Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2019
Forfattere
Anne Linn Hykkerud Inger Martinussen Laura Jaakola Katja Karppinen Nga Nguyet Priyanka Trivedi Päivi Aro Taina Vuorela Helena Aohla Anne Poutiainen Joffe Roberts Pupure Liva Petri Sundqvist Juha Väänänen Remes Janne Hely HäggmanSammendrag
There is a large industrial demand for wax. The market is dominated by synthetic waxes. In contrast to the synthetic wax natural waxes are renewable and thus contribute to sustainalbe processes and reduced carbon emission. In Scandinavia side streams from Wild berries is an interesting candidate for wax production.
Sammendrag
Numerous species of wild berries are abundant in the Nordic forests, mountains and peat lands. They ripen throughout the early summer until late autumn. Both lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea) and bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), that are among the most picked wild berries, are characteristic field layer species in boreal forests. Other species that have potential of better exploitation are cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus), crowberry (Empeterum nigrum), bog blueberry (Vaccinium uliginosum), arctic bramble (Rubus arcticus), wild strawberries/woodland strawberries (Fragaria vesca) and wild raspberries (Rubus idaeus). Here we present a mini-review about properties and potentials of Nordic wild berries.
Sammendrag
BACKGROUND: Interest in the wild berries of dwarf shrubs (wild berries) is increasing. Therefore, an update is important regarding how these species react to and interact with different climatic factors, and on how the predicted climatic changes will affect their distribution, growth and content of compounds affecting health. OBJECTIVE: To systemize knowledge of the Ericaceae and Empetraceae wild berry species. METHODS: A review of literature covering the above topics. CONCLUSION: This review includes five wild berry species and their subspecies: Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Vaccinium uliginosum, Vaccinium oxycoccos with ssp. microcarpon, and Empetrum nigrum with ssp. nigrum, hermaphroditum and japonicum. They have been and still are collected in the wild, by local households and industry. The berries have high content of biological compounds of interest for human health. Despite the increasing interest in and demand for these wild berries, domestication attempts have been rare. The species often grow together and are competitors. Which species dominate depends on soil conditions and is determined by small differences. The changing climate and various disturbances will also influence the distribution patterns of wild berries and competing plant species. Semi-cultivation in the natural habitat is probably the best solution for viable and sustainable commercial exploitation of these resources, at least if they are sold with the label “wild berries”. However, these species are easily propagated by fresh cuttings, and they can grow on arable land, adapting soil conditions to fit their growing preferences. Such cultivation, to our knowledge has not yet been performed on a large economic scale.
Sammendrag
BACKGROUND: There are increasing demands for wild berries not only for various food and beverage products, but also in cosmetics and for extraction of various biochemical compounds. The newly funded project “WILDBERRIES” (Norwegian Research Council) will focus on predictability of yield and quality of lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis - idaea). With characteristics like taste, secondary metabolites with health properties, versatility and preservative properties there is a great potential for value creation. It is estimated that the annual crop of lingonberries in Norway is 115,000 tones, most of it non-exploited. One of the key challenges for further commercialization is access to the raw material. The Norwegian topography are challenging for the logistic around harvesting. However, the same landscape can possibly give unique qualities. The availability and quality of wild berry yields vary from year to year and from locations to location. Yields are affected by climatic conditions years in advance, during the ripening and condition and management of the forest. OBJECTIVE: WILDBERRIES aim to increase the commercial utilization of wild berries from Norwegian forests. METHODS: WILDBERRIES seek to develop tools to map areas with high yields and/or high-quality berries. Experiments at controlled climatic conditions will give new knowledge on key factors affecting flower development, ripening, yield and quality. RESULTS: Plots for phenotyping and berry collection will be established at different sites summer 2019. The existing clone collection of lingonberries will be increased, and controlled experiments will be performed from the second project year. CONCLUSIONS: Wanted outcome of the project are models for prediction of yields and quality of the berries.
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Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
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Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
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https://www.dn.no/innlegg/mat/klima/landbruk/innlegg-drivhus-pa-byens-tak-kan-gi-sunn-lokalmat/2-1-720808
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Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
I Norge brukes oftest glødetap av tørr, siktet jord som mål på innhold av organisk materiale i dyrka jord. I mineraljord med økende innhold av leire, må glødetapet korrigeres ned mer og mer for å finne det virkelige innholdet av organisk materiale i jorda. Både organisk materiale, mold og humus inneholder foruten karbon også flere andre grunnstoffer. Det er vanlig å beregne at organisk materiale i jord i snitt inneholder 50-58 % karbon. Generelt gir glødetapet best mål for innhold av organisk materiale i jordartsklassene mineralblandet moldjord og organisk jord og jordarter med lavt leirinnhold (< 9 %). Det er også der minst forskjell mellom glødetapet og moldinnhold (mer nøye innhold av organisk materiale). I slik jord er også karboninnholdet nærmest 50 % av både glødetapsverdien og verdien for beregnet moldinnhold. I mineraljord med økende innhold av leire, vil glødetapet derimot måtte korrigeres ned mer og mer for best mulig mål for moldinnholdet (det reelle innholdet av organisk materiale) og i etterkant beregning av karboninnholdet. I slik jord blir det større forskjell mellom glødetapsverdien og moldinnholdet i analysene vi bruker. Det blir også viktigere å beregne karboninnholdet mer nøyaktig, og ikke dividere glødetapsverdien, men moldinnholdet med 2. Dette fordi leirinnholdet påvirker glødetapsverdien mye og gir i slik jord et langt lavere reelt innhold av organisk materiale enn glødetapsverdien viser. I lettleire og mellomleire er derfor ofte det reelle karboninnholdet veldig lavt, under 20 % av glødetapstallverdien, og under 1 % karbon av tørrstoffet.
Forfattere
Mohammad Ramin Marcia Franco Michael Roleda Inga Marie Aasen Mårten Hetta Håvard SteinshamnSammendrag
Utilisable crude protein (uCP), methane (CH4) production and other fermentation parameters were analysed in vitro for a diet in which grass silage was replaced by different levels of seaweed protein fractions prepared from three seaweed species: Saccharina latissima, Alaria esculenta and Palmaria palmata. Ten fractions from these three species in which the protein content had been increased and the salt content reduced by simple processing were tested, with inclusion levels in the diet based on the nitrogen content of the fractions. Following an extraction procedure, four fractions from Saccharina latissima, three from Alaria esculenta and one from Palmaria palmata, were gradually included in the diet by replacing high quality silage with approximately 0, 0.15, 0.30 and 0.45 g/g DM, while two high-protein fractions of Palmaria palmata were tested at replacement levels of 0, 0.075, 0.15 and 0.225 g/g DM. To estimate fermentation parameters, 500 mg of each diet were incubated in bottles with 60 mL buffered rumen fluid. Estimated uCP increased linearly with increasing replacement rate of grass silage with seaweed protein fractions (from 158 g/kg DM to 206 g/kg DM on average for all fractions). Increasing protein fraction from the brown seaweed Saccharina latissima in the diet significantly increased true organic matter digestibility (OMD) (from on average 0.786 to 0.821). Organic matter digestibility decreased with increasing level of Alaria esculenta fractions (from on average 0.785 to 0.733), which also gave a linear decrease in CH4 production (from on average 45.3 to 38.5 mL/g organic matter). As a result of decreased CH4 production and OMD, total volatile fatty acid concentration decreased with increasing level of Alaria esculenta fractions (from on average 69.5 to 63.0 mmol/L). Thus, positive and species-specific effects of seaweed on estimated uCP and fermentation parameters were observed in vitro when protein fractions remaining after an extraction procedure on seaweed partly replaced grass silage in the feed ration.