Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2018
Sammendrag
The population structure of cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus L.), collected from Krkonose Mountains (the Czech Republic), continental Norway and Spitsbergen, was examinedusing microsatellite analyses (SSR). Among 184 individuals, 162 different genotypeswere identified. The overall unbiased gene diversity was high (̂h=0.463). A high level of genetic differentiation among populations (FST = 0.45; p < .01) indicated restricted gene flow between populations. Using a Bayesian approach, six clusters were found which represented the genetic structure of the studied cloudberry populations. The value of correlation index between genetic and geographical distances (r = .44) indicates that gene flow, even over a long distance, could exist. An exact test of population differentiation showed that Rubus chamaemorus populations from regions (Krkonose Mountains,continental Norway and Spitsbergen) are differentiated although some individuals within populations share common alleles even among regions. These results were confirmed by AMOVA, where the highest level of diversity was found within populations(70.8%). There was no difference between 87 pairs of populations (18.7%) mostly within cloudberry populations from continental Norway and from Spitsbergen. Based on obtained results, it is possible to conclude that Czech and Norwegian cloudberry popula-tions are undergoing differentiation, which preserves unique allele compositions most likely from original populations during the last glaciation period. This knowledge will be important for the creation and continuation of in situ and ex situ conservation of cloud-berry populations within these areas.
Sammendrag
Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) is one of the important economical berry species found in the boreal forests of northern latitudes such as Norway and Finland. They are rich in anthocyanins, carotenoids vitamins and other flavonoids that accumulates in skin and flesh of the fruit. Berries from northern latitudes are found to contain more phytochemicals with anti-oxidant capacity than southern clones. It is mainly due to the environmental conditions of northern hemisphere and genetic adaptation that favors higher accumulation of bioactive metabolites such as anthocyanins. The phenylpropanoid pathway is the major key regulatory system for most of the bioactive compounds including anthocyanins which are synthesized via a branch called as flavanoid pathway. Abiotic factors, such as temperature, photoperiodism, light quality & quantity has a major role in biosynthesis and regulation mechanisms. It is usually mediated by MBW complex (R2R3 MYB transcription factors, basic helix-loop-helix and WD 40 repeat proteins). Our studies has been currently focussed on understanding the developmental and environmental regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in early to late ripening stages of non-climacteric bilberry fruit in response to different light conditions. The bilberry clones were collected from an island near Tromsø and were subjected to different light conditions such as red, far-red and blue wavelength from Heliospectra lamps during the onset of ripening stages. Simultaneously, the unriped berries were also detached and kept in petri dishes under the lamps to analyze the response of anthocyanin accumulation. Morphological changes in berry skin color were scored from the petri plates. Also, the fruit and leaf tissues were collected from the plants for gene expression analysis of biosynthetic structural genes such as anthocyanin synthase, chalcone synthase and regulatory genes (MBW transcrption factors) at different time points. Our preliminary results has shown that red and blue wavelengths are positively upregulating the anthocyanin accumulation during different developmental stages of bilberry.
Sammendrag
Wild berries are abundant in phytochemicals that consists primarily of flavonoids, carotenoids and some related polyphenolic compounds that accumulates in skin and flesh of the fruit. These compounds are key contributors for nutritional composition of fruits with anti-oxidant capacity. Anthocyanins, one of the most conspicuous classes of flavonoids together with proanthocyanidins and their derivatives are important plant pigments responsible for the red, pink, purple, and blue colors in plants. The berries from northern latitudes are found to contain more phytochemicals with antioxidant capacity than southern clones. It is mainly due to the environmental conditions of northern hemisphere and genetic adaptation that favors higher accumulation of bioactive metabolites. Phenylpropanoid pathway is the major key regulatory system for most of the bioactive compounds including anthocyanins which itself synthesized via a branch called the flavanoid pathway. Abiotic factors, such as temperature, photoperiodism, light quality & quantity has a major role in biosynthesis and regulation mechanisms. It is usually mediated by MBW complex (R2R3 MYBs, bHLH and WD 40 repeat proteins). The present study is focused on bridging the gap between environmental cues in regulation of the biosynthesis in two non-climacteric berry species, wild bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) and woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) with response to different light conditions. Our preliminary results has shown that red and blue wavelengths are positively upregulating the anthocyanin accumulation during early to late ripening stages of bilberry. Active participation in this Nordplant kickoff meeting will help me to promote my research work and get feedbacks and suggestions among my fellow plant researchers from Nordic countries and partner institutions. It can also help me to improve my knowledge on high throughput phenotyping techniques from the talks and by visiting the cutting edge facilities and infrastructures at University of Helsinki, which can also be applied in this PhD project at later stages.
Forfattere
Inger MartinussenSammendrag
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Forfattere
Anna Avetisyan Anush Panosyan Martina Paponov Ivan Paponov Inger Martinussen Kirsten Krause Zara Harutyunyan Irina Vardanian Andreas Melikyan Manvel Badalyan Tatevik Aloyan Alla Vardanyan Samvel Shoukourian Laura JaakolaSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Pia Heltoft ThomsenSammendrag
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Forfattere
Pia Heltoft ThomsenSammendrag
Det er stort fokus på akrylamid i mat, da dette stoffet er mistenkt å være kreftfremkallende. Akrylamid dannes ved sterk oppvarming av blant annet potetprodukter. Pommes frites og chips er produkter som konsumeres av alle aldersgrupper, og det er derfor viktig å senke akrylamid nivåene. For å redusere innholdet et det behov for økt kunnskap om lagringsforhold og råvarekvalitet, og samspillet mellom disse faktorene. Ut fra tidligere undersøkelser er det grunn til å tro at luftsammensetningen under lagring kan være en viktig faktor. Målsettingen med prosjektet var å redusere akrylamidinnholdet i potetchips gjennom ny kunnskap om optimale lagringsforhold for poteter. Det var særlig fokus på betydningen av forhøyede karbondioksidnivåer, og samspillet mellom luftsammensetning og råvarekvalitet.....
Forfattere
Pia Heltoft ThomsenSammendrag
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Forfattere
Pia Heltoft ThomsenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag