Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2025
Sammendrag
Research Highlights The microbial community applied with the digestate accelerated methane formation. CO2 emission was higher under waterlogging than at field capacity in soil with low organic content. Waterlogging decreased methane emission in unamended soil. Only digestate where some methane potential was left induced high methane emission. Methanogens and methanotrophs abundances dynamics partly explain emission patterns.
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Quentin Lardy Haldis Kismul Shelemia Nyamuryekung'e Jorid Sandvik Mårten Hetta Mohammad Ramin Vibeke LindSammendrag
Comparative studies between pasture-based dairy production and indoor confinement-based production have demonstrated that including pasture in the diet reduces enteric methane emissions. However, the effects of seasonal access to pasture, where animals are allowed outdoors only during parts of the year, have been less extensively studied. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of providing dairy cows with voluntary access to a production pasture compared with an exercise pasture on their performance and enteric methane emission. Thirty-two lactating Norwegian Red dairy cows, averaging 158 DIM, were divided into 2 groups and used in a changeover experimental design. The treatments included cows given 24-h access to either a production pasture (providing at least 50% of cows' daily DMI) with unlimited fresh grass and restricted indoor feeding, or ad libitum indoor feeding of silage with access to an exercise pasture with no expected herbage intake. Each changeover period included 2 wk of adaptation followed by 2 wk of recording, during which both treatments were fed the same grass silage and concentrates. Milk yield was recorded using an automatic milking unit, and indoor feed intake was recorded using access-controlled feed troughs and concentrate feeders. Enteric methane emissions were monitored using 2 GreenFeed emission monitoring systems: one positioned indoors, and one positioned outdoors adjacent to the production pasture. Cows on production pasture exhibited a lower milking frequency and reduced milk yield compared with cows on exercise pasture. However, cows on production pasture compensated for the lower milk yield by increased concentration of milk solids, suggesting that including a significant amount of pasture in the diet of dairy cows may not compromise energy-corrected milk production. Additionally, cows in the production pasture had significantly lower enteric methane emissions compared with cows in the exercise pasture. In conclusion, incorporating pasture into the diets of dairy cows, even if only for part of the year, has the potential to reduce the carbon footprint of dairy production.
Forfattere
Vibeke LindSammendrag
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Forfattere
Vibeke LindSammendrag
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Forfattere
Marta VergarecheaSammendrag
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Forfattere
Qiang Liu Mahmoud Mazarji Yeqing Li Lu Feng Hongjun Zhou Quan Xu Alastair James Ward Yajing Wang Jianping Su Chunming Xu Junting PanSammendrag
Humic acid (HA) is an inhibitor that can diminish bioconversion during anaerobic digestion (AD). In this study, a non-metallic nanomaterial, N-doped carbon quantum dots (NCQD), was synthesized to alleviate the HA inhibition, followed by exploring its mechanism. Adding 500 mg/L NCQD prevented HA inhibition by binding to HA or microorganism surfaces, thus avoiding contact between them. This phenomenon, known as shielding inhibition, involves the formation of hydrogen bonds and chemical bonds. The intermolecular force and dissociation constant (KD) between NCQD and HA were determined to be 112.83 ±3.98 nN and 1.0 ±0.07 ×10 7 M, respectively. NCQD could promote electron transfer in AD systems. According to the in-depth microbial analysis, NCQD significantly enhanced the metabolic pathways of methanogenesis and biosynthesis of coenzyme F420. This groundbreaking research demonstrates the dual functionality of NCQD by effectively shielding against HA inhibition and promoting electron transfer. The study also unravels the mechanism of interface interaction, electron transfer, and metabolic pathways, leading to significant breakthroughs in addressing HA inhibition.
Forfattere
Michel VerheulSammendrag
To document effects of High-Pressure-Sodium (HPS) and Light-Emitting Diodes (LED) lamps, six different cucumber cultivars (‘DeeRect’, ‘HiLight’, ‘Imea’, ‘Keirin’, ‘Shakira’ and ‘Topvision’) were grown hydroponically in a semi-commercial greenhouse compartment using standard HPS or LED supplemental top-light from December to March. A PPFD of 240 µmol m-2s-1, 20h a day, was used for both lamp types. In addition, plants were grown with or without LED inter-lighting (45 µmol m-2s-1, 20h a day). Global radiation during the experiment was less than 1.5 MJ m-2day-1. Setpoints for day and night temperatures were 24 and 21 oC respectively. CO2 concentration in the greenhouse was kept at 1100 ppm. Morphological traits (stem length, leaf area, leaf thickness, dry weights), yield (fruit fresh weight and number of fruits) as well as quality parameters were registered. Results show that the use of LED top-light reduced yield considerably compared to HPS top-light, mainly due to a reduction in the number of 1st class fruits harvested. Plants grown using HPS top-light were longer, had more internodes, a higher fruit weight, bigger leaf area and leaf area index (LAI) and ‘thinner’ leaves compared to plants grown using LED top-light. Light use efficiency (g FW mol PAR-1) was highest using HPS or a combination of HPS and LED inter-light and lowest using LED combined with LED inter-lighting, especially at the start of the harvesting period. Huge differences in yield reduction between different cultivars were observed. LED top light reduced the yield of ‘DeeRect’ with 35% and of ‘HiLight’ with 5% compared to HPS top light. Little differences in quality traits were observed between cultivars grown under HPS or LED lamps. However, inter lighting increased fruit weight and fruit quality (color, dry matter content, soluble solid content, chlorophyll content, vitamin C content and storage properties). Causes of differences between lamp types and effects on commercial greenhouse cucumber production in Norway are discussed.
Forfattere
Michel VerheulSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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