Hopp til hovedinnholdet

Publikasjoner

NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.

2016

Sammendrag

Særheim lysimeteranlegg ble etablert i 1991/92 og det ble gjennomført målinger frem til og med 1997. I 2013 ble forsøket gjenopprettet og med uttak av jordprøver. Rutene ble gjødslet (mineral- og husdyrgjødsel) og det ble tatt ut vannprøver fra juli til november. Resultater fra jordprøvene viste at jordens fosfortall har gått ned på rutene med de høyest fosfortall (fra P-AL 27 til 20) etter 22 år uten gjødsling. Vannprøvene viste meget lave konsentrasjoner av partikler og fosfor sammenlignet med andre målinger i området. Prøvetakingsmetoden kan ha betydning for de lave partikkelkonsentrasjonene. Meget lave P-AL-tall på morenejorden og mulig fosforbinding i undergrunnsjorden kan være årsak til de lave fosforkonsentrasjonene.

Til dokument

Sammendrag

Akershus fylkeskommune, i samarbeid med de øvrige aktører i vannregion Glomma, ønsker å få til en enhetlig rapportering av tiltaksgjennomføring, derfor er det utarbeidet et forslag til hvordan innrapportering av tiltaksgjennomføring hos sektorene til Vann-nett og vannforekomstene bør gjennomføres. Det er også laget forslag til årlig rapport av tiltaksgjennomføring i utvalgte områder, basert på den innrapporterte informasjon. Rapporten her beskriver et forslag til innrapporteringsdatabase (GLID) for enhetlig rapportering av tiltak og forslag til standardrapporter fra databasen.

Til dokument

Sammendrag

Extensive draining at tropical ombrotrophic peatlands in Southeast Asia has made these landscapes a global ‘hot spots’ for greenhouse gas emissions. Management practices and fires have changed substrate status, which affects microbial processes. Here, we present data on how change in management practices affect carbon (C) mineralization processes at these soils. We compared the C mineralization potentials of undrained swamp forest peat to those of abandoned peat (deforested, drained and burned peatlands in degraded condition) at various depths, with and without additional substrates (glucose, glutamate and nitrate), under oxic and anoxic conditions through ex situ experiments. Carbon mineralization (CO2 and CH4 production) rates were higher in the forest peat, with higher litter deposition and C availability. Production rates decreased with peat depth coinciding with decreasing availability of labile C. Consequently, the increase in production rates after labile substrate addition was relatively modest in forest peat as compared to the abandoned site and from the top layers as compared to deeper layers. Methanogenesis had little importance in total C loss. Adding labile C and nitrogen (N) enhanced heterotrophic CO2 production more than only addition of N. Surprisingly, oxygen availability did not limit CO2 production rates, but anoxic respiration also yielded substantial rates, especially at the forest peat. Flooding of these sites will therefore reduce, but not completely cease, peat C-loss. Reintroduced vegetation and fertilization in abandoned peatlands can enrich the peat with labile C and N compounds and thus lead to increased microbiological activity.

Til dokument

Sammendrag

In the absence of effective control measures, the strawberry blossom weevil (Anthonomus rubi) (SBW) and the raspberry beetle (Byturus tomentosus) (RB) cause large (10 - >80%) losses in yield and quality in organically grown raspberry. Attractive lures for both pests were combined into a single multitrap for the economical management of both of these pests at the same time. This is one of the first approaches to pest management of non-lepidopteran insect pests of horticultural crops using semiochemicals in the EU, and probably the first to target multiple species from different insect orders. The aim is to develop optimized lures and cost-effective trap designs for mass trapping and to determine the optimum density and spatial and temporal patterns of deployment of the traps for controlling these pests by mass trapping. The combination between an aggregation pheromone that attracts Anthonomus rubi and a raspberry flower volatile that attracts Byturus tomentosus seems to be the best combination.

Sammendrag

The growing season is longer than earlier and especially autumn temperatures have increased during the last 30 years (Hanssen‐Bauer et al 2015). A longer growing season increases the potential for forage production as an earlier spring, and warmer autumn implies that farmers can take more cuts with larger yields than earlier. Nevertheless, a warmer autumn can promote considerable regrowth after the last cut, and farmers report that they are uncertain if this regrowth should be harvested. The cost of harvesting forage is high, and feed quality of late harvested forage may be sub‐optimal. Changing precipitation patterns where there may be more episodes of heavy rains during autumn, late harvesting of grass swards can increase the risk of soil compaction and damage plant cover. This was the background to a study where we examine how different harvest time in autumn affects overwintering and yields the following year. We have established randomized block field experiments with 3 replicates in established leys dominated by timothy (Phleum pratense L.) at two sites in Norway in 2015; Kvithamar 63o29’N, 10o53’E, and Holt 69o38’N, 18o57’E. In the Kvithamar field, the main harvests were made June 30 and August 10. Thereafter, in one treatment, plots were left unharvested till next spring, while in other treatments plots were cut 4, 6, 8 or 10 weeks after the second main harvest. At Holt, the first harvest was made July 7, and the second harvest either August 11 or August 27. The regrowth after these treatments were either left uncut or harvested 4, 6 or 8 weeks after the last main cut in August 10, or 6 weeks after the cut in August 28. Dry matter yields were measured from all cuts. The results were analysed using ANOVA with MiniTab. No significant differences in yields were found between the different cutting treatments at either site, even though temperatures were between 2.2‐ 2.5oC higher than normal (1961‐1990) in September and between 1.1‐1.6 warmer than normal in October. Global radiation decreases rapidly from September onwards, and is a limiting factor for the growth potential of timothy‐dominated leys. In spring, we will measure winter survival and growth rate and yields in all treatments. The results from these measurements will be presented at the conference.