Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2018
Sammendrag
Norway is strongly committed to the Paris Climate Agreement with an ambitious goal of 40% reduction in greenhouse gas emission by 2030. The land sector, including agriculture and forestry, must critically contribute to this national target. Beyond emission reduction, the land sector has the unique capacity to actively removing CO2 from the atmosphere through biological carbon storage in biomass and in soils. Soils are the largest reservoir of terrestrial carbon, and relatively small changes in soil carbon content can have an amplified mitigation effect on the Earth’s climate. Therefore, improved management of soils for carbon storage is receiving a lot of attention, for example through international political initiatives such as the “4-permill” initiative. However, in Norway, many mitigation measures targeting soil carbon might negatively impact food production and economic activity. For example, soil carbon storage can be increased by shifting from cereal crop production to grasslands, but Norway already has abundant grassland and a comparatively small area dedicated to cereals. Another such issue is cultivation on drained peatland, where food is produced at the expense of large losses of soil carbon as CO2 to the atmosphere. Therefore, there is a need to look for win-win solutions for soil carbon storage, which benefit both food production and climate mitigation. Large-scale conversion of agricultural and forest waste biomass to biochar is such an option, and is considered the activity with the largest potential for soil carbon sequestration in Norway. Biochar has been demonstrated to have a mean residence time exceeding 100 years in Norwegian field conditions (Rasse et al, 2017), and no negative effects on plant and soils has been observed. However, despite the convincing benefits of biochar as a climate mitigation solution, it has not yet advanced much beyond the research stage, notably because its effect on yield are too modest. Here, we will first present the comparative advantage of biochar technology as compared to traditional agronomy methods for large-scale C storage in Norwegian agricultural soils. We will further discuss the need for developing innovations in pyrolysis and nutrient-rich waste recycling leading to biochar-fertilizer products as win-win solution for carbon storage and food production.
Forfattere
Inghild Økland Agnar Kvalbein Wendy Marie Waalen Lise Bjørnstad Trygve S. Aamlid Tatsiana EspevigSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
2008 ble det med tilskudd fra Landbruks- og matdepartementet (LMD) satt i gang et tiltaksprosjekt for å forbedre vannkvaliteten i vestre Vansjø. Det var fokus på å redusere fosfortilførselene og det ble gitt tilskudd til tiltakspakker som omfattet redusert fosforgjødsling, overvintring i stubb, grasdekte buffersoner og fangdammer. Tiltaksprosjektet fikk finansiering i perioden 2008-2010 fra LMD og ble videreført med andre økonomiske tilskudd i en perioden etter det. Fra og med 2013 ble forskriftskravet om at minimum 60 % av kornarealet på hvert bruk skulle overvintre i stubb fjernet, og det ble ikke lengre gitt tilskudd til redusert jordarbeiding for arealer i erosjonsklasse 1........
Sammendrag
The hydrological processes associated with vegetation and their effect on slope stability are complex and so difficult to quantify, especially because of their transient effects (e.g. changes throughout the vegetation life cycle). Additionally, there is very limited amount of field based research focusing on investigation of coupled hydrological and mechanical influence of vegetation on stream bank behavior, accounting for both seasonal time scale and different vegetation types, and none dedicated to marine clay soils (typically soil type for Norway). In order to fill this gap we established hydrological and mechanical monitoring of selected test plots within a stream bank, covered with different types of vegetation, typical for Norwegian agricultural areas (grass, shrubs and trees). The soil moisture, groundwater level and stream water level were continuously monitored. Additionally, soil porosity and shear strength were measured regularly. Observed hydrological trends and differences between three plots (grass, tree and shrub) were analysed and formed the input base for stream bank stability modeling. We did not find particular differences between the grass and shrub plot but we did observe a significantly lower soil moisture content, lower soil porosity and higher shear strength within the tree plot. All three plots were stable during the monitoring period, however modeling scenarios made it possible to analyse potential differences in stream bank stability under different vegetation cover depending on root reinforcement and slope angle.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
The report presents results from monitoring of ten rivers and creeks in the Halden Watershed in the period 1 May 2017 to 1 May 2018. Water samples were collected every 14th day and analysed for total phosphorous (TP) and suspended sediments (SS). Every 28th day the samples were also analysed for dissolved phosphate. Results from previous monitoring in the period May 1th 2012 to May 1th 2017 are found in Greipsland (2015), Greipsland (2016) and Greipsland (2017).
Sammendrag
I forbindelse med utvidelsen av Røbekk Gravlund har NIBIO gjennomført grunnundersøkelser med jordprofilbeskrivelser. Observasjonene gjort under felt danner grunnlaget for anbefalinger om massenes egnethet som kistegravjord og urnegravjord. Luftveksling, vanntransport og massenes evne til å inngå i gode jordblandinger har blitt vektlagt, da disse faktorene har stor betydning for bruken av stedegne masser. Det er gitt anbefalinger for bruk av masser i hvert område, samt anbefalinger for bruk av områdene på lokaliteten
Forfattere
Ngo Tien Dung Sekhar Udaya Nagothu Alma Linda Morales-Abubakar Jan Willem Ketelaar Mehreteab TesfaiSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag