Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2017
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Based on soil temperature, snow depth and the grown cultivar's maximum attainable level of frost tolerance (LT50c), the FROSTOL model simulates development of frost tolerance (LT50) and winter damage, thereby enabling risk calculations for winter wheat survival. To explore the accuracy of this model, four winter wheat cultivars were sown in a field experiment in Uppsala, Sweden in 2013 and 2014. The LT50 was determined by tests of frost tolerance in November, and the cultivars’ LT50c was estimated. Further, recorded winter survival from 20 winter wheat field variety trials in Sweden and Norway was collected from two winter seasons with substantial winter damages. FROSTOL simulations were run for selected cultivars at each location. According to percentage of winter damage, the cultivar survival was classified as “survived,” “intermediate” or “killed.” Mean correspondence between recorded and simulated class of winter survival was 75% and 37% for the locations in Sweden and Norway, respectively. Stress factors that were not accounted for in FROSTOL might explain the poorer accuracy at the Norwegian locations. The accuracy was poorest for cultivars with intermediate LT50c levels. When low temperature was the main cause of damage, as at the Swedish locations, the model accuracy was satisfying.
Forfattere
Leif Jarle Asheim Petter Hopp Gry Marysol Grøneng Ola Nafstad Agnar Hegrenes Synnøve VatnSammendrag
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Forfattere
Vigdis Vandvik Tessa Bargmann Sigrid Skrivervik Bruvoll Matthew I. Daws Kristine Grimsrud Hanna Lee Pål Thorvaldsen Liv Guri Velle Joachim Paul TöpperSammendrag
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Sammendrag
Gammalnorsk sau er eit vanleg husdyrslag i kystlyngheia. Mange har gammalnorsk sau i utegangardrift der tilhøva ligg til rette for dette, særleg langs kysten på Vestlandet og nordover. Kunnskap om kva sauen beiter gjennom året, og om kvaliteten på dei enkelte beita er viktig når ein skal tilpasse dyretalet til beitegrunnlaget.
Sammendrag
Lyngsviing er ei viktig skjøtselsform for å legge til rette for gode beiteforhold i kystlyngheia. Kunnskap om kva slags artar som veks fram etter sviing og kor fort desse artane kjem tilbake, er viktig for å få god bruk av beita og eit godt husdyrhald over tid. Undersøkingar frå norske kystlyngheier syner at vegetasjonen kjem raskare tilbake etter lyngsviing i sør enn i nord. Det bør derfor sviast hyppigare i sør enn i nord.
Sammendrag
Kystlynghei er eit kulturlandskap som i dag er på raudlista over norske naturtypar. Ein av dei største trugslane er opphøyr av tradisjonell beitebruk og lyngsviing, og ein har i dag fleire lyngheier i dårleg hevd. Interessa for kystlynghei er aukande, men er det mogeleg å gjere gamle kystlyngheier om til gode beiteområder igjen?
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Liv Guri Velle Siri Vatsø Haugum Torgrim Log Pål Thorvaldsen Gunnar Thuestad Vigdis VandvikSammendrag
Changes in land-use and climate represent major threats to Atlantic heathlands, and extreme climatic events, such as droughts, are likely to increase in frequency and intensity in the future. This is of particular relevance for nature management, and conservation, as extreme events are expected to have system-wide impacts on species and ecosystems. During the winter of 2014 an intense drought combined with low temperatures resulted in a massive dieback of Calluna vulgaris in the Norwegian heathlands, and two severe heathland wildfires occurred. With this as a background, a new Norwegian research project: Land use management to ensure ecosystem service delivery under new societal and environmental pressures in heathlands (LandPress) were initiated. LandPress combines observational data on ecosystem responses and resilience after the 2014 event with targeted experiments, one of them the International Drought Experiment, integrating our project into an international context. Drought impacts in mature Calluna-stands is investigated along a 650-km latitudinal gradient in Norway. Our first results indicate more drought damage in northern heathlands than in southern. Healthy Calluna was only observed in scattered patches with more suitable micro-climate, and, interestingly, in some areas regenerating after recent prescribed management burning. Moreover, drying experiments to learn how quickly Calluna plants dry up at 20°C and 50% relative humidity from rain-wet conditions showed that old Calluna stands represents a severe fire risk within two days. Young and more vigorous plants in the building phase (6–15 years old), as well as freeze drought damaged (typically some dead small branches), old but still live plants, showed different drying characteristics and dried more slowly. LandPress interlaces five work packages, exploring the impact of land-use change in combination with extreme climatic events in terms of vegetation change, ecosystem resilience, ecosystem services provisioning, sustainability, and evidence-based management and fire risk prevention.