Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2007
Sammendrag
Vortemjølkrust (Melampsora euphorbiae (Schub.) Cast.) vart hausten 2006 for første gong funnen i norske julestjerner (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd). Soppen gir nekrotiske flekkar på oversida av blada og typiske gul-oransje rustflekkar på undersida. Skadeomfanget varierte, men i nokre parti vart soppen observert på opp til 13 blad på enkeltplanter og også funnen på braktéane. Angrep vart i 2006 rapportert i 7 gartneri frå Trøndelag og nordover til og med Troms, og i 12 julestjernesortar. Soppen er vanleg på ulike Euphorbia-artar, også i Noreg, men er til no berre funnen på julestjerne i India, Tanzania og Mauritius.
Sammendrag
I to års forsøk med beising av settepoteter med ulik smittegrad av svartskurvsoppen har beising bare ført til litt raskere spiring, og ingen sikre effekter på avlingsmengde og tørrstoff. Settepoteter med lavt smittenivå av svartskurv spirte raskest. Mengden svartskurv-sklerotier på knollene ble litt redusert ved beising, men frekvens av knoller med svartskurv-sklerotier ble ikke redusert. Det ble ikke sikre forskjeller i virkning av beisemidlene eller påføringsmetodene på avling eller kvalitet.
Sammendrag
Det ble funnet til dels gode korrelasjoner mellom mengde Fusarium og mykotoksiner.
Sammendrag
Det ble funnet til dels gode korrelasjoner mellom mengde Fusarium og mykotoksiner.
Sammendrag
The results from the biological characterization of 11 PMTV isolates were presented. Based on the symptoms observed in N. tabacum and pepper as well as the ability to systemically infect N. tabacum, pepper and N. rustica, more than one PMTV strain seem to be present in Norway. The molecular characterization of these isolates is being carried out. It is important to mention that the symptoms can only be observed if the plants are grown under cool conditions (16-18ºC). However, under cool conditions the systemic infection of the virus is drastically delayed. The possible resistance against PMTV in ten different potato varieties was tested. The experiments were carried in three different locations and in the main research station. No truly resistant variety was found. In addition, a correlation between climatic factors and the occurrence of spraing was observed. No correlation between resistance to S. subterranea and resistance to PMTV was observed. The use of pot-test with infected soil to test for resistance to powdery scab and PMTV can be easily applied. The resistance testing will be continued including new varieties. Tolerance to PMTV (lack of symptom expression in infected tubers) will be assessed.
Forfattere
Kari ØrstadSammendrag
Vi vil presenterfe strategier for kontroll og metoder for å unngå spredning av bladlusoverførte virus, med potetvirus Y som eksempel. Vi vil også legge fram de siste resultatene fra prosjekter som er i gang, potetmopptoppvirus (PMTV) prosjektet og prosjektet på rattelvirus (TRV) som er nytt fra i år.
Sammendrag
Potato mop-top virus (PMTV) is one of the most damaging viruses infecting potato due to the brown rings and arcs (spraing) it induces in tubers. In Norway the disease has spread slowly, especially in the potato growing areas of Trøndelag and southern Norway. The survival of PMTV-carrying resting spores for at least 12 years in the field complicates control measures, and once the virus has been established in a potato field eradication is unlikely. In this study, the distribution and variability of PMTV in Norway is being investigated. Soil samples (349) from all over Norway have been examined for the presence of PMTV. Bait plants of Nicotiana benthamiana and N. debneyi were used to capture PMTV from resting spores of powdery scab in the soil. PMTV was found to be present in 73% of the soil samples and occurred in all counties of Norway. To investigate the possible existence of different PMTV strains, 10 PMTV isolates from different geographical regions were characterised biologically. The results indicate that more than one PMTV strain occurs in Norway.
Sammendrag
A review on the most common potato-infecting viruses was given. The following viruses were described: Potato virus X, Potato virus Y, Potato virus M, Potato virus S, Potato moptop virus and Tobacco rattle virus. The way each virus is transmitted as well as strategies to prevent aphid transmission of viruses was explained
Forfattere
Kari ØrstadSammendrag
Potetvirus A og Y, biologi og årsak til de problemene vi har fått i settepoteter i år. Vintertest av egne settepoteter, utførelse og evt. resultater så langt i år.
Sammendrag
Combinations of covering and fungicide applications were tested on two sweet cherry cultivars; Van during two years (2001 and 2002) and Lapins three years (2001"2003). The following treatments were tested in 2001 and 2002: (i) covering during flowering and from 5 to 6 weeks prior to harvest and throughout harvest, no fungicides applied, (ii) as (i) but fungicides were applied once or twice between the two covering periods, (iii) covered 5 to 6 weeks prior to harvest and throughout harvest, fungicides applied two or three times prior to covering, and (iv) uncovered throughout the season, fungicides applied two or three times in the period from flowering towards harvest. In 2003, the trees were covered only from 5 to 6 weeks prior to harvest and throughout harvest. Both treatments that year received fungicide applications during flowering, but one of the treatments was left unsprayed during the green fruit period prior to covering. Every combination of covering and fungicide applications reduced total fruit decay at harvest significantly compared to a full fungicide programme and no covering. In three of four trials when the trees were covered during flowering and prior to harvest, and fungicide applications were omitted in the green fruit phase between the covering periods, no significant increase in fruit rot occurred compared to treatments where fungicides were applied. However, in one trial there was a significant increase in fruit rot by leaving out one fungicide spray during that intermittent period. Furthermore, if fungicides were only applied during flowering and not on green fruit before covering in 2003, a significant increase in fruit rot occurred. Thus, leaving out fungicide applications during that supposedly less susceptible green fruit period, increased the risk of acquiring fruit rot. Applying fungicides during the green fruit stage significantly reduced the amount of brown rot in four of five trials and anthracnose in one of five trials. No negative effect on fruit quality was found from the extended covering periods. It can be concluded that covering effectively replaced fungicide applications during flowering and prior to harvest.