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Publikasjoner

NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.

2012

Sammendrag

Individual bilberry plants from two Northern and two Southern clones were studied for climatic effects on production and quality in a controlled phytotrone experiment at 12 °C and 18 °C in a 2-year trial. At each temperature the following light conditions were tested: 1) 12 h natural light (short day); 2) 24 h natural light (long day) and 3) 24 h natural light (long day) plus red light. In order to ensure sufficient and comparable fruit set between treatments, flower pollination was executed outdoors. Berry yield, quality parameters such as total anthocyanins, total phenols and antioxidant capacity, and chemical composition (GC/MS-based metabolite profiling) were recorded in both years, while HPLC-based anthocyanin analysis was only carried out in the second year. All analyzed compounds showed significant year-to-year variation with the exception of antioxidant activity. The experiment was conducted under natural light conditions, and therefore light intensity and quality varied between the two growing seasons. The first experimental year there was no difference in yield between temperatures, however, the second experimental year the berry yield was significantly higher at 18 °C. Temperature treatments led to faster berry ripening in the Northern than in the Southern clones at 12 °C. Metabolite profiling also revealed higher levels of flavanols, hydroxycinnamic acids, quinic acid and carbohydrates at 12 °C. Clonal effects showed that the content of all anthocyanin derivatives, as well as levels of antioxidants, total phenolics, malic acid and sucrose were highest in the Northern clones, while Southern clones had higher levels of hydroxycinamic acids, epicatechin, quinic acid and myo-inositol. Northern clones were also more responsive to additional red light with highest levels of anthocyanins under long-day treatment.

Sammendrag

The effects of climate on production and the quality of bilberries have been studied in a controlled phytotrone experiment using clonal material originating from Northern and Southern parts of Finland. In the experiment individual plants from two Northern clones and two Southern clones have been grown at 12° and 18°C. At each temperature 3 different light treatments have been tested; 1) 24 h natural light (long day), 2) 12 h natural light (short day) and 3) 24 h natural light with an addition of extra red light. All berries produced by each plant have been harvested at maturity and have been analyzed for several important quality parameters. The metabolic profiling results show that levels of flavonols (epicatechin and catechin), hydroxyl acids (chlorogenic acid, hydroxyl cinnamic acid), quinic acid and all analyzed carbohydrates (myo-inositol, fructose, glucose and sucrose) are highest at 12°C. On the contrary, total anthocyanins levels were highest at 18°C and this was also reflected in the results on analysis of several anthocyanins derivates with the exception of Del 3‑Ara that was significantly higher at 12°C than 18°C. Northern clones had significantly higher levels of total anthocyanins, all measured anthocyanin derivates, total phenols, malic acid and sucrose than Southern clones.

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Sammendrag

Motivasjonen for prosjektet var å legge grunnlag for en kommersiell satsing på å bruke spillvarme i en bærekraftig dyrking og prosessering av andemat i Midt-Norge, for bruk i kommersielle fiske- og dyrefôr samt å initiere et Midt-norsk og blå-grønt samarbeid mellom industri og FoU. Sunndal Energi arbeider for å finne gode prosjekter som kan utnytte spillvarme kommersielt. Formålet var derfor å legge grunnlag for en kommersiell satsing på å bruke spillvarme i en bærekraftig dyrking og prosessering av andemat i Midt-Norge, for bruk i kommersielle fiske- og dyrefôr. Rapporten tar for seg faglige vurderinger av alternative dyrkingsmetoder, næringsinnhold i andemat, husdyrgjødsel og biorest som næringsmedium, og metoder for avvanning og tørking. I tillegg blir det foretatt en vurdering av lønnsomhet. Rapporten konkluderer med at en helårsproduksjon av andemat vil kreve investeringer i dyrkingsfasiliteter og energi til lys og klimaregulering, og at dette kan bli kostbart. Utfra næringssammensetning kan andemat brukes som relevant råvare dersom tilstrekkelig kvantum er tilgjengelig. For å dyrke andemat kan en kombinasjon av fiskeslam fra ferskvannsbaserte anlegg og blautgjødsel fra storfe være gunstig for andemat, siden dette vil øke innholdet av P, som ser til å kunne bli det begrensende næringsstoffet hvis kun husdyrgjødsel brukes som næringskilde. Fiskeslam fra saltvannsbasert oppdrett er for salt. Andemat krever mye avvanning. Mekanisk avvanning etterfulgt av et tørkesystem basert på mekanisk fluidisering under tørkeprosessen (paddeltørke), eventuelt et ringtørke- system vil trolig bli den mest effektive metoden. De økonomiske analysene viser at det er utfordrende å oppnå lønnsomhet i dyrking og prosessering av andemat til fôrformål.