Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2024
Forfattere
Ruben Alexander PettersenSammendrag
Fairly little is known about the river-stationary fish stocks within the Mauken-Blåtind shooting and practice fields area. The military have used the area since the mid-50s. The study shows that the in-digenous trout population in Mårelva is in a very poor ecological condition. A compilation of reports from previous years conducted in the anadromous part of the same river shows that seatrout and salmon stocks also are in very poor ecological condition. This has persisted since the 70s. The reason is not known. During fieldwork fine particulate matter that probably came from road dust and runoff from roads was observed in the river sediments. Roads can act as transport routes for surface water and erosion to waterbodies. A 51 km road network is within Mårelva catchment area, in comparison to a 10 km long river. Bjelma has its catchment area at Camp Akkasæter where a new camp area is being constructed. After a sediment pond was destroyed during a spring flood in 2023, Bjelma seems to have received a large load of sedimented particles. Here, however, benthic animals are in good eco-logical condition. Skarelva is a tributary watercourse to Mårelva in where the watercourse is charac-terized by large rocks and wire currents and migration barriers. No fish were found here which seems natural to this watercourse. Here, benthic fauna is in a good ecological condition, as are the water chemical support parameters. At the anadromous part of Mårelva, the density of salmonids was in good ecological condition in a small area. Previous extensive research shows the salmonids is in a very poor ecological condition. The spring samples of benthic fauna were in a good ecological condition, but the autumn samples were in a moderate ecological condition.
Sammendrag
Renseanlegg behandler sigevannet fra Bølstad avfallsdeponi i en luftet lagune etterfulgt av sedimentering før utslipp til Bølstadbekken. Rapporten beskriver analysedata fra utslippskontroll og driftserfaringer fra 2023. Midlere vannføring i 2023 er målt til 99 mP3P/døgn i gjennomsnitt, totalt 36305 mP3P som er nær et gjennomsnitt for de siste 10 årene. Sigevannet fra Bølstad har generelt lave konsentrasjoner i forhold til den aktiv perioden, typisk for mange norske deponier i etterdriftsfasen. Krav til årlig middelkonsentrasjon (mg/liter) tilfredsstilles for alle parametere. Årlig utslippsmengde (kg/år) for ammonium-N, tot-N, jern, fosfor og KOF tilfredsstilles. Renseeffekt (%) tilfredsstilles med god margin både for jern og ammonium-N. Nivåene for tungmetallkonsentrasjoner ligger lavt og generelt under terskelverdier. Innholdet av undersøkte organiske miljøgifter er lavt, men det er påvist PFAS forbindelser, også etter rensing. Det er ikke påvist giftighet i utslippsvannet. Overvannet fra miljøstasjonen, som i dag ledes direkte til Bølstadbekken, er forurenset. Foruten åpne konteinere med sortert avfall kan det også forventes avrenning fra arealer med lagring av park/hageavfall og rankekompostering med jordproduksjon. Avbøtende tiltak bør vurderes i forhold til videre drift av miljøstasjonen og jordproduksjonsanlegget på tidligere deponi. Grunnvannet fra en fjellbrønn i utkanten av deponiet, som benyttes på miljøstasjonen til vasking av utstyr, er påvirket av sigevann. NIBIO anbefaler at driftsoppfølging og miljøovervåkingsprogrammet videreføres i 2024 med noen mindre justeringer.
Sammendrag
Potential climate change impacts on water resources have been extensively assessed in Norway due to substantial changes in climate in the recent decades. However, the combined and isolated effects of forest and forest management have been rarely considered in the climate impact studies in Norway although about 38% of the land area is covered by forest. This study aims to improve hydrological impact projections in forest dominant catchments by considering the effects of forest growth and management and to attribute hydrological changes to climate and forest changes. The eco-hydrological model SWIM (Soil and Water Integrated Model) was applied to simulate hydrological processes and extremes for two micro-scale, two meso-scale and two macro-scale catchments, accounting for the effects of spatial scale. The climate projections were generated by three EURO-CORDEX (Coordinated Downscaling Experiment for the European domain) regional climate models (RCMs) for two RCPs (Representative Concentration Pathways, RCP2.6 and RCP4.5) and were bias corrected using the quantile-mapping method. Forest development over time was simulated as a function of climate determining growth and SSP-dependent harvest levels determining wood outtake. The simulations were initialized with the forest status of the year 2020 and different forest types are distinguished according to structural characteristics represented by three key parameters: leaf area index, mean tree height and surface albedo. Preliminary simulation results show that there are minor changes (within ±5%) in hydrological processes under the combinations of the climate and forest scenarios for these catchments. Climate change is the major driver of hydrological change at the catchment scale whereas forest development mainly influences the spatial distribution of the hydrological fluxes. The results further indicate that forest growth under a warming climate helps to reduce the risk of the floods and drought slightly by reducing surface runoff in wet periods and increasing base flow in dry periods, respectively.
Forfattere
Virve Ravolainen Ingrid Marie Garfelt Paulsen Isabell Eischeid Jennifer Sorensen Forbey Eva Fuglei Tomás Hájek Brage Bremset Hansen Leif Egil Loe Petr Macek Jesper Madsen Eeva M Soininen James David Mervyn Speed Audun Stien Hans Tømmervik Åshild Ønvik PedersenSammendrag
Herbivores play a crucial role in shaping tundra ecosystems through their effects on vegetation, nutrient cycling, and soil abiotic factors. Understanding their habitat use, co-occurrence, and overlap is therefore essential for informing ecosystem-based management and conservation. In the High Arctic, only a marginal proportion of the land area is vegetated, and climate change is impacting herbivore population sizes and their habitats. In this study, we assessed the spatial habitat overlap of a vertebrate herbivore community based on: 1) regional predictive summer habitat suitability models for the resident Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus), resident Svalbard rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta hyperborea), and the migratory pink-footed goose (Anser brachyrhynchus), and 2) presence of fecal pellets, reflecting the annual habitat use of reindeer, ptarmigan, and geese, including the pink-footed goose and barnacle goose (Branta leucopsis). Our findings revealed that only small proportions of the available land cover (~ 12516 km2; all land area excluding glaciers and freshwater) are suitable for each of the species (habitat suitability [HS] > 0.5): reindeer (22%), ptarmigan (11%), and pink-footed goose (4%). Overlapping suitable habitat [HS > 0.5] for reindeer and goose accounted for only 3% of the total vegetated area (~ 8848 km2) and was primarily found in heath and moist habitats dominated by mosses, graminoids, and herbaceous plants. The overlapping suitable habitat for reindeer and ptarmigan covered 8% of the vegetated area, predominantly in higher elevation ridges with vegetation on drier substrates. The shared habitat for ptarmigan and goose, and all three species of herbivores, was less than 1% of the vegetated area. Additionally, an assessment of fecal pellets suggested that the highest overlap in habitat use among reindeer and goose occurred in bird cliff moss tundra, followed by moss tundra and heath habitats. The small proportion of the vegetated area suitable for all three herbivores indicates a high degree of habitat differentiation. Therefore, different habitats need to be considered for the management and conservation of resident and migratory herbivore species in this High Arctic Archipelago. Moreover, our results underscore the importance of the small but productive parts of the landscape that were used by all herbivores. Goose, habitat suitability, management, ptarmigan, reindeer
Sammendrag
Norsk institutt for bioøkonomi utførte sommaren 2023 ei synfaring i eit inngjerda beiteområde i Gol kommune og Hemsedal kommune. Samla inngjerda areal er 48 km². Heile arealet er tidlegare vegetasjonskartlagt, og det er utifrå vegetasjonskarta laga ei beitekapasitetsberekning for det inngjerda området. Rapporten omtalar òg beitedyra sin bruk av området, på bakgrunn av innsamla data frå radiobjøllar. Det er gjeve ei vurdering av tilstanden til beitevegetasjonen, samt nokre råd kring skjøtsel av beiteområdet og beitebruk.
Forfattere
An Notenbaert Kalkidan Mulatu Ayele Shimelis Gizachew Raji Bimrew Asmare Caroline Brophy Peter Dörsch Niklas Wickander Wuletawu Abera Mohammed Ebrahim Solomon Mwendia Marit JørgensenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
I Sør-Norge er elgbestanden og antall felte elger sterkt redusert de siste 20-30 årene, samtidig som vekt og rekruttering fortsatt går ned. Men hvorfor har hjorten samtidig blitt vanligere i elgområdene, uten tilsvarende nedgang i vekt og rekruttering?
Sammendrag
Avlingsutvikling i søtkirsebær har vore positiv dei siste åra. Ulike dyrkingsformer, dekkesystem mot nedbør og nye yte-rike sortar er nokre av årsakene til avlingsframgang. I prosjektet er det gjort registreringar på felt hos dyrkarar og hos NIBIO Særheim og NIBIO Ullensvang.
Forfattere
Palingamoorthy Gnanamoorthy Junbin Zhao Abhishek Chakraborty Pramit Kumar Deb Burman Yaoliang Chen Linjie Jiao Jing Zhang Yaqi Liu Sigamani Sivaraj Yiping Zhang Qinghai SongSammendrag
Study region: The Ailaoshan National Nature Reserve forest is a mountainous water catchment area for the Lancang River basin and a subtropical ecological conservation area in southwest China. Study focus: The study aimed to understand how water fluxes in a subtropical forest responds to extreme weather disturbances and their recoveries in the post-damage years. We used eddy covariance data (2010–2019) to investigate the evapotranspiration (ET), transpiration (T), evaporation (E), and canopy conductance (Gc) before and after an extreme snow event in 2015. New Hydrological Insights: In the snow damage year, the leaf area index (LAI) decreased by 49 % compared to the pre-damage levels. The severe vegetation damage caused a significant decrease in ET, T, E, and Gc by 35 %, 36 %, 23 %, and 33 %, respectively, compared to the pre-damage levels. T returned to its pre-damage level in 2016, one year after the snow damage. In contrast, LAI, ET, E and Gc recovered to their pre-damage levels in 2018, four years after the initial damage. Reduced ET caused a strong positive RFET, which diminished forest evaporative cooling and resilience. Our results suggest that the delayed E recovery enables water reserves in the ecosystems to be used through T to support rapid understory vegetation growth. This mechanism plays critical in bolstering ecosystem resilience as it facilitates swift recovery following disturbances in subtropical forests.