Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2026
Sammendrag
Are ecological scaling relationships stable through time, or can shifting parameters signal “quiet” community reorganization before diversity loss becomes evident? Using a century-long resurvey of subalpine and alpine vegetation along an elevational gradient in Norway, we tested whether key scaling relationships linking (I) spatial extent to diversity, (II) elevational distance to compositional and functional dissimilarity, and (III) species commonness to occupancy have remained stable through time. In 2008 and 2022, we resurveyed semi-permanent plots in central Norway first sampled in 1923–1933 along 995–1495 m.a.s.l., aggregating plots into 50-m elevational belts. We quantified spatial scaling of diversity with area, community differences across elevation, and relationships linked to species commonness and occupancy. Scaling relationships revealed a reorganization that is not captured by richness alone. Large-scale community structuring across elevation remained remarkably stable over the past century, with largely unchanged species– area relationships, beta and zeta diversity, and abundance–occupancy relationships. Despite this, absolute dissimilarity across elevational belts declined with beta diversity increasingly driven by species turnover while the nestedness component weakened. Communities also became progressively characterised by more widespread, common species and a more even abundance distribution, in addition to a convergence of ecological preferences. While the elevational gradient has not collapsed into a uniform assemblage, key scaling parameters within the gradient have shifted. These changes suggest a gradual compositional and functional reorganization of the vegetation that might for now maintain ecosystem functioning through dominant generalists, while quietly eroding long-term ecosystem resilience through species losses.
Forfattere
Jonathan R. Potts Luca Börger Marlee A. Tucker Federico Ossi Scott W. Yanco Diego Ellis‐Soto Thomas Müller Ruth Y. Oliver Mario H. Alves Walter Arnold Nina Attias Guillaume Bastille‐Rousseau Jerrold L. Belant J. David Blount Dean E. Beyer Francesca Cagnacci Simon Chamaillé‐Jammes Aung N. Chan Eric K. Cole Jessica S. Cornils Rogerio Cunha de Paula Vickie DeNicola Arnaud L. J. Desbiez Sarah R. Dewey David Drake Michael Egan Jasper A. J. Eikelboom Morgan Farmer Mathieu Garel Jacob R. Goheen Hans Peter Hansen Lars Haugaard Mark Hebblewhite Morten Heim Miloš Ježek Lilla Jordán Douglas N. Kamaru Miha Krofel Tayler N. LaSharr Peter Leimgruber Anne Loison Ryan A. Long Matthias‐Claudio Loretto Pascal Marchand Erling Meisingset Joerg Melzheimer Kevin L. Monteith John J. Morgan Rasmus M. Mortensen Rebekka Mueller Atle Mysterud Astrid Olejarz Teresa Oliveira Manuela Panzacchi Ruben Portas Hubert Potočnik Herbert H. T. Prins Laura R. Prugh Nathan Ranc Ralf Roeder Christer Moe Rolandsen Çağan Şekercioğlu Aldin Selimovic Rachel Smiley Erling Johan Solberg Olav Strand Peter Sunde Carole Toïgo Bram Van Moorter Tana L. Verzuh Bettina Wachter Brittany L. Wagler Jesse Whittington Christopher C. Wilmers George Wittemyer Christian RutzSammendrag
Anthropogenic land conversion is putting increasing pressure on wildlife populations around the world. To mitigate impacts, it is necessary to develop a detailed mechanistic understanding of how animals are affected by different types of human activity. A key challenge is to disentangle the effects of static infrastructure, like roads or buildings, and the presence of humans in the landscape. To address this question, we examined if terrestrial mammals altered their movement behaviour around buildings in response to reduced human mobility during COVID‐19 lockdowns. We compiled GPS tracking data from 35 study sites across five continents, for 10 carnivore species and 13 herbivore species, totalling >1 million location records from 586 individuals. For each study, we used integrated step selection analysis to test the extent to which animals changed their avoidance of buildings as lockdown took effect, leveraging the recently released Microsoft MLBuildings dataset of global building locations. Analysis of population‐level effects revealed that, in areas with high Human Footprint Index (HFI), animals tended to show a significant reduction in their avoidance of buildings during lockdown, but not in low HFI areas. No such trend was detected during equivalent periods in years other than 2020, indicating that behavioural changes were a result of reduced human mobility during lockdowns. Overall, our findings suggest that animals living alongside humans exhibit greater plasticity when people change their behaviour, likely indicating the combined effects of environmental filtering and habituation. More generally, our study provides a critical first step towards developing evidence‐based tools for forecasting how wildlife movement behaviour may change in response to different land‐use strategies, human activities, conservation interventions or environmental perturbations.
Sammendrag
In modern agricultural landscapes, «the green in between» plays a crucial role in supporting the survival of many plant and animal species. These areas include field margins, grassy banks between fields, mid-field islands of uncultivated vegetation, rocky outcrops, fallow land, and other patches of unused ground. We surveyed vascular plant species in these green spaces and compared the results with a similar survey conducted 18 years earlier. Our findings reveal a general decline in species richness, including many plants important for pollinators. Nevertheless, numerous green patches remain species-rich and continue to provide valuable resources for pollinators. Among these, road verges stood out as the most diverse. This suggests that active management of the green in between—such as removing invasive species and implementing regular mowing to maintain flower-rich patches—could significantly enhance its value for wildlife and biodiversity conservation.
Sammendrag
Rapporten sammenfatter resultater fra utredningsprosjektet «Jordbruk og karbonhandel – kunnskapsstatus og mulige konsekvenser». Formålet med denne utredningen har vært å belyse hvilke muligheter og begrensninger som ligger i salg av karbonkreditter for norske bønder samt å sammenstille og tilgjengeliggjøre informasjon om det frivillige karbonmarkedet og EUs frivillige rammeverk for sertifisering av karbonfjerning. Utredningen er finansiert av midler til klima- og miljøtiltak (KMP).
Forfattere
Aksel Granhus Ulrika Jansson Asplund Tone Birkemoe Jostein Gohli Kjersti Holt Hanssen Rannveig Margrete Jacobsen Christian Wilhelm Mohr Jenni Nordén Line Nybakken Jørund Rolstad Per Kr. Rørstad Ignacio Sevillano Ken Olaf Storaunet Gunnhild SøgaardSammendrag
Denne rapporten er utarbeidet på oppdrag for Miljødirektoratet og Landbruksdirektoratet. Formålet med arbeidet har vært å gi et oppdatert og helhetlig kunnskapsgrunnlag om hvordan tiltak i skogforvaltningen kan innrettes for å bidra til både økt opptak og redusert utslipp av klimagasser, samt opprettholde eller forbedre økologisk tilstand i skog. Rapporten sammenstiller eksisterende kunnskap, framskrivinger og ekspertvurderinger om hvordan tiltak kan innrettes for å oppnå best mulig effekt og redusere målkonflikter. Oppdraget har vært et samarbeid mellon Norsk institutt for bioøkonomi (NIBIO), Norsk institutt for naturforskning (NINA) og Norges miljø- og biovitenskapelige universitet (NMBU). Et utvidet sammendrag med de viktigste funn og konklusjoner er gjengitt som eget kapittel.
Forfattere
Katrin Zimmer Ulf Lemke Irena Fundova Henrik Heräjärvi Mateusz Liziniewicz Marlene Cramer Stefanie Wieland Lukas Emmerich Thomas Uibel Anti Rohumaa Heikki Korpunen Grace Jones Ekaterina Nikolskaya Tom Jansen Anneli Adler Tom Mortelmans Ian Short Vincent Defays Karol TomczakSammendrag
Birch is the third most abundant tree species in northern Europe and the Baltic region, but remains underutilized in several countries despite wood properties that support a broad range of applications, including pulp, veneer, plywood, furniture, flooring, joinery, and potentially structural products. Constraints on higher-value utilization include insufficient logistics for sorting and transport, the lack of standardized grading methods, and limited data infrastructure for systematic quality assessment across supply chains. The Nordic Forest Research (SNS) network VALUE:BIRCH was established to examine these constraints through transnational collaboration among researchers, industry actors, and students across northern Europe. In 2025 and 2026, the network held workshops in Borås, Sweden, and North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, with emphasis on strength properties, grading, and quality assessment of birch wood. The activities integrated technical presentations, laboratory and field visits, and student contributions, enabling comparison of birch value chains across countries with differing levels of industrial development. The network identified shared technical and organizational bottlenecks related to birch silviculture and management, grading, mobilization, and market formation, while also strengthening inter-institutional co-creation and collaboration. The results indicate that coordinated work on grading systems, quality data, logistics, and market development is essential to support more efficient and value-adapted utilization of birch.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Broadleaved tree species from Norwegian forests are a valuable raw material if this resource can be utilized effectively. Broadleaved tree species make for approximately one fourth of the total standing volume in Norway today. This paper provides detailed data on standing volume and annual volume increment of ash (Fraxinus excelsior), oak Quercus robur og Q. petrea), silver birch (Betula pendula), downy birch (Betula pubescens), aspen (Populus tremula), grey alder (Alnus incana), and black alder (Alnus glutinosa) in Norway, and give their distribution across the regions of Eastern Norway, Southern Norway, Western Norway, Trøndelag, and Northern Norway. Information on stand age, site quality, and diameter distribution will be provided.
Sammendrag
Birch has regained interest in Norwegian forestry within the last few years, partly to increase the share of broadleaves and tree-species diversity under climate change. However, timber yield and quality assortments from Norwegian birch stands remain largely unknown. We established temporary sample plots in planted and naturally regenerated birch stands on high-quality sites in Eastern Norway and carried out tree measurements to quantify stand-level production. In addition, the first 6 m of each standing tree were subjected to a detailed timber‑quality assessment and subsequently graded accordingly. Volume production in the investigated stands was frequently higher than values reported in birch yield tables from the 1970s and did not differ between planted and naturally regenerated stands. Volume production in the studied birch stands was similar to or higher than for Norway spruce on comparable high-quality sites up to a stand age of about 40 years. Despite the lack of quality-oriented management in most stands, nearly all produced sawlogs and many contained higher-quality assortments. Stand-level sawlog proportion increased with mean tree diameter. While planting and thinning showed no clear relationship with stand-level sawlog proportion, artificial pruning increased the share of higher-quality sawlogs. Overall, productive birch stands in Norway can deliver high yields and meaningful volumes of quality sawlogs.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag