high latitudes, the variation in natural light is larger over the year than at lower latitudes. Therefore, a Nordic perspective is valuable to present knowledge about effects of artificial lighting under these conditions. Under the midnight sun, minimal additional outdoor lighting is required, whereas during the winter season, outdoor lighting may be utilised continuously. The paper synthesizes findings from various studies, highlighting the rapid increase in light pollution due to urbanisation, infrastructure development, and the widespread adoption of LED technology. Human health effects include alterations of circadian rhythms, increased risk of accidents, and potential links to serious diseases such as cancer. Ecosystem impacts are profound, affecting a number of species i.e., within insects and bats, and may lead to for instance disturbances in navigation and circadian rhythms, habitat fragmentation, and altered predator–prey dynamics. This article identifies significant knowledge gaps, particularly in the measurement of light pollution, understanding its health effects, and its impact on various species. Recommendations for future research and policy development are provided, emphasising the need for interdisciplinary approaches to mitigate the adverse effects of light pollution and promote sustainable lighting practices.
Sammendrag
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