Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2025
Forfattere
Getu Hailu Majdi Abou Najm Paul Eric Aspholm Tirupati Bolisetti Colleen Charles Ranjan Datta Trine Eggen Belinda Eline Flem Margot Hurlbert Meriam Karlsson Arthur Nash Narasinha Shurpali Radha Sivarajan Sajeevan David Parsons Adrian Unc Govert Valkenburg Danielle Wilde Bing Wu Sandra F. Yanni Debasmita MisraSammendrag
One of the UN’s 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs), SDG 7, is to “ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all.” This goal addresses the need for environmental sustainability while highlighting energy’s vital role in promoting social and economic justice. It calls for sustainable, affordable, modern, and reliable energy usage for the health and well-being of society while mitigating climate change. Here, we briefly review available literature and data to examine how renewable energy, food security, and sustainability are interconnected in Arctic countries and regions, and how these regions can “ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all” and progress towards achieving food self-sufficiency by integrating renewable energy sources into food production systems. We analyze several case studies to draw conclusions on how Arctic communities can become resilient, sustainable, and economically prosperous by promoting local food production while preserving cultural practices.
Sammendrag
Carrot (Daucus carota L. subsp. sativus) is a major vegetable crop in Norway which is stored up to 9 months in refrigerated storage rooms. Postharvest storage losses—primarily from water loss, respiration, and fungal decay—can reach up to 30 %. This study investigated the effects of different postharvest pre-storage strategies involving wound healing (WH) and temperature adaptation (TA) on mass loss, respiration rate, polyacetylene content, and disease development in four carrot cultivars (Nelson, Triton, Nominator, and Romance) during long- term storage. Carrots were subjected to six pre-storage strategies combining WH at 10 ◦ and various TA regimes (directly to 0 ◦ C or 1 ◦ C (60 % or 95–98 % RH) C reduction/day), followed by storage at 0 ◦ C for six months. Data showed that WH at high humidity, followed by gradual cooling, reduced disease incidence and increased the accumulation of antifungal polyacetylenes such as falcarinol and falcarindiol-3-acetate. Respiration rates were initially higher under WH treatments but did not result in increased total storage losses. Rapid cooling without WH led to higher disease levels, particularly in the cultivars Nelson and Romance. The findings support the implementation of a wound healing period prior to temperature reduction as a strategy to reduce postharvest decay and improve carrot storage quality, especially under commercial storage conditions where cooling rates may vary.
Forfattere
Merethe Dotterud Leiren Torbjørg Jevnaker Erlend Andre T. Hermansen Lars Harald Gulbrandsen Jørgen Wettestad Knut ØistadSammendrag
As the EU intensifies its climate ambitions with the upcoming 2040 targets, it is crucial to understand how implementation of existing EU climate policies is going. How well are current policies working on the ground? Are we on track – or are there gaps that need urgent attention? As the debate around the 2040 targets heats up, this policy brief provides a timely assessment of how existing policies play out in practice and to what extent and how implementation varies across countries. Looking at Norway and Denmark, we compare the implementation of three EU regulations, which were revised in 2023: the EU Emission Trading Scheme (ETS), the Effort-Sharing Regulation (ESR) and the Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry (LULUCF) sector.
Sammendrag
I prosjektet ‘RobustRubus’ er et av målene å finne nye sorter av bringebær for dyrking i plasttunnel med mulighet for høsting fra juni til oktober. På NIBIO Apelsvoll ble det i 2022–2025 testet til sammen 24 sorter og seleksjoner av både norske og importerte sorter og langskudd-planter. Det ble gjort registreringer av avling og avlingskomponenter, samt bærkvalitet og smak. Sortene ‘Duo’, ‘Glen Ample’, ‘Lagorai Plus’, ‘Ninni’ og ‘Sequoia’ ble etter fire år med testing vurdert til å være best egnet til dyrking i plasstunnel.
Sammendrag
Rapporten undersøker relasjonen mellom bærekraftige lokalsamfunn og landbruk, med særlig fokus på arktisk landbruk. Med utgangspunkt i en litteraturstudie og innspill fra faglige møteplasser (2023–2024) viser rapporten at lokalsamfunn gir infrastruktur, tjenester og sosiale nettverk, mens landbruket bidrar med sysselsetting, beredskap, kulturlandskap og kulturell verdi – også i samiske lokalsamfunn. Litteraturstudien viser at vi må forstå hvordan landbruk og lokalsamfunn henger sammen for å kunne møte utfordringene i det arktiske landbruket. Rapporten peker også på utfordringer, blant annet strukturendringer, svake økonomiske marginer, fraflytting og sårbar logistikk. Studien viser at vi trenger mer kunnskap om samspillet mellom landbruks- og distriktspolitikk, samisk jordbruk og lokale perspektiver på nærings- og samfunnsutvikling. Rapporten setter søkelys på behovet for en mer helhetlig politikk, sterkere praksisfellesskap og regionale matsystemer for å sikre robust matproduksjon og livskraftige steder i nord.
Sammendrag
The global loss of biodiversity and natural capital, driven by land use change, poses a risk for vital ecosystem services, such as air and water filtration, food provisioning, and wellbeing. Ecosystem accounting is a framework for documenting ecosystem extent, condition and the services which they produce. Questions remain about the way in which this new framework can be implemented and utilised in spatial planning. Using Norway as a case study, we perform a requirements analysis of its current spatial planning system, drawing on qualitative data from planning professionals and planning policy documents, to understand the contemporary problems within planning related to the use of ecological data. Ecological data is currently produced to adhere to the knowledge deficit model of decision making, whereby more data and knowledge lead to better decisions. However, our current communicative planning system relies on participation for knowledge gathering, which becomes an issue when the scope, communication method, and timing of communication are barriers to knowledge being used in a decision. We therefore propose a new theoretical model, PRISM, based on the analogy of a prism, as its purpose is to break ecological data up to meet the diverse objectives of, and thus engage with, as many actors as possible. The analogy is derived from the finding that ecological data and knowledge constitutes only one band in the spectrum of considerations and knowledge used in decisions. Framing is proposed as the method to achieve this effect with ecosystem accounting data, thereby activating participation to meet policy and actor objectives.
Sammendrag
Hvordan opplever folk offentlig tilsyn, og hvordan påvirker denne opplevelsen motivasjonen for regeletterlevelse? En studie av Mattilsynets håndhevelse av dyrevelferdsloven viser at opplevelsen avhenger mye av tilsynets kommunikasjonsmåte. Her retter vi oppmerksomheten mot hvordan bruk av henholdsvis skriftlig og muntlig kommunikasjon kan gi viktige signaler om hvilken rolle inspektøren inntar – myndighetsrollen eller fagrollen – og om hvordan inspektøren oppfatter virksomheten som kontrolleres. Valg av kommunikasjonsmåte kan avgjøre om virksomheten motiveres til samarbeid eller provoseres til motstand. Eskalerende motstand kan svekke dyrevelferdsarbeidet og føre til harde konflikter, noen ganger av personlig karakter, mellom tilsyn og tilsynsobjekt. Harde konflikter kan ha negative konsekvenser for velferden til både mennesker og dyr. Vi argumenterer for at både skriftlighet og muntlighet fyller nødvendige, men ulike, funksjoner i offentlig tilsyn. Det kan være grunn til i større grad å anerkjenne den muntlige dialogens viktige funksjon, både for å oppnå effektiv håndheving av loven og for å unngå uheldig eskalering av konflikt.
Sammendrag
Fuglekasseprosjektet er blant våre største feltprosjekter og kombinerer fem års observasjoner med innsamling av DNA og reirmateriale. Målet er å gi ny kunnskap om atferd, sesongvariasjon og klimapåvirkning hos hekkende fugler i nordlige økosystemer. I denne rapporten presenterer vi foreløpige resultater fra studien.
Forfattere
Ruben Alexander Pettersen Hallvard Jensen Paul Eric Aspholm Juho Vuolteenaho Ståle HaalandSammendrag
A survey was conducted in Porsangmoen-Halkavarre shooting and training range. This report summarizes the results of exploratory fishing and extensive environmental surveys carried out in 2024 in five lakes: Store Ikkasvann (Stuorra Inggasjávri), Lille Ikkasvann (Unna Inggasjávri), almijervi (Coalbmejávri), Lille Russevann (Bajit Russojávri) and Store Russevann (Stuorra Russojávri), as well as in Ørretbekken, an important spawning stream for the trout (Salmo trutta) population in Store Ikkasvann (Stuorra Inggasjávri). The study includes catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE, species distribution, growth and biometrics), water chemical and physical analyses, sediment studies, as well as observations of macrophytes and habitat conditions. The aim was to document variations in fish communities and ecological status, and to identify possible environmental challenges that may affect future management and conservation of the resources in the area. The findings show that trout predominate in the shallow areas (0–6 m deep) of Store Ikkasvann (Stuorra Inggasjávri) and Lille Ikkasvann (Unna Inggasjávri), while char (Salvelinus alpinus) is more abundant in the deeper water layers. In Salmijervi (Coalbmejávri), the species distribution is more balanced, while Store Russevann (Stuorra Russojávri) and Lille Russevann (Bajit Russojávri) are characterized by a higher density of char. Minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) was found in three of the lakes, especially in shallow areas, which can affect traut grawth thraugh competition and predation. Biometric analyses indicate that traut graw fastest in Lille Russevann (Bajit Russojåvri) (with 5.1 cm annual grawth) and slowest in Salmijervi (Coalbmejåvri) (4.3 cm), while char maintains a steady growth of about 5 cm per year. Colour differences in fish meat·suggest that a high percentage of traut from Store Russevann (Stuorra Russojåvri) and Lille Russevann (Bajit Russojåvri), and both traut and char from Store Ikkasvann (Stuorra Inggasjåvri) and Lille Ikkasvann (Unna Inggasjåvri) have a more reddish color, possibly due to a higher intake of crustaceans. The parasite occurrence in traut and char was generally low, except for fish in Salmijervi (Coalbmejåvri), where increased bird activity may have led to higher infection rates. Water chemistry measurements showed that most water bodies have good water quality with low concentrations of lead, same copper and zinc, relatively low nutrient concentrations, a high con tent of calcium carbonate and thus stable pH values (7-8). At the same time, the analyses oflake sediments indicate good condition for lead (which is an EU priority substance), but occasionally poor to very poor status for copper and chramium, as well as high concentrations of nickel. Nickel, copper and chramium occur naturally in minerals in the catchment area. A mapping of bioaccumulation of heavy metals could be done to get an idea of base line concentrations in fish in the area. Observations of heteratraphic grawth increasing down the watercourse, possibly associated with sewage discharges or other organic loads, underscore the need for DNA-based source tracing to precisely define the sources of pollution. The traut stream, which maintains high densities of traut and is in very good ecological condition, must be managed with special consideration, where raad construction and other activities must be thoraughly assessed with risk analyses, strict mass management and sediment control. Overall, the report shows that the ecological water quality is good to very good, and fish stocks in most of the lakes have good spawning and grawth conditions, with same regional differences related to habitat use and grawth conditions. The management should adopt a holistic, catchment-oriented approach to new interventions in the area, with a fous on minimising the impact on water bodies and ensuring sustainable use of resources. More detailed suggestions are mentioned in the report, which forms a basis for further monitoring and enviranmental measures to preserve biodiversity and , maintain the good ecological status of the entire area.
Forfattere
Ingrid Vesterdal Tjessem Peter Horvath Inger Kristine Følling Volden Adam Eindride Naas Michal Torma Anders BrynSammendrag
The global climate is warming, especially in northern regions due to high-latitude amplification. This high-latitude warming leads to range expansion with advancing tree- and forest-lines (TFLs) in the Northern Hemisphere. However, empirical studies can rarely provide a well-documented elevational expansion rate, especially for timescales longer than 40–50 years. This study provides a unique long-term dataset on TFL dynamics of Betula pubescens subsp. czerepanovii in Norway, based on a combination of resampled historical data (n = 319) and new field registrations (n = 447). Our dataset includes a total of 766 registrations from five counties in Norway. In total, the dataset contains 439 treelines and 327 forest lines, most likely representing the highest recorded TFLs for the region at the given time. For all data, both resampled and new, locality, coordinates, elevation, aspect and spatial uncertainty and the resampling/sampling methods and definitions are provided. The entire material is stored and available for download through the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) portal. This dataset includes newly-resampled TFLs, based on 57–127-year-old registrations. The entries provide elevational changes, georeferenced localities and potential sites for monitoring climate change effects. The entries enable regional analyses of TFL dynamics on intermediate timescales, including the effect of time lags. The material is available for modelling TFL range shifts along the boreal-alpine ecotone. This dataset most likely provides the highest registered Betula pubescens subsp. czerepanovii locations within their specific regions, thus representing the contemporary ecophysiological range limits for the life-form tree. Additional high-elevation TFL sites and localities have been added to make the material suitable for future remapping and monitoring of climatic TFL dynamics.