Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2026
Sammendrag
Defibrert trefiber testes av stadig flere dyrkere, enten som del av en blanding, eller som enkeltstående vekstmedium. Et spørsmål vi ofte blir stilt er hvor mye kalk substratet med trefiber trenger. Trefiber har lav pH når den er fersk, nesten tilsvarende torv, og det har fått mange til å anta at de skal behandles likt. Det er feil. Den lave pH-en forsvinner raskt ved oppstart av planteproduksjon, og kalker du som du ville gjort med torv, blir det surr.
Forfattere
Henk Maessen Siv Mari Aurdal Tomasz Leszek Woznicki Krzysztof Kusnierek Trond Haraldsen Anita SønstebySammendrag
Bruk av trefiber vil redusere miljøbelastningen ved å erstatte energikrevende steinullproduksjon med et fornybart materiale basert på rest-råstoff fra norsk skogindustri. Ved endt bruk kan trefibermaterialet komposteres, brukes som jordforbedringsmiddel eller brennes for energigjenvinning, i motsetning til steinull som ender på deponi. Etter lovende resultater med Fibergrow® trefibermatter i tomat i 2022 og 2023, gjennomførte vi nye forsøk i 2025 for å bekrefte disse funnene.
Sammendrag
This paper describes from a methodological point of view a recent attempt to test how Historic Landscape Characterisation (HLC) as developed with respect to the British landscape can be adapted and applied to the different and distinctive landscapes of a Norwegian upland territory, on the edges of the Hardangervidda plateau. This is an area characterised by mobility, close nature-culture interactions, and practices such as summer farming and short-distance transhumant practices. The research was carried out by two Norwegian agencies – NIKU and NIBIO – as part of a larger project known as PARKAS designed in the context of green transitions to promote better-integrated and publicly-responsible management and safeguarding of protected areas. We briefly describe the origins and principles of HLC in Britain, and then at greater length assess the suitability of HLC in Hardangervidda and key ways by which the approach would require modification and adaptation. A concrete method for a Hardangervidda HLC – and a suitable high-level classification – is identified and discussed.
Sammendrag
Sustainable food production in West Africa is increasingly challenged by declining soil fertility, erratic rainfall, and demographic pressures that intensify demand for land. In this context, farmers often respond to stagnating yields by expanding cultivated areas, a strategy that accelerates the conversion of fallows and natural habitats into cropland. This study investigates whether agroecology informed sustainable intensification (SI) packages can improve technical land use efficiency and thereby reduce the incentive for agricultural expansion. The analysis focuses on smallholder maize systems across Northern Ghana, where land degradation and climate variability pose persistent constraints. Using farm level survey data from 372 maize producers across the Northern, Upper East, and Upper West regions, we estimate technical land use efficiency with a translog stochastic frontier model that treats land as a fixed input. This methodological choice provides a direct interpretation of efficiency as the effective land required to produce observed output. The SI package examined includes improved seed, more balanced fertilizer applications, and agroecological practices such as residue retention and intercropping. A matched comparison group of non adopters allows us to isolate adoption effects. The results show that SI adopters are, on average, 21% more land efficient than non participants, implying that approximately 24% less land would be needed to produce the same quantity of maize. Efficiency improvements are most pronounced among farmers initially furthest from the production frontier, indicating substantial equity gains when targeting less efficient producers. The analysis further highlights the importance of enabling conditions: education, advisory services, and access to credit all significantly enhance the likelihood and effectiveness of adoption. These findings strengthen the argument for agroecological transition pathways that bundle technological, institutional, and financial interventions. Such integrated approaches can raise productivity, limit pressure on land expansion, and contribute to land degradation neutrality and climate resilience in the savanna agroecosystems of West Africa.
Sammendrag
Semi‐natural grasslands are valuable habitat for bumblebees ( Bombus spp.) in Fennoscandia. These grasslands are often maintained by livestock such as free‐ranging sheep, but it is unclear if sheep grazing impacts bumblebee communities, and if so, which grazing intensity is best. We compared bumblebee species richness and abundance on semi‐natural grasslands in southeastern Norway at varying levels of disturbance by sheep (0–1680 initially released). We used Bayesian hierarchical models to test the intermediate disturbance hypothesis, that the highest bumblebee abundance and richness would occur at moderate grazing intensity, while considering other important habitat variables: distance to forest, meadow size, sward height, and availability of flowers, litter, and bare soil. We found no support for the intermediate disturbance hypothesis but rather a negative relationship between the number of sheep released and measures of bumblebee species richness and abundance from targeted netting. Effects varied among the most common species. B. pratorum and B. wurflenii were more sensitive to the number of sheep released than were B. jonellus . Bumblebee abundance estimated by two capture methods (blue vane trapping and targeted netting) was only weakly correlated and bumblebee species richness estimated from traps was unrelated to any of our predictor variables. Practical implication . Our results suggest a weak negative influence of any amount of sheep grazing on bumblebee abundance and richness. Targeted netting was a more reliable method than blue vane traps to assess effects on the bumblebee community.
Forfattere
Geir Wæhler Gustavsen Philip Bester Van Niekerk Jonas Niklewski Christian Brischke Gry AlfredsenSammendrag
This cross-country study examineed perceptions of maintenance for coated wooden cladding in residential buildings across Norway, Sweden, and Germany. As timber cladding gains popularity in European homes, understanding expectations around cleaning, recoating, and replacement intervals becomes increasingly important. An online survey gathered responses from over 3,000 participants aged 18–89, randomly selected from representative regional panels in each country. The survey focused on the perception of maintenance practices and intervals, while also collecting data on personality traits, risk aversion, and socioeconomic background. Perceived maintenance practices for coated timber cladding differed across countries, but individual characteristics were generally more influential than national context. Most respondents accepted longer cleaning intervals than recommended, while their preferences more closely aligned with guidelines for recoating. Acceptance of replacement intervals varied markedly by country. Longer acceptable maintenance intervals were associated with a higher preference for uncoated cladding, particularly in Germany and Sweden. Younger age, urban residence, limited experience, and selected demographic and personality traits were linked to more intensive maintenance preferences.
Forfattere
Theresa Weigl Jorunn Børve Emily Follett Ingunn Øvsthus Carl Gunnar Fossdal Hanne Larsen Siv Fagertun RembergSammendrag
The mid-early-ripening cultivar ‘Summerred’ is popular among consumers and widely grown in Norway. However, ‘Summerred’ fruit is prone to rapid softening and development of senescence-related disorders, especially senescent breakdown. Calcium can have a significant role in maintaining firmness and delaying senescence of fruits. In a two-year study, foliar application of calcium chloride (CaCl2) was conducted six times, with varying weather conditions between the growing seasons. Fruit was harvested at optimal commercial maturity and stored at 4°C for either 6 or 9 weeks, followed by simulated shelf-life conditions at 20°C. Ethylene levels were monitored during storage to detect ripening discrepancies. At harvest, CaCl2-treated fruit exhibited significantly lower ethylene production compared to untreated fruit, although no differences were observed at the end of the storage period. Senescent breakdown showed significant variability between the two seasons, with an incidence of up to 15% in the first season and nearly no incidence in the second. Senescent breakdown increased with storage duration but was unaffected by foliar CaCl2 application. Real-time PCR analysis of fruit flesh samples revealed increased expression of polygalacturonase and β-galactosidases genes after storage, indicating their involvement in apple softening. Notably, there were no differences in gene expression between CaCl2-treated and untreated fruit after storage. Expression patterns of genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis at harvest were different between the two seasons. Higher expression was observed in the year with greater disorder development, indicating greater maturity at harvest. There were no significant differences in the Streif index between the two years.
Forfattere
Pia BorgSammendrag
Som en del av prosjektet "Fastsettelse av holdbarhet og betydning for matsvinn – hvordan fastsetter ulike matprodusenter holdbarheten?" har vi sammenliknet skriftlig veiledning om holdbarhetsmerking på nettsidene til Mattilsynet (Norge), Livsmedelsverket (Sverige) og Fødevarestyrelsen (Danmark). Vi har også sett på likheter og forskjeller mellom hva de tre tilsynene skriver om veiledning.
Forfattere
Pia BorgSammendrag
We compared written guidance on date marking on the websites of Norwegian Food Safety Authority, Swedish Food Agency, and the Danish Agriculture and Fisheries Agency. We also compared what the three authorities write about guidance as a tool .
Forfattere
Pia BorgSammendrag
Presentasjonen oppsummerer resultatene fra NIBIO sitt utredningsprosjekt «Jordbruk og karbonhandel – kunnskapsstatus og mulige konsekvenser».