Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2019
Forfattere
Marit Almvik Marianne Stenrød Randi Bolli Alice Budai Ingvill Hauso Olaug Bach Steinar Haugse Ole Martin EkloSammendrag
OBJECTIVES • Gain a better understanding of the fate of pesticides in the environment by also screening and detecting their metabolites • Predict and detect pesticide metabolites in soils using high resolution accurate mass (HRAM) tools; Thermo Q Exactive orbitrap and Compound DiscovererTM software. HIGHLIGHTS • We present in silico metabolism simulation to predict fungicide metabolites in soil • We present a screening method for 800 pesticides and metabolites in soil and food, exemplified with soil samples from strawberry field degradation studies (including fluopyram, boscalid and pyraclostrobin and others) • We address the lack of molecular formulas for known metabolites in current databases as an obstacle in establishing HRAM screening methods
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Hanno Sandvik Dag Dolmen Reidar Elven Tone Falkenhaug Elisabet Forsgren Haakon Hansen Kristian Hassel Vivian Husa Gaute Kjærstad Frode Ødegaard Hans Christian Pedersen Halvor Solheim Bård Gunnar Stokke Per Arvid Åsen Sandra Åström Tor Erik Brandrud Hallvard Elven Anders Endrestøl Anders Gravbrøt Finstad Stein Fredriksen Øivind Gammelmo Jan Ove Gjershaug Bjørn Gulliksen Inger Hamnes Bjørn Arild Hatteland Hanne Hegre Trygve Hesthagen Anders Jelmert Thomas C Jensen Stein Ivar Johnsen Egil Karlsbakk Christer Magnusson Kjell Nedreaas Björn Nordén Eivind Oug Oddvar Pedersen Per Anker Pedersen Kjersti Sjøtun Jon Kristian Skei Heidi Solstad Leif Sundheim Jon E Swenson Per Ole Syvertsen Venche Talgø Vigdis Vandvik Kristine B Westergaard Rupert Wienerroither Bjørnar Ytrehus Olga Hilmo Snorre Henriksen Lisbeth GederaasSammendrag
We present the results of an inventory and status assessment of alien species in Norway. The inventory covered all known multicellular neobiota, 2496 in total, 1039 of which were classified as naturalised. The latter constitute c. 3% of all species known to be stably reproducing in Norway. These figures are higher than expected from Norway’s latitude, which may be due a combination of climatic and historical factors, as well as sampling effort. Most of the naturalised neobiota were plants (71%),followed by animals (21%) and fungi (8%). The main habitat types colonised were open lowlands (79%), urban environments (52%) and woodlands (42%). The main areas of origin were Europe (67%), North America (15%) and Asia (13%). For most taxa, the rate of novel introductions seems to have been increasing during recent decades. Within Norway, the number of alien species recorded per county was negatively correlated with latitude and positively correlated with human population density. In the high-Arctic territories under Norwegian sovereignty, i.e. Svalbard and Jan Mayen, 104 alien species were recorded, of which 5 were naturalised.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
The SafeOats project was initiated in 2016. An important objective of this project is to develop resistance screening methods to facilitate the phase-out of Fusarium-susceptible oat germplasm. Furthermore, SafeOats will give new insight into the biology of F. langsethiae and HT2+T2 accumulation in oats, and thus facilitate the choice of relevant control measures. The relative ranking of oat varieties according to F. graminearum/DON versus F. langsethiae/HT2+T2 content has been explored in field and greenhouse trials. In the greenhouse studies, we have analysed the content of Fusarium DNA and mycotoxins in grains of selected oat varieties inoculated at different development stages. Furthermore, we are currently studying the transcriptome during F. langsethiae and F. graminearum infestation of oats. The project also focus on the occurrence of F. langsethiae in oat seeds and possible influence of the fungus on seedling development in a selection of oat varieties. SafeOats is coordinated by NIBIO and is a collaboration between NIBIO, NMBU, Kimen Seed Laboratory, and the main Norwegian and Swedish breeding companies, Graminor and Lantmännen. Harper Adam University (UK) and Julius Kühn-Institute (Germany) are international collaborators. The project is financed by The Foundation for Research Levy on Agricultural Products/Agricultural Agreement Research Fund/Research Council of Norway with support from the industry partners Graminor, Lantmännen, Felleskjøpet Agri, Felleskjøpet Rogaland & Agder, Fiskå Mølle Moss, Norgesmøllene, Strand Unikorn/Norgesfôr and Kimen Seed Laboratory. The results from SafeOats will benefit consumers nationally and internationally by providing tools to increase the share of high quality grain into the food and feed industry.
Forfattere
Claudio Dias Jr. Da Silva Vinh Hong Le Belachew Asalf Tadesse Chloé Grieu Nan-Yi Wang Natalia A. Peres William Turechek Arne StensvandSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Claudio Dias Jr. Da Silva Vinh Hong Le Belachew Asalf Tadesse Chloé Grieu Nan-Yi Wang Natalia A. Peres William Turechek Arne StensvandSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Roman Gebauer Daniel Volařík Josef Urban Isabella Børja Nina Elisabeth Nagy Toril Drabløs Eldhuset Paal KrokeneSammendrag
Several studies have looked at how individual environmental factors influence needle morphology in conifer trees, but interacting effects between drought and canopy position have received little attention. In this study, we characterized morphological responses to experimentally induced drought stress in sun exposed and shaded current-year Norway spruce needles. In the drought plot trees were suffering mild drought stress, with an average soil water potential at 50 cm depth of -0.4 MPa. In general, morphological needle traits had greater values in sun needles in the upper canopy than in shaded needles in the lower canopy. Needle morphology 15 months after the onset of drought was determined by canopy position, as only sun needle morphology was affected by drought. Thus, canopy position was a stronger morphogenic factor determining needle structure than was water availability. The largest influence of mild drought was observed for needle length, projected needle area and total needle area, which all were reduced by ~27% relative to control trees. Needle thickness and needle width showed contrasting sensitivity to drought, as drought only affected needle thickness (10% reduction). Needle dry mass, leaf mass per area and needle density were not affected 15 months after the onset of mild drought. Our results highlight the importance of considering canopy position as well as water availability when comparing needle structure or function between conifer species. More knowledge about how different canopy parts of Norway spruce adapt to drought is important to understand forest productivity under changing environmental conditions.
Sammendrag
Kartleggingsprogrammet for nematoder og Phytophthora spp. i jord på importerte planter, startet i april 2018 og sluttet 31. desember 2018. Denne del av rapporten er for nematoder. Programmet hadde hovedfokus på import av store trær med stor jordklump som er dyrka på friland og evt. planter i organisk dyrkingsmedium som kan tenkes å ha opprinnelse utenfor Europa. Mattilsynet valgte ut importsendinger og var ansvarlig for prøvetakingen. Det ble mottatt 130 jordprøver fra importerte planter. Prøvene ble tatt fra rotklumpen. Noen prøver ble også tatt fra golvet i trailer (oppsop). Det ble mottatt prøver fra planter med opprinnelse i 7 europeisk land (Belgia 2, Danmark 22, Italia 10, Nederland 67, Polen 6, Sverige 8, Tyskland 13), flest prøver var fra Nederland 51,5%, og Danmark (16,9%)…...
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag