Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2023
Forfattere
Magni Olsen Kyrkjeeide Marianne Evju Kristin Magnussen Øyvind Nystad Handberg Vegar Bakkestuen Tor Erik Brandrud Harald Bratli Børre Kind Dervo Nina Elisabeth Eide Anders Endrestøl Marie-Pierre Gosselin Oddvar Hanssen Rannveig Margrete Jacobsen Stein Ivar Johnsen Bjørn Mejdell Larsen Anders Lyngstad Marit Mjelde Bård Gunnar Stokke Ellen Johanne Svalheim Liv Guri Velle Dag-Inge Øien Aljoscha Schöpfer Lars Martin HauglandSammendrag
Norge, arter, prioriterte arter, utvalgte naturtyper, Rød til grønn-metoden, Rødlista, tiltak, kostnadsberegning
Forfattere
Lars T. Havstad Geir Kjølberg Knudsen Trond Olav Pettersen Kristine Sundsdal Tonje Vitsø Trygve S. AamlidSammendrag
Høsten/vinteren 2022-2023 ble det utført et forsøk på NIBIO Landvik med ulike metoder for utvasking av frø fra bær av svartsurbær (Aronia melanocarpa), samt hvordan disse behandlingene påvirker frøets spireevne. Metodene var lett vasking (fjerning av plantesaft og mindre plantedeler) og grundig vasking (fjerning av plantesaft og det meste av fruktkjøttet), enten for hånd eller ved hjelp av en industrielt tilpassa vaskemaskin. Tidsstudier, utregnet som arbeidstid (minutter) pr kg med friske bær, viste at den totale tida til utvasking og rensing av frø av svartsurbær ble omtrent halvert når det ble vasket med maskin sammenlignet med vasking for hånd, uansett hvor nøye/grundig vaskingen ble utført. Mest effektivt var det å maskinvaske ut frøet i en grundig prosess hvor plantesaft og mesteparten av fruktkjøttet ble fjernet før frørensing (6,5 minutter pr kg bær). Under vaskeprosessen, både ved bruk av vaskemaskin og for hånd, ble det vasket ut mer frø (flotert bort sammen med fruktkjøttet) når det ble vasket grundig enn ved mer lettvint vasking. Ved maskinvasking utgjorde denne forskjellen 1 g frø pr kg bær (8%). Frøet som var igjen etter den grundige vaskingen var imidlertid tyngre og spirte bedre enn frøet som var lettere vasket. I middel for to ulike stratifiseringstider (90 og 120 dager), var spireevnen hos frø som var lett og grundig maskinvaska henholdsvis 65 og 77%. Selv om spirehastigheten (opptelling etter 7 dager) var raskere hos frø som var stratifisert i 120 dager, var det ikke nødvendig med mer enn 90 dagers stratifisering for å oppnå maksimal spireevne. I middel for 4 ulike vaskemetoder var spireevnen etter opptelling etter 35 dager 66-67 % uansett om stratifiseringslengden var 90 eller 120 dager. Ut fra en helhetsvurdering anses en forholdsvis grundig maskinvasking, med fjerning av plantesaft og mye av fruktkjøttet, som den mest effektive metoden ved utvasking av frø av svartsurbær. Noe frø vil gå tapt i en slik grundige renseprosess, men det tapte frøet er lett og har dårlig spireevne.
Forfattere
Vibeke LindSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Bjarne Bjerg Peter Demeyer Julien Hoyaux Mislav Didara Juha Grönroos Melynda Hassouna Barbara Amon Thomas Bartzanas Renáta Sándor Micheal Fogarty Sivan Klas Stefano Schiavon Violeta Juskiene Miroslav Kjosevski George Attard André Aarnink Vibeke Lind Tadeusz Kuczynski David Fangueiro Monica Paula Marin Stefan Mihina Jože Verbič Salvador Calvet Knut-Håkan Jeppsson Harald Menzi Özge Sizmaz Tomas Norton Biljana Rogic Stepan Nosek Olga Frolova Günther Schauberger Nigel PenlingtonSammendrag
This chapter gathers information about the current legal requirements related to the emission of ammonia from animal housing in 24 out of the 27 EU countries and in 7 non-EU countries. Overall, the chapter shows that most of the included countries have established substantial procedures to limit ammonia emission and practically no procedures to limit greenhouse gas emission. The review can also be seen as an introduction to the substantial initiatives and decisions taken by the EU in relation to ammonia emission from animal housing, and as a notification on the absence of corresponding initiatives and decisions in relation to greenhouse gases. An EU directive on industrial emissions from 2010 and an implementation decision from 2017 are the main general instruments to reduce ammonia emission from animal housing in the EU. These treaties put limits to ammonia emissions from installations with more than 2000 places for fattening pigs, with more than 750 places for sows, and with more than 40,000 places for poultry. As an example, the upper general limit for fattening pigs is 2.6 kg ammonia per animal place per year. This chapter indicates that the important animal producing countries in the EU as well as United Kingdom have implemented the EU requirements and that a few countries including the Flemish part of Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands, Slovakia, and Spain have introduced even stricter requirements.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Emmanuel Oladeji Alamu Michael Adesokan Segun Fawole Busie Maziya-Dixon Mehreteab Tesfai David ChikoyeSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Haruna Sekabira Ghislain Tchoromi Tepa-Yotto Arnaud R. M. Ahouandjinou Karl Thunes Barry Pittendrigh Yusuf Kaweesa Manuele TamòSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Jan Vermaat Eva Skarbøvik Brian Kronvang Artti Juutinen Seppo Hellsten Katarina Kyllmar Anne Lyche Solheim Bjørn KløveSammendrag
This paper synthesizes a five-year project (BIOWATER) that assessed the effects of a developing bioeconomy on Nordic freshwaters. We used a catchment perspective and combined several approaches: comparative analyses of long-term data sets from well-monitored catchments (agricultural, with forestry, and near pristine) across Fennoscandia, catchment biogeochemical modelling and ecosystem services assessment for integration. Various mitigation measures were also studied. Benchmark Shared Socio-economic Pathways were downscaled and articulated in dialogue with national stakeholder representatives leading to five Nordic Bioeconomy Pathways (NBPs) describing plausible but different trajectories of societal development towards 2050.These were then used for catchment modelling and ecosystem service assessment. Key findings from the work synthesized here are: (a) The monitoring results from 69 catchments demonstrate that agricultural lands exported an order of magnitude more nutrients than natural catchments (medians 44 vs 4 kg P km−2 y-1 and 1450 vs 139 kg N km−2 y-1) whilst forests were intermediate (7 kg P km−2 y-1 and 200 kg N km−2 y-1). (b) Our contrasting scenarios led to substantial differences in land use patterns, which affected river flow as well as nutrient loads in two of the four modelled catchments (Danish Odense Å and Norwegian Skuterud), but not in two others (Swedish catchment C6 and Finnish Simojoki). (c) Strongly contrasting scenarios (NBP1 maximizing resource circularity versus NBP5 maximizing short-term profit) were found to lead to similar monetary estimates of total societal benefits, though for different underlying reasons – a pattern similar across the six studied Nordic catchments. (d) The ecological status of small to medium sized rivers in agricultural landscapes benefitted greatly from an increase in riparian forest cover from 10 % to 60 %. Riparian buffer strips, constructed wetlands, rewetting of ditched peatlands, and similar nature-based solutions optimize natural biogeochemical processes and thus can help in mitigating negative impacts of intensified biomass removal on water quality.
Forfattere
Anne Lyche Solheim Anne Tolvanen Eva Skarbøvik Bjørn Kløve Dennis Collentine Brian Kronvang Gitte Blicher-Mathiesen Fatemeh Hashemi Artti Juutinen Seppo Hellsten Eija Pouta Jan VermaatSammendrag
Future development of bioeconomy is expected to change land use in the Nordic countries in agriculture and forestry. The changes are likely to affect water quality due to changes in nutrient run-off. To explore possible future land-use changes and their environmental impact, stakeholders and experts from four Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden) were consulted. The methodological framework for the consultation was to identify a set of relevant land-use attributes for agriculture and forestry, e.g. tillage conservation effort, fertiliser use, animal husbandry, biogas production from manure, forestry management options, and implementation of mitigation measures, including protection of sensitive areas. The stakeholders and experts provided their opinions on how these attributes might change in terms of their environmental impacts on water quality given five Nordic bioeconomic scenarios (sustainability, business as usual, self-sufficiency, cities first and maximizing economic growth). A compilation methodology was developed to allow comparing and merging the stakeholder and expert opinions for each attribute and scenario. The compiled opinions for agriculture and forestry suggest that the business-as-usual scenario may slightly decrease the current environmental impact for most attributes due to new technologies, but that the sustainability scenario would be the only option to achieve a clear environmental improvement. In contrast, for the self-sufficiency scenario, as well as the maximum growth scenario, a deterioration of the environment and water quality was expected for most of the attributes. The results from the stakeholder consultations are used as inputs to models for estimating the impact of the land-use attributes and scenarios on nutrient run-off from catchments in the Nordic countries (as reported in other papers in this special issue). Furthermore, these results will facilitate policy level discussions concerning how to facilitate the shift to bioeconomy with increasing biomass exploitation without deteriorating water quality and ecological status in Nordic rivers and lakes.
Forfattere
Ildikó Fekete-Kertész Tamás Stirling Emese Vaszita Zsófia Berkl Eva Farkas Sebastian Hedwig Kirsten Remmen Markus Lenz Mónika Molnár Viktória FeiglSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag