Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2026
Sammendrag
Overvåkingsprogrammet, som er finansiert av Mattilsynet, undersøkte i 2025 om karanteneskadegjøreren furuvednematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) var til stede i hogstavfall fra furu eller i furubukker av slekten Monochamus, kjent som vektorer for B. xylophilus. I programmets delaktivitet som omfattet kartlegging av furuvednematode i hogstavfall ble det tatt 404 flisprøver fra hogstavfall og vindfall av furu (Pinus sylvestris) med tegn på angrep av furubukker i slekten Monochamus. Prøvene ble tatt i Akershus, Innlandet og Østfold. Flisprøvene ble inkubert ved 25 °C i to uker, før nematoder ble ekstrahert med Baermann-trakt og undersøkt i mikroskop. Furuvednematoden B. xylophilus ble ikke påvist, men den naturlig forekommende arten Bursaphelenchus mucronatus kolymensis ble oppdaget i åtte flisprøver. Siden overvåkingen av furuvednematode startet i 2000, har alle de 10 141 analyserte flisprøvene vært negative for furuvednematode. I programmets delaktivitet som omfattet kartlegging av furuvednematode i furubukker ble feller med kjemiske attraktanter for fangst av voksne, flygende furubukker satt opp nær vareimportsteder i Akershus, Oslo, Vestfold, Rogaland og Trøndelag. Ingen Monochamus-biller ble fanget, noe som kan tyde på at varer importert til de overvåkte importstedene ikke inneholdte levende Monochamus-biller. Fraværet av Monochamus-biller i fellene tyder også på at det var lite naturlig hjemmehørende Monochamus-biller i overvåkingsområdene.
Forfattere
Dalphy Ondine Camira Harteveld Abdelhameed Elameen Simo Maduna Adam Vivian-Smith Andrea Podavkova Sabine Oettl Stefanie Maria Primisser Jorunn BørveSammendrag
Small, superficial rot spots occurring around lenticels postharvest on apple in Norway have not been identified but were assumed to be underdeveloped Neofabraea lesions. Fungal isolation from such spots on fruit from the 2022 season revealed both Neofabraea perennans and Ramularia spp., identified by B-tubulin and ITS sequencing, respectively. In the 2023 season, isolations were made from fruit with spots resembling dry lenticel spot caused by Ramularia mali. The aim of this study was to identify the Ramularia species associated with the postharvest fruit spots in Norway. Multiple gene regions of five Norwegian isolates (E20, E21 from 2022; 13,15 and 18 from 2023) and three reference isolates, R. mali, R. eucalypti, and R. collo-cygni, were sequenced and used for phylogenetic analysis. The Norwegian isolates were distinct from the included reference isolates, but clustered with other Ramularia species. Isolates 13, 18 and E21 clustered with Ramularia vizellae, while isolates 15 and E20 were most closely related to Ramularia phacae-frigidae. Isolate E20 was sequenced using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies MinION platform. Pathogenicity was assessed in a field inoculation study using isolate E21, resulting in typical spot development on inoculated fruit. Ramularia vizellae has previously been reported from dead apple leaf litter and other woody hosts in the Netherlands and Iran, while R. phacae-frigidae was originally described from Phaca frigida in Switzerland. Neither species has previously been reported in association with apple fruit spotting. While Ramularia mali has caused outbreaks on apple in several European countries, recent studies hypothesize that the symptoms may be caused by a species complex with regional variation. The present results identify candidate species contributing to this complex in Norway and highlight the need for further studies to improve species delimitation and pathogenicity.
Forfattere
Theresa Weigl Jorunn Børve Melissa Magerøy Hanne Larsen Carl Gunnar Fossdal Siv Fagertun RembergSammendrag
The physiological disorder soft scald may cause losses in apple fruit storage. This study aimed at understanding the interplay between fruit maturity at harvest and storage temperature on soft scald development in the susceptible cultivar ‘Red Aroma’. Fruit harvested late and subsequently stored at −0.5 °C developed the significantly highest soft scald incidence. Overall ethylene and CO2-production was reduced in late harvested fruit stored at −0.5 °C, while fruit from the early harvest showed a cold-induced ethylene increase under the same storage conditions, suggesting an active cold-acclimation response. Clustering of RNA sequencing data and overrepresentation analysis revealed that transcripts involved in cell wall modification, ripening-associated signaling, antioxidant defense system and secondary metabolism were upregulated in late harvested fruit at harvest as well as soft scald-affected fruit after storage. In contrast, early harvested fruit at harvest and disorder-free fruit after storage showed higher expression of transcripts associated with abiotic stress resistance, such as leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases, protein kinases with tetratricopeptide repeat domains, and auxin response factor, indicating a potential link between early maturity and enhanced cold tolerance in ‘Red Aroma’ apple fruit.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Heidi Udnes Aamot Magne Nordang Skårn Katherine Ann Gredvig Nielsen Chloé Grieu Guro BrodalSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
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Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
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Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
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Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Simeon Rossmann Erik Lysøe Monica Skogen Håvard Eikemo Marta Janiszewska Mirella Ludwiczewska Sylwester Sobkowiak Jadwiga Sliwka May Bente BrurbergSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
K.R. Everett N. Alkan C.L. Lennox M. Wenneker R.R. Burlakoti R.W.A. Scheper S.G. Aćimović D. Adora L. Aragón E. Baldassarre Svecova M. Bannister A. Bernasconi S. Bhatia I. Block Jorunn Børve A. Casas M. Chillet E.K. Dann G. Derrick S. Droby M. van Dyk J. Faust S. Gabioud Rebeaud M. Guizzardi J.L. Henriquez S. Kabir S. Kandel G.S. Karaoglanidis R. Kilmister F. Khodadadi A. Licheter P.-H. Lo K. Ludman-Mihaly D. Marinkovich G. Makhathini Mkhwanazi J.C. Meitz-Hopkins J.M. van Niekerk I. Nokdy L. Palou J. Parra G. Parton K. Peter S. Pushparajah W. du Plooy S. Rivera G. Romanazzi F.R. Shiraz S. Testempasis K. Tomingas C. de Villiers X. XuSammendrag
A workshop was held during the VII International Symposium on Postharvest Pathology (held in conjunction with the IX International Postharvest Symposium and the X International Symposium on Human Health Effects of Fruit and Vegetables) to discuss reducing fungicides in orchards for controlling postharvest diseases. This article summarizes the discussion that was guided by four convenors (Burlakoti, Wenneker, Lennox, Alkan), stimulated by the two organizers (Scheper, Everett), and contributed to by 45 workshop participants. Alternative treatments and procedures discussed included the importance of an elucidated disease cycle and knowledge of pathogen biology to target control strategies. Also discussed were novel/unconventional controls such as inducing a defense response or RNA interference, biocontrol including new knowledge of the microbiome, manipulation of the environment and physical treatments. Given the complexity of fruit decay and pathogen resistance processes, a combination of treatments is likely to be the best solution. For instance, combining physical treatments like UV-C exposure with biological priming or chemical agents could result in synergistic effects that enhance resistance more effectively than any single treatment alone.