Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2024
Forfattere
Nina Trandem Olle Anderbrant Glenn P. Svensson Christer Löfstedt Elisabeth Ôberg Ann-Kristin Isaksson Hanh Huynh Kimmo Rumpunen Line Beate Lersveen Sigrid Mogan Gunda Thöming Marja RantanenSammendrag
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Forfattere
May Bente BrurbergSammendrag
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Sammendrag
Female flowering and cone production took place in three Norway spruce progeny tests at ages 17 and 20 years, each planted with full-sib families from a half diallel. The number of cones on individual trees were scored in five classes. More than 50 % of the trees produced cones, and a considerable variation was found among families for the ability to produce cones (precocity) and for the number of clones scored in classes (fruitfulness). Both traits were strongly related to tree heights and diameters at the individual and at the family level. In general, tall trees produced the highest number of cones. However, some families produced many cones even if their average heights were low. In two of the half diallels, estimates of GCA variance components for the number of cones produced had twice the value of the SCA component, indicating additive genetic inheritance of cone production. Heritability estimates of cone scores were 0.10, 0.17 and 0.23, and the genetic correlations between cone production and tree heights were 0.40, 0.50 and 0.35 in the three half-diallels, respectively.
Sammendrag
Semi-natural grasslands are amongst the most species-rich habitats in Scandinavia and elsewhere in Europe. However, the ecological values of these habitats are threatened, by intensification of agriculture in some areas and by abandonment in others. A key question is whether current measures aiming to protect this biodiversity in Norway are in fact successful. We evaluated, in the field, the condition of 55 localities of semi-natural pastures and hay meadows recorded in the Norwegian nature database, Naturbase. We found that only 20 localities (36%) were receiving the agri-environmental subsidies for which they were all eligible. All but one of the localities receiving the subsidies were in fair to good condition, compared with just 41% of the localities that did not receive subsidies. However, only four the 16 most valuable localities, those classed as nationally important, received agri-environmental subsidies. Through a questionnaire to landowners, we found that many were not aware of the biodiversity value on their properties. Of 33 respondents, 20 (61%) knew that they had these valuable ecosystems on their property, whilst 13 (39%) did not. Further, twenty respondents were not aware that they were eligible for financial support to maintain their species-rich grasslands. We conclude that to achieve long-term conservation in habitats dependent on management, it is essential to improve dialogue with landowners.
Forfattere
Jaime Puértolas Pedro Villar-Salvador Enrique Andivia Ishita Ahuja Claudia Cocozza Branislav Cvjetković Jovana Devetaković Julio J. Diez Inger Sundheim Fløistad Petros Ganatsas Barbara Mariotti Marianthi Tsakaldimi Alberto Vilagrosa Johanna Witzell Vladan IvetićSammendrag
Drought hardening is a nursery technique aimed to enhance early forest plantation establishment under dry conditions, which is a main limiting factors for plantation success. However, the quantitative effectiveness of drought hardening remains unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the influence of different factors in the effectiveness of drought hardening on seedling post-planting survival and growth. Overall, drought hardening did not significantly affect survival or growth, as several factors induced great heterogeneity, but analyses of those factors explained its effectiveness, especially on survival. A longer time between hardening and transplanting strongly reduced survival. Indoor-grown seedlings did not benefit more from hardening than outdoor-grown seedlings. Evaluations of drought hardening effectiveness in pots showed positive effects on survival but negative effects on growth, while no effects were found in large bed experiments. In field experiments, hardening significantly increased survival and growth with site aridity. Survival benefits were independent of species drought tolerance, measured by osmotic potential at the turgor loss point (πtlp), in moderate to high aridity sites. However, in low aridity sites, hardening increased survival in drought-tolerant species but decreased it in drought-intolerant species. Field results showed that hardening benefited shrubs more than trees in angiosperms. In conclusion, drought hardening at the end of nursery cultivation tend to increase post-planting seedling performance particularly in scenarios limiting post-planting root growth such as in arid climates and pot experiments. Our findings highlight the importance of future research on modelling the interaction between these technical features and species water use strategies..
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Forfattere
Jorunn Børve Katharina Pampus Tuuli Haikonen Andrea Podavkova Gaute Myren Roland W. S. WeberSammendrag
Ascospores discharged at rainfall and dispersed by wind can provide long-distance spread of the European canker fungus, Neonectria ditissima. Ascospores are produced by perithecia which are the sexual reproductive stage. Diffuse knowledge exists on the seasonal pattern of perithecium formation under different climatic conditions. Therefore, the development of perithecia was observed for several successive seasons at five sites in three Northern European countries. In Norway and Finland, ripe perithecia were commonly recorded throughout the year, and on individual cankers continuously for up to 28 months. In contrast, asexual reproductive structures (sporodochia) were confined to the growing season in both countries. In Northern Germany an average of 51% of cankers developed ripe perithecia by late winter, and perithecial senescence ensued in late spring. On average, ripe perithecia were present on cankers for 22 weeks. In contrast, sporodochia were observed all year round. The timing of perithecium maturation correlated with the number of days with > 2 mm rainfall in July–September. The presence of mature perithecia and sporodochia for different lengths of time in different countries has implications for regional disease management strategies.
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Sommeren 2023 utlyste Vestfold og Telemark fylkeskommune, sammen daværende Viken fylkeskommune, en tilbudskonkurranse om å utarbeide en digital kartløsning som synliggjør naturlige økosystemtjenester. Kartløsningen er laget for kommunene Sandefjord, Larvik, Porsgrunn, Skien, Notodden, Nome, Ringerike, Aurskog-Høland, Rælingen og Moss. Hensikt med oppdraget er å se klimagassutslipp, klimatilpasning og naturmangfold i sammenheng for å styrke betydningen av grønnstruktur og økosystemer i arealbruksvurderinger. NIBIO har laget en rekke temakart som synliggjør økosystemtjenestene. Denne rapporten gjør rede for temakartene, datagrunnlaget og bruksmåter.
Forfattere
Therese With Berge Jiangsan Zhao Jakob Geipel El Houssein Chouaib Harik Malin Larsen Græsdahl Marit HelgheimSammendrag
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