Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2024
Forfattere
Haldis KismulSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Norsk institutt for bioøkonomi utførte sommaren 2023 ei synfaring i eit inngjerda beiteområde i Gol kommune og Hemsedal kommune. Samla inngjerda areal er 48 km². Heile arealet er tidlegare vegetasjonskartlagt, og det er utifrå vegetasjonskarta laga ei beitekapasitetsberekning for det inngjerda området. Rapporten omtalar òg beitedyra sin bruk av området, på bakgrunn av innsamla data frå radiobjøllar. Det er gjeve ei vurdering av tilstanden til beitevegetasjonen, samt nokre råd kring skjøtsel av beiteområdet og beitebruk.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Effekten av skogbruk på eutrofibelastningen i Oslofjorden er anslått basert på tilførsler av løst uorganisk nitrogen (DIN). Dette anslaget er beheftet med en rekke usikkerheter som kan forbedres ved å bl.a. samle inn flere data om effekten av skogsdrift på vann, samt forbedre anslag over årlig hogstareal. Våre anslag antyder at tap av nitrogen fra skogsdrift til Oslofjorden ligger på nivå med tapet fra spredt avløp og bebyggelse. På side 6 finnes et utvidet sammendrag. The effect of forestry on the eutrophic pressure of the Oslo Fjord has been estimated based on fluxes of DIN (dissolved inorganic nitrogen). This estimate is subject to many uncertainties that can be improved by, among other things, collecting more data on the effect of forestry on water, as well as improving estimates of annual logging area. Our estimate suggests that losses of nitrogen to the Oslo Fjord from forestry are in the same range as losses from households not connected to sewage treatment plants and from settlements.
Forfattere
Tor MykingSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Nga Nguyen Ulrich Bergmann Laura Elina Jaakola Hely Häggman Soile Jokipii-Lukkari Katalin TothSammendrag
Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) is a wild berry species that is prevalent in northern Europe. It is renowned and well-documented for its nutritional and bioactive properties, especially due to its anthocyanin content. However, an overview of biological systems governing changes in other crucial quality traits, such as size, firmness, and flavours, has received less attention. In the present study, we investigated detailed metabolomic and proteomic profiles at four different ripening stages of bilberry to provide a comprehensive understanding of overall quality during fruit ripening. By integrating omics datasets, we revealed a novel global regulatory network of plant hormones and physiological processes occurring during bilberry ripening. Key physiological processes, such as energy and primary metabolism, strongly correlate with elevated levels of gibberellic acids, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid in unripe fruits. In contrast, as the fruit ripened, processes including flavour formation, cell wall modification, seed storage, and secondary metabolism became more prominent, and these were associated with increased abscisic acid levels. An indication of the increase in ethylene biosynthesis was detected during bilberry development, raising questions about the classification of non-climacteric and climacteric fruits. Our findings extend the current knowledge on the physiological and biochemical processes occurring during fruit ripening, which can serve as a baseline for studies on both wild and commercially grown berry species. Furthermore, our data may facilitate the optimization of storage conditions and breeding programs, as well as the future exploration of beneficial compounds in berries for new applications in food, cosmetics, and medicines.
Sammendrag
The No-till system and organic fertilization combined can be a potential strategy to avoid nutrient leaching, as the soil structure plays a crucial role in retaining them. In this study, we evaluated the influence of different rates of a bio-fertilizer made of industrial organic waste (IOW) from a poultry slaughterhouse on the percolation and stocks of nitrate in disturbed and undisturbed soil samples collected from a subtropical no-till field in southern Brazil. In an incubation experiment, we performed a percolation experiment using lysimeters and simulated rainfall for 180 days and evaluated the remaining soil nitrate stock after the incubation period. We set up a completely randomized experiment with three replicates using four IOW rates (equivalent to 0, 2, 4, and 8 Mg ha−1) and two sample types: disturbed and undisturbed soils. Using the bio-fertilizer increased nitrate mineralization from 0.77 to 1.55 kg ha−1 day−1. Overall, the IOW application increased the amount of percolated nitrate, significantly influenced by the simulated rainfall (p < 0.01). The amount of water flushed through the lysimeters was significantly higher for the disturbed soils (p < 0.05, LSD test), suggesting that the loosened structure promoted a higher water flux. No differences were observed between undisturbed and disturbed samples for nitrate percolation, implying that the amount of nitrate in the liquid soil phase may be a more critical factor in determining nitrate leaching than the water flux. The disturbed samples presented significantly higher nitrate percolation with increasing IOW rates, regardless of precipitation. Stocks in the 0–5 cm depth were 6.6 kg ha−1 higher for undisturbed samples (p < 0.05, LSD test). This result suggests preserving the soil structure can significantly increase the nitrate stocks upon IOW application.
Sammendrag
Biomethanation represents a promising approach for biomethane production, with biofilm-based processes like trickle bed reactors (TBRs) being among the most efficient solutions. However, maintaining stable performance can be challenging, and both pure and mixed culture approaches have been applied to address this. In this study, inocula enriched with hydrogenotrophic methanogens were introduced to to TBRs as bioaugmentation strategy to assess their impacts on the process performance and microbial community dynamics. Metagenomic analysis revealed a metagenome-assembled genome belonging to the hydrogenotrophic genus Methanobacterium, which became dominant during enrichment and successfully colonized the TBR biofilm after bioaugmentation. The TBRs achieved a biogas production with > 96 % methane. The bioaugmented reactor consumed additional H2. This may be due to microbial species utilizing CO2 and H2 via various CO2 reduction pathways. Overall, implementing bioaugmentation in TBRs showed potential for establishing targeted species, although challenges remain in managing H2 consumption and optimizing microbial interactions.