Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2019
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Ari HietalaSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
R. Ioos P. Chrétien J. Perrault C. Jeandel C. Dutech P. Gonthier F. Sillo Ari Hietala Halvor Solheim J. HubertSammendrag
Four species of the destructive forest pathogen Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato (s.l.) are present in Europe: H. annosum sensu stricto (s.s.), H. abietinum and H. parviporum are native species, while H. irregulare is a non‐native invasive species currently reported only in Italy, yet recommended for regulation throughout Europe. In this study, real‐time PCR detection tests were developed for each of the four species, which can be used simultaneously or individually thanks to probes labelled with species‐specific fluorescent dyes. The different performance criteria of each assay were evaluated, and it was determined that they were theoretically capable of detecting amounts of DNA corresponding to 311, 29 and 29 cell nuclei in H. annosum s.s., H. irregulare and H. parviporum, respectively. The specificity of each assay was assessed with a wide set of strains. Real‐time PCR tests successfully detected Heterobasidion species from 36 fruiting bodies taken from the forest, as well as from artificially inoculated or naturally infected wood samples. The multiplex real‐time PCR assays developed in this study could have practical applications both in forest management and in phytosanitary monitoring.
Forfattere
Ari HietalaSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Ari HietalaSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Hugh Morris Ari Hietala Steven Jansen Javier Ribera Sabine Rosner Khalifah A. Salmeia Francis W. M. R. SchwarzeSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Carl Gunnar FossdalSammendrag
Plant biology in Norway. Some main aspects; 1. Major efforts on micro and macro algae are now ongoing in Norway (lots of funding goes this way) 2. The pure basic plant biology research with molecular aspects are mostly at the major universities (exemplified here by Prof. Grini and Haman and in smaller groups at other institutions (exemplified by the TOPPFORSK project in epigenetics at NIBIO). 3. A lot of the plant biology in Norway is related to evolution, biodiversity and ecology in general, including climate change (Exemplified by studies in clinal variation and phenology) 4. There is a lot of applied research related to feed and food crops as well as forestry (including invasive species. abiotic stress, plant pathogen interactions insects and fungi with importance for agriculture). 5. There is a National Network for Plant Biology Research in Norway (led by Paul Grini from UiO). This network holds annual/biannual Norwegian Plant Biology conference (NorPlantBio) conferences. 6. Examples from the various institutions in Norway will now be presented.
Forfattere
Jurga Motiejūnaitė Isabella Børja Ivika Ostonen Mark Ronald Bakker Brynhildur Bjarnadóttir Ivano Brunner Reda Iršėnaitė Tanja Mrak Edda Sigurdis Oddsdóttir Tarja LehtoSammendrag
Soil is one of the most species-rich habitats and plays a crucial role in the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. It is acknowledged that soils and their biota deliver many ecosystem services. However, up to now, cultural ecosystem services (CES) provided by soil biodiversity remained virtually unknown. Here we present a multilingual and multisubject literature review on cultural benefits provided by belowground biota in European forests. We found 226 papers mentioning impact of soil biota on the cultural aspects of human life. According to the reviewed literature, soil organisms contribute to all CES. Impact on CES, as reflected in literature, was highest for fungi and lowest for microorganisms and mesofauna. Cultural benefits provided by soil biota clearly prevailed in the total of the reviewed references, but there were also negative effects mentioned in six CES. The same organism groups or even individual species may have negative impacts within one CES and at the same time act as an ecosystem service provider for another CES. The CES were found to be supported at several levels of ecosystem service provision: from single species to two or more functional/taxonomical groups and in some cases morphological diversity acted as a surrogate for species diversity. Impact of soil biota on CES may be both direct – by providing the benefits (or dis-benefits) and indirect – through the use of the products or services obtained from these benefits. The CES from soil biota interacted among themselves and with other ES, but more than often, they did not create bundles, because there exist temporal fluctuations in value of CES and a time lag between direct and indirect benefits. Strong regionality was noted for most of CES underpinned by soil biota: the same organism group or species may have strong impact on CES (positive, negative or both) in some regions while no, minor or opposite effects in others. Contrarily to the CES based on landscapes, in the CES provided by soil biota distance between the ecosystem and its CES benefiting area is shorter (CES based on landscapes are used less by local people and more by visitors, meanwhile CES based on species or organism groups are used mainly by local people). Our review revealed the existence of a considerable amount of spatially fragmented and semantically rich information highlighting cultural values provided by forest soil biota in Europe.