Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2024
Forfattere
Mario Guajardo Rasmus Bang Leif Jarle Asheim Ola Flaten Bjørn Gunnar Hansen Jon Kristian SommersethSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Mario Guajardo Rasmus Bang Leif Jarle Asheim Ola Flaten Bjørn Gunnar Hansen Jon Kristian SommersethSammendrag
Interest for organic products and concerns regarding sustainable practices raise an important question for farmers: should they run their farms conventionally or organically? We address this question by means of a mathematical programming model, which aims to optimize gross margin of cattle farms. We implement the model using data from Norway, including government support stipulations and a number of other features. A computational study allows us to assess the economic performance of organic farming compared to conventional farming systems. We derive some insights into the conditions when organic outperforms conventional systems, and vice versa. These hold significant relevance not only to farmers, but also to farm advisors and policy makers.
Sammendrag
The aim was to determine the growth of pollen tubes throughout the transmitting tissue and the process of fertilization in open, optimal and over pollination on the 3rd, 6th and 9th day after pollination of pistillate flowers, together with apomixis. The experiment was carried out over 2 years in Lovasberény, Fejér district, Hungary, which differed in temperature conditions. The average number of pollen tubes in the locule of the ovary was significantly higher in 2017 (1.3%) than in 2019 (1%). A higher percentage of fruit set was recorded in 2017 compared to 2019. The percentage of apomictic fruits from variant of unpollination was higher in 2017 (10%) than in 2019 (3.7%). Based on these results it can be concluded that pollen tube growth and post-fertilization processes together with apomixis of cultivar ‘AK’ are better adaptable to lower temperatures. These findings may help us to move walnut production to the north or to higher altitudes, where the climate is more continental.
Forfattere
Abirami Ramu Ganesan Kannan Mohan Sabariswaran Kandasamy Ramya Preethi Surendran Ragavendhar Kumar Durairaj Karthick Rajan Jayakumar RajarajeswaranSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Jarle W. Bjerke Kristin Magnussen Ryan Bright Ståle Navrud Rasmus Erlandsson Eirik Aasmo Finne Hans TømmervikSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Thiago InagakiSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Xiaoyu Yuan Keya Xu Fang Yan Zhiyuan Liu Carl Jonas Jorge Spetz Huanbin Zhou Xiaojie Wang Huaibing Jin Xifeng Wang Yan LiuSammendrag
Wheat dwarf virus (WDV, genus Mastrevirus, family Geminiviridae) is one of the causal agents of wheat viral disease, which severely impacts wheat production in most wheat-growing regions in the world. Currently, there is little information about natural resistance against WDV in common wheat germplasms. CRISPR/Cas9 technology is being utilized to manufacture transgenic plants resistant to different diseases. In the present study, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system targeting overlapping regions of coat protein (CP) and movement protein (MP) (referred to as CP/MP) or large intergenic region (LIR) in the wheat variety ‘Fielder’ to develop resistance against WDV. WDV-inoculated T1 progenies expressing Cas9 and sgRNA for CP/MP and LIR showed complete resistance against WDV and no accumulation of viral DNA compared with control plants. Mutation analysis revealed that the CP/MP and LIR targeting sites have small indels in the corresponding Cas9-positive plants. Additionally, virus inhibition and indel mutations occurred in T2 homozygous lines. Together, our work gives efficient results of the engineering of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated WDV resistance in common wheat plants, and the specific sgRNAs identified in this study can be extended to utilize the CRISPR/Cas9 system to confer resistance to WDV in other cereal crops such as barley, oats, and rye.
Forfattere
Zhibo Hamborg Ada Konstanse Kristensen Xiaoyan Ma Sissel Haugslien Carl-Henrik Lensjø Alvin Peter van der Ende Øyvor Stensbøl Qiaochun Wang Jana Fránová Dag-Ragnar BlystadSammendrag
Background of the study – Cryopreservation is considered to be a valuable method for long-term preservation of plant germplasm and recently it has been shown to be a reliable method for preserving obligate pathogens including plant viruses. Objectives – (1) Droplet-vitrification cryopreservation of strawberry genotypes in Norway; (2) Preservation efficiency of aphid-transmitted strawberry mild yellow edge virus (SMYEV) and strawberry vein banding virus (SVBV) following cryopreservation. Methods – Excised shoot tips of cv. ‘Korona’ were cryopreserved with different durations of PVS2 varying from 10 to 60 min, whereas virus-infected shoot tips were cryopreserved using either 10, 40 or 60 min of PVS2. Results – The results showed that 40–60 minutes of PVS2 treatment was more efficient for preserving strawberry germplasm than lower duration times (10–30 min). Thirty-two strawberry genotypes have been successfully cryopreserved through droplet-vitrification with regeneration rates ranging from 45% to 100% with 40 min PVS2 treatment. Cryopreserved viruses were quantitatively analyzed by Reverse Transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). SVBV was successfully cryopreserved in all the regenerated shoots following cryopreservation with all the three durations of PVS2 examined. SMYEV, however, was more efficiently preserved in shoot tips exposed to 40 min (90%) of PVS2, in comparison to 60 min (33%). Conclusion – This demonstrates that SMYEV and SVBV can be successfully cryopreserved in living cells of Fragaria ssp. by droplet vitrification. The results indicate that cryopreservation has great potential for long-time preservation of both strawberry germplasm and aphid-transmitted strawberry-infecting viruses.