Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2021
Authors
Inger HansenAbstract
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Authors
Chedly Kastally Alina Katariina Niskanen Annika Perry Sonja T. Kujala Komlan Avia Sandra Cervantes Matti Haapanen Robert Kesälahti Timo A. Kumpula Tiina M. Mattila Dario Isidro Ojeda Alayon Jaakko S. Tyrmi Witold Wachowiak Stephen Cavers Katri Kärkkäinen Outi Savolainen Tanja PyhäjärviAbstract
Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine) is the most widespread coniferous tree in the boreal forests of Eurasia, with major economic and ecological importance. However, its large and repetitive genome presents a challenge for conducting genome-wide analyses such as association studies, genetic mapping and genomic selection. We present a new 50K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping array for Scots pine research, breeding and other applications. To select the SNP set, we first genotyped 480 Scots pine samples on a 407 540 SNP screening array and identified 47 712 high-quality SNPs for the final array (called ‘PiSy50k’). Here, we provide details of the design and testing, as well as allele frequency estimates from the discovery panel, functional annotation, tissue-specific expression patterns and expression level information for the SNPs or corresponding genes, when available. We validated the performance of the PiSy50k array using samples from Finland and Scotland. Overall, 39 678 (83.2%) SNPs showed low error rates (mean = 0.9%). Relatedness estimates based on array genotypes were consistent with the expected pedigrees, and the level of Mendelian error was negligible. In addition, array genotypes successfully discriminate between Scots pine populations of Finnish and Scottish origins. The PiSy50k SNP array will be a valuable tool for a wide variety of future genetic studies and forestry applications.
Abstract
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Abstract
Denne rapporten presenterer ei oversikt over beiteressurser for husdyr i utmark i regionen Inntrøndelag, og for hver av de tre kommunene i regionen. Det er gitt omtale av beitekvalitet og laget beregninger av beitekapasitet sett i forhold til ressursgrunnlag og beitebruken i 2020. Det er også sett opp oversikt over areal av innmarksbeite i region og kommuner. Arbeidet er gjort på oppdrag frå ØVLI-prosjektet.
Authors
Fay Madeleine Farstad Erlend Andre T. Hermansen Merethe Dotterud Leiren Jørgen Wettestad Lars Harald Gulbrandsen Gunnhild Søgaard Lasse Fridstrøm Marianne Knapskog Tanu Priya Uteng Knut ØistadAbstract
Klimaregelverket er en sentral del av ‘Klar for 55’-pakken og EUs grønne giv (European Green Deal – EGD). I denne rapporten fokuserer vi på sentrale foreslåtte endringer av dette regelverket, og mulige implikasjoner for Norge. Forslagene for kvotesystemet og innsatsfordelingsforordningen utgjør ikke radikale endringer for Norge og har relativt bred støtte. Derimot er forslaget for arealbrukssektoren mer kontroversielt. Det vil være svært krevende for Norge å nå målene for innsatsfordelingsforordningen og arealbrukssektoren. Norge bør likevel være varsom med å legge opp til mye bruk av fleksible mekanismer. Det blir viktig å følge med på det store bildet, som samspillseffekter med andre deler av EGD, hestehandler mellom land, Brexit og internasjonal politikk. EGD og det omkringliggende politiske landskapet er komplekst og utfordrer eksisterende måter å jobbe på. Vi håper denne rapporten gir et tidlig kunnskapsbidrag til debatten om- og arbeidet med EGD.
Authors
Svein Olav Krøgli Wendy Fjellstad Linda Aune-Lundberg Agata Hościło Aneta Lewandowska Milena ChmielewskaAbstract
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Authors
Oskar PuschmannAbstract
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Abstract
The effect of agricultural practices on water quality of Old Woman Creek (OWC) watershed was evaluated in a hydrological model using the Parameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) climate data and 20 different global circulation models (GCMs) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). A hydrological model was set up in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), while calibration was done using a Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm and Pareto Optimization with PRISM climate data. Validation was done using the measured data from the USGS gage station at Berlin Road in the OWC watershed and water quality data were obtained from the water quality lab, Heidelberg University. Land use scenario simulations were conducted by varying percentages of agricultural land from 20% to 40%, 53.5%, 65%, and 80% while adjusting the forest area. A total of 105 simulations was run for the period 2015–2017: one with PRISM data and 20 with CMIP5 model data for each of the five land use classes scenarios. Ten variables were analyzed, including flow, sediment, organic nitrogen, organic phosphorus, mineral phosphorus, chlorophyll a, CBOD, dissolved oxygen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. For all the variables of interest, the average of the 20 CMIP5 simulation results show good correlation with the PRISM results with an underestimation relative to the PRISM result. The underestimation was insignificant in organic nitrogen, organic phosphorus, total nitrogen, chlorophyll a, CBOD, and total phosphorus, but was significant in CMIP5 flow, sediment, mineral phosphorus, and dissolved oxygen. A weak negative correlation was observed between agricultural land percentages and flow, and between agricultural land percentages and sediment, while a strong positive correlation was observed between agricultural land use and the water quality variables. A large increase in farmland will produce a small decrease in flow and sediment transport with a large increase in nutrient transport, which would degrade the water quality of the OWC estuary with economic implications.
Authors
Hilde Karine WamAbstract
Even in the most pristine of northern Europe, we have lost almost all the long stretches of intact natural lands. We build and travel all over the place. The environmental problems it creates are unsustainable. In this tool kit, the students learn about the good and the bad of our consumption of nature, and are challenged to be conscious about both.
Authors
Alexander Kopatz Oddmund Kleven Ilpo Kojola Jouni Aspi Anita J. Norman Göran Spong Niclas Gyllenstrand Love Dalén Ida Marie Luna Fløystad Snorre Hagen Jonas Kindberg Øystein FlagstadAbstract
Knowledge about the connectivity among natural populations is essential to identify management units for effective conservation actions. Conservation-minded management has led to the recovery of large carnivore populations in northern Europe, possibly restoring connectivity between the two separated, but expanding brown bear (Ursus arctos) populations on the Scandinavian peninsula to the west and Karelia, a part of the large Eurasian population, to the east. The degree of connectivity between these populations has been poorly understood, therefore we investigated the extent of connectivity between the two populations using autosomal microsatellites and Y chromosome haplotypes in 924 male bears (the dispersing sex), sampled during a period of 12 years (2005–2017) across the transborder area where these two populations meet. Our results showed that the two populations are not genetically isolated as reported in earlier studies. We detected recent asymmetrical gene flow at a rate (individuals per generation) of 4.6–5.5 (1%) from Karelia into Scandinavia, whereas the rate was approximately 27.1–34.5 (8%) in the opposite direction. We estimated historical gene flow of effective number of migrants to be between 1.7 and 2.5 between the populations. Analyses of Y chromosome markers supported these results. Successful recovery and expansion of both populations led to the restoration of connectivity, however, it is asymmetric, possibly due to different recovery histories and population densities. By aligning monitoring between neighboring countries, we were able to better understand the biological processes across the relevant spatial scale. Brown bear Genetic structure Male gene flow Microsatellites Migration Recovery Ursus arctos Wildlife monitoring Y chromosome