Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2026
Forfattere
James Weldon Wenche Aas Barbara Albiniak Algirdas Augustaitis Ieva Baužienė Camilla Capelli Nicholas Clarke Thomas Cummins Heleen de Wit Thomas Dirnböck Ika Djukic Karin Eklöf Martin Forsius Martyn Futter Ulf Grandin Sergei Gromov Adéla Holubová Šmejkalová Ricardo Ibañez Iveta Indriksone Sara Jutterström Johannes Kobler Heidi Koger Angelika Kölbl Andrzej Kostrzewski Anna Koukhta Pavel Krám Robert Kruszyk Esther Lasheras Kairi Lõhmus Mikołaj Majewski Ulla Makkonen Hampus Markensten Rafael Miranda Michael Mirtl Filip Moldan Giancarlo Papitto Johannes Peterseil Ainis Pivoras Thomas Plha Gisela Pröll Pernilla Rönnback Carolina Santamaría Jesús Miguel Santamaría Krzysztof Skotak David Elustondo Mercedes Valerio Sarah Venier Lieke E. Vlaar Liisa Ukonmaanaho Jussi Vuorenmaa Nicole WellbrockSammendrag
Abstract The International Cooperative Programme on Integrated Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Ecosystems (ICP IM) presents a comprehensive long-term dataset of ongoing integrated ecosystem monitoring from European forested catchments. The dataset encompasses measurements from 46 monitoring stations across 14 European countries, with temporal coverage mostly extending from the early 1990s to 2020 (48 sites are currently active). The integrated monitoring approach applies over 20 monitoring subprogrammes to simultaneously measure physical, chemical, and biological properties across multiple ecosystem compartments including atmosphere, precipitation, throughfall, soil water, groundwater, runoff water, soil, vegetation, and biota. All measurements follow standardised protocols detailed in the ICP IM Manual, ensuring data quality and comparability across sites and time periods. The dataset supports research on ecosystem responses to air pollution, climate change impacts, and biogeochemical cycling. Data are available under a Creative Commons By Attribution (CC BY) licence, providing valuable long-term environmental monitoring data for the scientific community.
Forfattere
Jiajun Wu Bin Zhou Zhehao Huang Zichuan Li Jingyuan Pan Kaihao Zhang Cheng Liu Yanjun Chai Yan Li Muhammad Azeem Nicholas Clarke Shengdao ShanSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Kathrin Yvonne Weber Erlend Grenager Sørmo Gerard Cornelissen Alice Budai Daniel Rasse Harald Bier Troy RobichaudSammendrag
Biochar has emerged as a promising carbon dioxide removal (CDR) solution that combines long-term carbon storage with benefits for soil health, waste management, and industrial applications. This report provides a comprehensive assessment of the current state of biochar across feedstocks, production technologies, material properties, and end-use pathways, with a particular focus on its role in climate mitigation. Drawing on scientific literature and international case studies, the report evaluates the carbon sequestration potential, environmental performance, and technological maturity of biochar systems. It distinguishes between applications that deliver durable carbon removal and those that primarily contribute to emission reductions. The report further examines deployment barriers, including feedstock availability, regulatory frameworks, market development, and safety considerations, and reviews the status of biochar implementation across Mission Innovation countries. Based on these insights, it outlines key opportunities and recommendations to support the responsible scale-up of biochar as a climate solution.
Forfattere
Kathrin Yvonne Weber Erlend Grenager Sørmo Gerard Cornelissen Alice Budai Daniel Rasse Harald Bier Troy RobichaudSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Studien undersøkte hvordan ulike dreneringssystemer (torpedo-, slisse- og tradisjonelle grøfter) påvirker hydrologi, nitrogentap, lystgassutslipp og avling av korn på marin leire. Bakgrunnen er økende nedbørintensitet som gjør god drenering nødvendig for å sikre avlinger. Forsøket ble gjennomført fra 2023 til 2025 på Grimsrud gård, Østfold der vannstrømning, jordfuktighet, nitrat i drensvann og klimagassutslipp ble målt. Tekniske problemer førte imidlertid til databrudd i flere sesonger. Hydrologiske data viste store variasjoner mellom både systemer og år. Torpedogrøftene hadde ofte noe høyere avrenning og langsommere tørkehastighet, trolig på grunn av høyere jordfuktighet og mulig jordpakking. Nitratmålinger viste ingen entydige forskjeller mellom systemene, og stor romlig variasjon mellom grøfter gjorde det vanskelig å beregne representative N‑tap. Sensorene viste karakteristiske nitratpulser under nedbør, men episodisk avrenning skapte usikkerhet. Lystgassmålingene viste gjennomgående høyere N₂O‑utslipp i torpedosystemet, særlig under våte forhold tidlig i sesongen. Dette indikerer økt denitrifikasjon i perioder med begrenset dreneringsytelse. Avlingsregistreringer viste ingen systematiske forskjeller mellom dreneringsmetodene. Samlet viser resultatene at forskjeller mellom systemene er vanskelige å dokumentere sikkert på grunn av stor naturlig variasjon og tekniske utfordringer. Videre overvåkning med forbedret måleoppsett anbefales for å kunne vurdere langtidseffekter på hydrologi og nitrogentap.
Forfattere
Aline Roma Tomaz Rattan Lal William Ramos da Silva Thiago Inagaki Aline dos Santos Correia Felipe José Cury Fracetto Giselle Gomes Monteiro Fracetto Clever Briedis Débora Marcondes Bastos Pereira Milori Abelardo Antônio de Assunção Montenegro Ademir de Oliveira FerreiraSammendrag
In semiarid regions, soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and soil organic matter (SOM) pools are often low due to limited biomass input and inadequate management. This study evaluated SOC stocks and SOM fractions in a forage cactus–sorghum intercropping system irrigated with treated sewage water under diverse mulch in the northeastern Brazilian semiarid. The experiment followed a randomized split-plot block design with four replicates. Main plots included four irrigation levels (0, 80, 100, and 120 % of sorghum evapotranspiration (ETc)), and split plots comprised two mulch treatments: no mulch (NM) and mulch (WM) with 8 Mg ha−1 of sabi grass, spiny burrgrass, and goosegrass. Soil samples were collected at 0–0.10, 0.10–0.20, and 0.20–0.40 m depths in three sorghum cuts to determine labile SOM fractions: hot water-extractable C (HWEO-C), potassium permanganate-oxidizable C (POX-C), and particulate organic C (POC). In addition, SOC stocks and humic substances (HS), including humin (HU), fulvic acid (FA), and humic acid (HA), were determined at the end of the experiment. Intercropping system productivity was also evaluated. The highest SOC, POC, POX-C, and HWEO-C stocks occurred in 80WM and 100WM treatments, especially in HS, with HU as the dominant component. SOC in the HU fraction exceeded that in native vegetation soils, with threefold increases at 0–0.10 m and six-to sevenfold increases in deeper layers. Soils without irrigation, regardless of mulch, exhibited lower C storage, underscoring the importance of water management. Combining reclaimed water irrigation and mulching enhanced SOC accumulation, particularly in stable humic fractions, boosted carbon sequestration and crop productivity, and fostered sustainable, climate-resilient agriculture in semiarid tropical regions.
Sammendrag
Abstract Background and Aims Efficient phosphorus (P) and management is essential for sustainable arable systems. Cover crops (CCs) are promising, but their performance is uncertain in high-latitudes. This three-year study evaluated CCs’ effects on P dynamics in a P-rich soil undersown in barley in Mid-Norway (63.9°N)—one of the northernmost trials of its kind. Methods A randomized complete block design included three CC treatments: ryegrass (CC1), a ryegrass–clover mix (CC2), and a four species mix including grass, legumes and herbs (CC3), and controls without CC (with/without NPK fertilizer). Soil and plant analyses included total and available P, total N, potentially mineralizable N (PMN), pH, permanganate-oxidizable carbon, root biomass, plant P concentrations, and microbial abundance via qPCR. Statistical analysis was based on Linear Mixed Models (LMMs). Results Cover crops successfully established (average biomass: 1525 kg ha⁻ 1 ), accumulated ~ 7 kg P ha⁻ 1 , and did not reduce barley yields. LMMs showed significant effects of CC treatment on root biomass, total P, and bacteria. Pairwise comparisons also revealed that fungal abundances in CC1 and CC3 were significantly higher than in the unfertilized control. Pairwise regression revealed that soil total P was strongly predicted by root biomass (β = 1.37, P < 0.001). Available P was negatively controlled by microbial pools (Bacteria: β = -9.22, P < 0.001) and residue quality (C:P ratio: β = -0.36, P < 0.001). Conclusions CCs can be used at 63°N without yield penalty. The primary P mechanism is mass-driven sequestration (root biomass) into the stable total P pool. However, P availability is temporally constrained by residue quality and microbial competition. Graphical Abstract
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Palingamoorthy Gnanamoorthy Junbin Zhao Yajun Chen Linjie Jiao Boonsiri Sawasdchai Zhang Jing Abhishek Chakraborty Pramit Kumar Deb Burman Sung‐Ching Lee Thomas A. M. Pugh Yiping Zhang Qinghai SongSammendrag
ABSTRACT Increasing drought frequency and intensity affect biophysical functions of natural ecosystems. In tropical semi‐arid savannas, while immediate drought effects are well‐studied, the drought legacy effects on vegetation composition and associated ecosystem functions remain unclear. We used data of vegetation composition, net ecosystem CO 2 exchange, surface albedo and evapotranspiration (ET) in 2017–2022 from a savanna ecosystem, Southwest China, to investigate the legacy effect of an extreme drought event that occurred in 2019. Vegetation declined continuously for 3 post‐drought years. While tree numbers declined by 12%, shrub numbers dropped by 50% compared with pre‐drought levels, shifting vegetation dominance toward trees. This structural change caused sustained reductions in albedo and ET, which remained below pre‐drought levels, despite gross primary production recovering in the years immediately post‐drought. Vegetation shifts disproportionately impact ecosystem functions, with energy and water fluxes exhibiting greater vulnerability and potentially enhancing regional warming as droughts increase in Asian savannas.
Forfattere
Caio Nunes Gonçalves Felipe José Cury Fracetto William Ramos da Silva Thiago Inagaki Renato Lemos dos Santos Giselle Gomes Monteiro Fracetto Ademir de Oliveira FerreiraSammendrag
Sewage sludge-derived biochar, a carbon-rich material produced by the pyrolysis of sewage sludge, has emerged as a promising amendment for enhancing the fertility and biological quality of nutrient-poor sandy soils in tropical regions. We investigated the effects of sewage sludge (SS) and its biochar (SSB) on microbial indicators, nutrient dynamics, and sugarcane biomass growth in sandy soil over 120 days. Treatments included individual applications of SS (40 Mg ha−1) and SSB (20 Mg ha−1), their combinations at 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75 SS:SSB ratios, a mineral fertilizer, and an unfertilized control. Microbial biomass carbon (Cmic), basal C-CO2 flux, metabolic (qCO2) and microbial (qMic) quotients were monitored, along with ammonium and nitrate levels, available phosphorus (P), and carbon stock. SS promoted a rapid rise in microbial activity and Cmic, whereas SSB sustained these effects over time, demonstrating complementary roles. The 75:25 combination exhibited the strongest synergistic response, enhancing microbial efficiency (higher qMic and lower qCO2), P availability, and carbon storage. Ammonium and nitrate peaked during early and mid-stages, respectively, with the highest values under SS. At the same time, P availability and soil carbon stocks were maximized under 75:25. Sugarcane biomass increased significantly in this treatment, despite foliar N and P concentrations remaining below sufficiency levels. These results highlight clear synergistic interactions between SS and SSB, emphasizing that the 75:25 combination offers a balanced strategy to improve nutrient cycling, microbial functionality, and carbon stabilization in tropical sandy soils.