Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2010
Forfattere
Wendy Marie Waalen Lawrence Gusta Karen Tanino Jorunn Elisabeth Olsen Odd Arne Rognli Ragnar EltunSammendrag
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Sammendrag
No significant differences in frost tolerance between velvet bentgrass and creeping bentgrass was observed when freezing occurred directly after acclimation. Acclimation under natural conditions was more effective than under controlled conditions. The quantitative and qualitative composition of nonstructural carbohydrates, particularly fructans, varied among bentgrass species, but did not correlate with frost tolerance. The accumulation of fructans may play a role in other aspects of winter hardiness. Subfreezing acclimation increased the frost tolerance of velvet bentgrass and creeping bentgrass.
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
laurice Cecillion Daniel Rasse Katrin Knoth de Zarruk Alice Budai Roald Sørheim R Janotte G Ragan E Ancelet F Bray JJ Brun S D Danieli C E Thompsson A F Plante G HudsonSammendrag
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Sammendrag
The semi-individual tree crown approach (semi-ITC) was used to predict crown base heights (CBH) on the level of single crown segments based on airborne laser scanning (ALS) derived metrics. The root-mean-squared-differences (RMSD) on the segment level were smallest for spruce. However, they were larger than the standard deviation of the measured CBH for pine and birch. The RMSD values were also larger compared to other studies. This can in part be explained by the fact that the semi-ITC approach incorporates errors of the segmentation algorithm. As a consequence, all instead of only correctly identified trees were considered in modeling which results in more realistic RMSD values. After aggregating the individual segment predictions to the plot level, the RMSD values were smaller than the standard deviations of the field measurements and comparable to other studies. The relative RMSD values for birch, spruce, pine and all species were 51.61, 35.22, 49.28, and 13.89%, respectively.
Sammendrag
The furfurylation process is an extensively investigated wood modification process. Furfuryl alcohol molecules penetrate into the wood cell wall and polymerize in situ. This results in a permanent swelling of the wood cell walls. It is unclear whether or not chemical bonds exist between the furfuryl alcohol polymer and the wood. In the present study, five different wood species were used, both hardwoods and softwoods. They were treated with three different furfurylation procedures and leached according to three different leaching methods. The present study shows that, in general, the leachates from furfurylated wood have low toxicity. It also shows that the choice of leaching method is decisive for the outcome of the toxicity results. Earlier studies have shown that leachates from wood treated with furfuryl alcohol prepolymers have higher toxicity to Vibrio fischeri than leachates from wood treated with furfuryl alcohol monomers. This is probably attributable to differences in leaching of chemical compounds. The present study shows that this difference in the toxicity most likely cannot be attributed to maleic acid, furan, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, or 2-furoic acid. However, the difference might be caused by the two substances 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and 2,5-furandimethanol. The present study found no difference in the amount of leached furfuryl alcohol between leachates from furfurylated softwood and furfurylated hardwood species. Earlier studies have indicated differences in grafting of furfuryl alcohol to lignin. However, nothing was found in the present study that could support this. The leachates of furfurylated wood still need to be investigated further to identify the chemical differences between wood furfurylated with furfuryl alcohol monomers and furfuryl alcohol prepolymers.
Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
Kunnskap om hvordan vann, partikler (SS), fosfor (P) og nitrogen (N) fordeler seg på grøfte- og overflateavrenning i norske jordbruksarealer er nødvendig for å kunne si noe om effekter av tiltak mot landbruksforurensing. Denne rapporten presenterer en sammenstilling av data med lange måleserier for å øke forståelsen av transportveier og kvantifisere fordelingen mellom grøfte- og overflatevann. Data for ti småfelter og rutefelter med målinger av SS, P og N i avrenning i både grøfte- og overflatevann over en lengre tidsperiode er sammenstilt. Feltene ligger i Trøndelag og på Østlandet, og har varierende størrelse, topografi, jordsmonn, dreneringsintensitet, klima og drift. I middel over feltenes totale måleperiode skjedde 47-91 % av avrenningen via grøftene. Fordeling av N-tap var nært knyttet til fordeling av vann, og 68-97 % av N-tapet skjedde via grøftene. For SS- og P-tap var variasjonen mellom felter stor: 5-95 % av SS-tapet skjedde via grøftene, og 11-91 % av P-tapet. I tillegg er variasjon mellom år og sesongvariasjon innen enkeltfelter diskutert, samt effekter av jordarbeiding, vekst og gjødsling.