Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2024
Forfattere
Linn Vassvik Vigdis Vandvik Silje Andrea Hjortland Östman Anders Nielsen Aud Helen HalbritterSammendrag
Plant reproduction in alpine environments is affected by climate both directly through climate impacts on growth and phenology, and indirectly through impacts on the biotic interactions affecting pollination success. These effects can be highly variable in time and space. In this study we investigated how different abiotic and biotic factors influence reproductive investment and success in populations of Ranunculus acris across an alpine landscape over a two-year period. In an alpine area at Finse, southern Norway, we measured reproductive investment (total seed mass) and reproductive success (seed-set rate) in 38 sites differing in temperature (related to elevation) and length of the growing season (related to time of snowmelt). To assess biotic interactions, we measured floral density and pollinator visits and conducted a supplemental pollen experiment. Reproductive investment and success increased with temperature, but only when floral density and/or number of pollinator visits was high, and only in the warmer year (2016). Reproduction in R. acris was pollen-limited in both years, especially at warmer temperature and in sites with early snowmelt. Pollinator visits increased with temperature and with higher floral density, suggesting a shift in relative importance of the biotic factors (from plants to pollinators) in limiting reproduction with increasing temperature. Our study shows that reproductive investment and success in R. acris is affected by climate through the interactive effects of abiotic and biotic processes. These effects vary between years and across the landscape, suggesting a potential for larger-scale buffering of climate change effects in heterogeneous landscapes.
Forfattere
Jean-Claude Grégoire Jochem Bonte Andy Bourke Dragos Cocos Nick Fielding Jostein Gohli Daegan Inward Maartje Klapwijk Christo Nikolov Bjørn Økland Martin Schroeder Florentine Spaans Jozef Vakula Max Blake Rafael De Andrade Moral Maria Destefanis Christine Griffin Andrej Kunca Archie Murchie Cathal Ryan Aoife Smith Hugh F. EvansSammendrag
Six species of Ips de Geer (Coleoptera: Curculionidae; Scolytinae) occur in Europe. They attack weakened or dead conifers but may become aggressive and mass-attack living trees. All species have expanded their ranges in Europe since the late 19th century. Here, we analyse the patterns of this spread and discuss the factors at play. Starting with an assessment of distribution changes of the insects and of their host trees since the nineteenth century, we describe how and, when known, why territorial changes occurred in Fennoscandia (Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and Finland), Central Europe (Czechia, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland, Austria, Germany), the Netherlands, Belgium and Great Britain. Based on these country narratives, we discuss the conditions for, and causes of, territorial expansion. A necessary condition is the presence of host trees of vulnerable ages and sizes, resulting from the post-glaciation expansion of host range. Population changes and territorial expansion are influenced by environmental or anthropic drivers: climatic events (droughts and storms), silvicultural practices and trade. Three main factors favour or hamper the response of the different species to these drivers: active and passive flight capacity, dispersal upon emergence and response to pheromones after take-off, and pre-dispersal mating. These criteria enable identification of differences in the invasive capacities of the six species. In particular, Ips typographus appears to be a poor invader worldwide because of its wide dispersal upon emergence and its delayed response to pheromones. Finally, we discuss the risks to the Irish forests so far uncolonised by Ips species.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Formålet med arbeidet var å sammenligne møller for maling av grasprøver før kjemisk analyse og NIR-analyse. Alternative mølletyper ble testet for homogenitet av malt tørket gras (kornfordeling). Ferdig malte prøver er analysert for fôrkvalitetsparametre på to forskjellige NIR-analyseapparat for å teste om mølletype påvirker resultatene. Konklusjon er at valg av mølle ikke påvirker analyseresultatet.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Et feltforsøk med 10 bringebærsorter ble etablert ved NIBIO Apelsvoll våren 2019, og planteutvikling og avling ble registrert i 2021, 2022 og 2024. Det ble også gjort vurderinger av smakskvalitet og fasthet hos bæra. Her presenteres resultatene med et spesielt fokus på sortsegenskaper for økologisk dyrking.
Sammendrag
Ålegras (Zostera marina) er en blomstrende undervannsplante som danner store enger på bunnen mange steder langs norskekysten. Ålegras spiller en nøkkelrolle i akvatiske økosystemer langs kysten, og mange arter er helt avhengig av habitatet ålegraset tilbyr. Dessverre er mange ålegraspopulasjoner i kraftig tilbakegang i Norge og verden forøvrig, og derfor pågår flere restaureringsprosjekter. Det er da viktig å bruke plantemateriale fra friske ålegrasenger. I den forbindelse ble NIBIO bedt om å kontrollere ålegrasenger i Oslofjorden for skadegjørere innen artsgruppen oomyceter fordi det nylig er gjort funn av disse flere steder i Norge. I utgangspunktet gjaldt dette to ålegrasenger, men da de første engene ikke var friske, ble ytterligere fire enger undersøkt for skadegjørere, samt bunnsedimentet på to plasser der ålegraset etter planen skal transplanteres til. Denne rapporten inneholder resultatene fra disse undersøkelsene, samt tidligere funn i Norge og våre anbefalinger.
Forfattere
Pia Heltoft ThomsenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Europe’s Earth Observation programme for climate and environmental monitoring, Copernicus, provides ready-made thematic layers in the form of High-Resolution Layers (HRL). Examples include Water and Wetness, Small woody features, Grassland and Imperviousness. These datasets are freely available and comparable across Europe, but are they of high enough quality to be useful in national monitoring? In a collaborative project between Norway and Poland, we tested the accuracy and usefulness of these products for environmental monitoring, either alone or in combination with national data. We identified several challenges, ranging from errors in the data, difficulties finding information needed in the verification work, issues related to definitions and thresholds and the time-lag before data are available. However, the work also highlighted gaps and weaknesses in the national geographic datasets. We conclude that there is a clear need for the CLMS products. We advise caution in using the products until they have been improved but see that they have great potential for future use in environmental monitoring.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag