Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2023
Forfattere
Nina TrandemSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Trygve S. Aamlid Sigridur Dalmannsdottir Kristoffer Herland Hellton Ievina Sturite Marit Jørgensen Helga Amdahl Geir Kjølberg Knudsen Nils Ragnar S. Skjørholm Trond Olav Pettersen Odd Arne RognliSammendrag
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Forfattere
Nina SvartedalSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Nina SvartedalSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Nina SvartedalSammendrag
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Forfattere
Arne BardalenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Natalia BaydakovaSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
More than 2/3rds of Norway’s agricultural area are grassland, and more than half of it is over 5 years old. Renewing old grassland increases annual yield but causes yield loss during renewal. Parts of the increased yield is due to replacement of low-productive species with high production species and cultivars, replacing biodiversity with productivity. Finding the optimal rate of renewal requires long term experiments to compare the sustainability of different strategies. Therefore, three field experiments were established to investigate the effect of difference renewal and harvest strategies on grass yield and quality, on similar mineral soil at Særheim (58.5°N, 5.6°E) in 1968 and Fureneset (61.3°N,5.0°E) in 1974, and on peat soil at Svanhovd (69.5°N,30.0°E) in 1968. Until 1991, the experiment included non-renewed treatments, and renewal every 3rd or 6th year. It was cut either two or three times a year, with autumn grazing on parts of the two-cut regime. The experiment was simplified in 1992, with the establishment of another non-renewed treatment, all treatments being cut 3 times a year (2 at Svanhovd), no grazing but contrasting slurry and compound fertilizer applications. This phase lasted until 2011, followed by period with no renewal and minimal registration. The third phase started in 2016, with renewal of all treatments at Fureneset and Særheim, except the permanent grassland from 1968/1974. Duration between renewals was doubled, and fertilizer applications revised. Presenting results from the third phase, we show that five to six years are required to recoup and significantly over-yield the non-renewed grassland. We will use soil chemical and physical properties, fertilizer application and yield gaps as well as ecological succession from sown seed mixture in 2017 till 2022 grassland to discuss the why we needed six years for all renewed treatments to over-yield permanent grassland from 1974.
Forfattere
M.L. Robinson P.G. Hahn B.D. Inouye N. Underwood S.R. Whitehead K.C. Abbott E.M. Bruna N.I. Cacho L.A. Dyer L. Abdala-Roberts W.J. Allen J.F. Andrade D.F. Angulo D. Anjos D.N. Anstett R. Bagchi S. Bagchi M. Barbosa S. Barrett C.A. Baskett E. Ben-Simchon K.J. Bloodworth J.L. Bronstein Y.M. Buckley K.T. Burghardt C. Bustos-Segura E.S. Calixto R.L. Carvalho B. Castagneyrol M.C. Chiuffo D. Cinoğlu E. Cinto Mejía M.C. Cock R. Cogni O.L. Cope T. Cornelissen D.R. Cortez D.W. Crowder C. Dallstream W. Dáttilo J.K. Davis R.D. Dimarco H.E. Dole I.N. Egbon M. Eisenring A. Ejomah B.D. Elderd Joshua Lynn Anne Muola Vigdis VandvikSammendrag
Interactions between plants and herbivores are central in most ecosystems, but their strength is highly variable. The amount of variability within a system is thought to influence most aspects of plant-herbivore biology, from ecological stability to plant defense evolution. Our understanding of what influences variability, however, is limited by sparse data. We collected standardized surveys of herbivory for 503 plant species at 790 sites across 116° of latitude. With these data, we show that within-population variability in herbivory increases with latitude, decreases with plant size, and is phylogenetically structured. Differences in the magnitude of variability are thus central to how plant-herbivore biology varies across macroscale gradients. We argue that increased focus on interaction variability will advance understanding of patterns of life on Earth.
Forfattere
Joyce Machado Nunes Romeiro Jostein Gohli Paal Krokene Tron Haakon Eid Clara Antón FernandézSammendrag
Bark beetle (Ips typographus) outbreaks have the potential to damage large areas of spruce-dominated forests in Scandinavia. To define forest management strategies that will minimize the risk of bark beetle attacks, we need robust models that link forest structure and composition to the risk and potential damage of bark beetle attacks. Since data on bark beetle infestation rates and corresponding damages does not exist in Norway, we implement a previously published meta-model for estimating I. typographus damage probability and intensity. Using both current and projected climatic conditions we used the model to estimate damage inflicted by I. typographus in Norwegian spruce stands. The model produces feasible results for most of Norway’s climate and forest conditions, but a revised model tailored to Norway should be fitted to a dataset that includes older stands and lower temperatures. Based on current climate and forest conditions, the model predicts that approximately nine percent of productive forests within Norway’s main spruce-growing region will experience a loss ranging from 1.7 to 11 m3/ha of spruce over a span of five years. However, climate change is predicted to exacerbate the annual damage caused by I. typographus, potentially leading to a doubling of its detrimental effects.