Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2022
Forfattere
Christoph Schürz Natalja Čerkasova Csilla Farkas Attila Nemes Svajunas Plunge Michael Strauch Brigitta Szabó Mikolaj PiniewskiSammendrag
This SWAT+ modelling protocol was designed for guiding model setup development and model calibration in 14 European case study sites participating in the modelling component of the EU funded research and innovation project OPtimal strategies to retAIN and re-use water and nutrients in small agricultural catchments across different soil-climatic regions in Europe (OPTAIN). These 14 case studies are small agricultural catchments (ranging in size from 21 to 254 km2 ) located in three biogeographical regions of Europe and 12 different countries. The main topic of OPTAIN are Natural/Small Water Retention Measures, which are a relatively new concept. These are small and multi-functional measures for the retention/management of water and nutrients in the landscape, thus addressing drought/flood control, management of water quality problems, climate change adaptation, biodiversity restoration, etc.
Sammendrag
I denne rapporten er det gjort rede for hvordan en kan etablere jordbruksareal ved Riisplass (Riis gård) ved mottak av jordsmasser fra utbyggingsprosjekter. Området som tiltaket er planlagt gjennomført på er historisk sett åpent område med beitemark rundt husmannsplasser. Etter at husdyrholdet er avviklet ved gården, har store deler av området blitt tilplantet av gran, som nå utgjør svært tette granbestand. Ved det planlagte tiltaket vil området igjen fremstå som et jordbrukslandskap der gamle eiketrær vil bli langt mer fremtredende i landskapet enn i dag. Metodikken for sjiktvis oppbygging av jordsmonn uten komprimering med tunge anleggsmaskiner forventes å gi produktivt fulldyrket jordbruksareal med god arrondering. Ut overdet planlagte tiltaket er det identifisert muligheter for naturrestaurering utenfor tiltaksområdet som gjenskaper biologisk mangfold i og rundt en dam, som nå er gjenfylt og tilplantet med gran.
Sammendrag
Rovebekken drenerer mye av Sandefjord lufthavn. Det ble påvist lave konsentrasjoner av glykol i to ukeblandprøver fra Rovebekken i 2021, hhv. 0,9 og 1,1 mg PG/l. For de 35 andre ukeblandprøvene ble det ikke påvist glykol. Det ble ikke påvist formiat i noen prøver fra Rovebekken. Ved fiskeundersøkelsen i juli 2021 ble det registrert en høy tetthet av årsyngel (163 fisk/100 m2) på den øvre stasjonen (R 3-4), rett nedstrøms flyplassen. Oppsummert viste overvåkingen gjennom 2021 tilfredsstillende vannkvalitet i Rovebekken, med god oksygenstatus og få påvisninger av glykol. Resultatene viser at kravene i utslippstillatelsen har blitt overholdt.
Forfattere
Rolf Larsson Antti Belinskij Bjørn Kløve Diana Meilutyte-Lukauskiene Elve Lode Eva Skarbøvik Vytautas AkstinasSammendrag
The European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive is of paramount importance for water management. According to the legal text, coordination with other directives like the Floods Directive is imperative and motivated by potential synergy effects. In this paper, the degree to which such coordination is achieved is evaluated for five Nordic and Baltic countries. The evaluation is based on legal documents, management plans, as well as on organizational structure in the five countries. The results show that the coordination between the Water Framework Directive and the Floods Directive (or flood management for Norway's case), have been successful for Estonia and Lithuania, whereas Norway, Finland, and especially Sweden need to improve more.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Fecal contamination of water constitutes a serious health risk to humans and environmental ecosystems. This is mainly due to the fact that fecal material carries a variety of enteropathogens, which can enter and circulate in water bodies through fecal pollution. In this respect, the prompt identification of the polluting source(s) is pivotal to guiding appropriate target-specific remediation actions. Notably, microbial source tracking (MST) is widely applied to determine the host origin(s) contributing to fecal water pollution through the identification of zoogenic and/or anthropogenic sources of fecal environmental DNA (eDNA). A wide array of host-associated molecular markers have been developed and exploited for polluting source attribution in various aquatic ecosystems. This review is intended to provide the most up-to-date overview of genetic marker-based MST studies carried out in different water types, such as freshwaters (including surface and groundwaters) and seawaters (from coasts, beaches, lagoons, and estuaries), as well as drinking water systems. Focusing on the latest scientific progress/achievements, this work aims to gain updated knowledge on the applicability and robustness of using MST for water quality surveillance. Moreover, it also provides a future perspective on advancing MST applications for environmental research.
Sammendrag
Zoogenic faecal contamination of the environment is one of the indices included in the evaluation of ecological threats, health hazards and adverse impacts on various ecosystems. The risks and environmental concerns are associated with the fact that faeces of wild and domesticated animals constitute the largest source of environmental loading of enteropathogens associated with transmission of zoonotic diseases (enteric zoonoses). Although sick animals are more likely to transmit pathogens, healthy ones can also be the carriers and defecate them into the environment. This is of particular importance given the close human-animal interactions and health effects resulting from human and ecological exposures to faecal hazards from companion and farm animals. We have therefore set out to investigate whether healthy equines can carry and defecate human infectious pathogens. For this purpose, we set up a pilot study to examine the faecal DNA of horses using culture-independent molecular diagnostics – fluorescent probe-based quantitative real-time PCR. Our results revealed that among a total of 23 horses, 6 were found to carry Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni), and 5 had Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium). Moreover, Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) was found in 14 horses, while 19 were positive for Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens). Furthermore, the frequently reported protozoan parasites in livestock, Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) and Giardia lamblia (G. lamblia), were discovered in 8 and 7 samples, respectively. This pilot study shed new light on the phenomenon of healthy horses carrying C. jejuni and other human-health-related enteropathogens.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Ólöf Dóra Bartels Jónsdóttir Davíð Gíslason Guðbjörg Ólafsdóttir Simo Maduna Snorre Hagen Patrick Reynolds Sæmundur Sveinsson Albert ImslandSammendrag
Lumpfish is now the single most important cleaner fish species to date and there is an extensive lumpfish translocation along the Norwegian coast. A reliable baseline information about the population genetic structure of lumpfish is a prerequisite for an optimal managing of the species to minimize possible genetic translocation and avoid possible hybridisation and introgression with local populations. The current study is a follow up of the study of Jónsdóttir et al. (2018) using expressed sequence tag-short tandem repeats (EST-STRs) markers. Samples (N = 291) were analysed from six sample locations along the Norwegian coastline from south to north, with additional 18 samples of first-generation (from wild fish) reared fish from a fish farm outside Tromsø (North Norway). Present findings show a lack of population differentiation among lumpfish sampling population along the Norwegian coast using EST-STRs, which is in accordance with the findings of Jónsdóttir et al. (2018) where genomic STRs (g-STRs) were analysed. Present findings indicate that should translocated lumpfish escape from salmon sea pens in Norway, this will probably have little impact on the genetic composition of the local lumpfish population.