Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2025
Sammendrag
The timing of migration is fundamental for species exploiting seasonally variable environments. For ungulates, earlier spring migration is expected with earlier vegetation green-up. However, other drivers, such as access to agricultural farmland and variation in local conditions, are also known to affect migration. We investigated the timing of spring migration for 96 male and 201 female red deer (Cervus elaphus) using a long-term dataset (2005–2020). Overall, the timing of migration was mainly characterized by large individual variability between and within years (95% range 6 April to 18 June). The spring migration timing was, as expected, later with colder winter and spring conditions (North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) winter and April indices) and later peak vegetation green-up (NDVI), with a five-day delay in green-up causing a migration delay of 1.2 days. Timing was also influenced by local conditions in summer and winter home ranges. Red deer with greater access to farmland and a more variable topography (hence variable plant phenology) in winter delayed migration. Similarly, individuals with higher-elevation summer ranges (with delayed onset of plant growth) also delayed migration. Our analyses highlight that the timing of red deer migration is determined by multiple drivers affecting foraging conditions in the landscape, indicative of considerable phenotypic plasticity.
Forfattere
Berit Marie Blomstrand Stig Milan Thamsborg Håvard Steinshamn Heidi L Enemark Inga Marie Aasen Karl-christian Mahnert Kristin Sørheim Francesca Sheperd Jos Houdijk Spiridoula AthanasiadouSammendrag
Plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) may improve gastrointestinal health by exerting immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and/or antiparasitic effects. Bark extracts from coniferous tree species have previously been shown to reduce the burden of a range of parasite species in the gastrointestinal tract, with condensed tannins as the potential active compounds. In the present study, the impact of an acetone extract of pine bark (Pinus sylvestris) on the resistance, performance and tolerance of genetically diverse mice (Mus musculus) was assessed. Mice able to clear an infection quickly (fast responders, BALB/c) or slowly (slow responders, C57BL/6) were infected orally with 200 infective third-stage larvae (L3) of the parasitic nematode Heligmosomoides bakeri or remained uninfected (dosed with water only). Each infection group of mice was gavaged for 3 consecutive days from day 19 post-infection with either bark extract or dimethyl sulphoxide (5%) as vehicle control. Oral administration of pine bark extract did not have an impact on any of the measured parasitological parameter. It did, however, have a positive impact on the performance of infected, slow-responder mice, through an increase in body weight (BW) and carcase weight and reduced feed intake by BW ratio. Importantly, bark extract administration had a negative impact on the fast responders, by reducing their ability to mediate the impact of parasitism through reducing their performance and tolerance. The results indicate that the impact of PSMs on parasitized hosts is affected by host's genetic susceptibility, with susceptible hosts benefiting more from bark extract administration compared to resistant ones.
Sammendrag
Denne rapporten er skrevet på oppdrag for Jomfruland nasjonalparkstyre og Statsforvalteren i Vestfold og Telemark etter kartlegging av utbredelse og spredningsfare for fremmedarter på Jomfruland. Kartleggingen foregikk over to dager og resulterte i mange funn av fremmedarter på øya. Fremmedarter er globalt en av de største truslene mot biologisk mangfold. Deler av Jomfruland er utvalgt kulturlandskap og nasjonalpark. Øya inneholder store naturverdier knyttet til ulike naturtyper og et stort biologisk mangfold. Spredning av fremmedarter på Jomfruland fra fritidsboliger og private hager, campingplasser, påslag fra sjø m.m er økende. Vi beskriver i denne rapporten funn av registrerte fremmede arter, tiltak samt prioritering av bekjempelse mot de fremmede artene.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Helene StavSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Helene StavSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Helene StavSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Helene StavSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
In 2024, spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) catches decreased in all counties except Telemark, Sør-Trøndelag, and Nordland. The highest catches this year were observed in Telemark and Buskerud. In Telemark, the catches are the highest recorded since the major spruce bark beetle outbreak that started in the mid-1970s. In Buskerud, while catches have declined compared to last year, they remain historically high. In Oppland, the catches have decreased markedly from the record-breaking year of 2023 but remain at moderately high levels. Across Southern Norway, this year’s catches are slightly above the 46-year average. The relatively high catches in Buskerud and Oppland are likely a delayed response to the storm damage in November 2021, as municipalities heavily affected by the storm report especially high catches. Additionally, field reports in 2024 indicate attacks on standing trees in areas with much windfall after the 2021 storm. Many of these damage reports likely pertain to trees attacked by beetles in 2023 or earlier but that are only now showing visible symptoms. The 2024 bark beetle season was characterized by extremely dry and warm weather in May, followed by a very wet summer with normal to slightly below-average temperatures. The warm May weather coincides with the beetles' primary flight period, favoring beetle dispersal and egg-laying. Additionally, the dry conditions in May may have stressed spruce trees, reducing their resistance to beetle attacks. The wet weather later in the summer likely benefited the trees while being sub-optimal for the beetles. Overall, the weather conditions during the 2024 season were probably relatively favorable for the beetles. A temperature-based development model estimate that, by September 17, the spruce bark beetle could have completed two generations near the Oslofjord, along the southern coastline, and in low-lying inland valleys. However, these model results do not necessarily mean that the beetles completed two generations in 2024 but indicate that conditions were warm enough to make it possible.
Sammendrag
NIBIO har på oppdrag fra Landbruks- og matdepartementet (LMD) utredet effekter og kostnader av et utvalg dyrevelferdstiltak. Utredningen har hatt som hovedformål å se på foretaksøkonomiske konsekvenser av nye krav for gris, fjørfe og småfe, og sekundært overordnede vurderinger av de samfunnsøkonomiske konsekvensene av kravene, slik som effekter på dyrevelferd og på måloppnåelse i landbrukspolitikken. Arbeidet har vært utfordrende, da det er mange scenarioer involvert, utgangspunktet for dagens produsenter varierer mye, slik at tilpasning til nye krav vil kunne løses på mange måter. Beregningene som er gjort hviler på rekke forutsetninger og forenklinger. Både de foretaksøkonomiske og de samfunnsøkonomiske utregningene må sees i lys av dette, og bør derfor tolkes med forsiktighet. Å beregne de samfunnsøkonomiske konsekvensene er spesielt krevende, da det ikke finnes gode nok datagrunnlag for å slå fast hvordan dagens produsenter vil løse nye krav innenfor en rekke av mulige tilpasninger. Det er likevel gjort en beregning av de samfunnsøkonomiske konsekvensene, men denne må sees på som en teoretisk beregning som spenner opp et mulig utfallsrom.