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Publikasjoner

NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.

2026

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In 1968 Free published a paper titled "Dandelion as a competitor to fruit trees for bee visits", and since then mwoing the understory vegetation has been common practice in apple orchards. However, Free's study only included honeybees, and recent research shows that apple flowers need a diverse pollinator community for optimal quality and yield. Wild bees need a diverse floral diet to survive, raising the following questions: Do wild bees also prefer dandelions over apple flowers? And will dandelions compete with apple flowers when all pollinators are considered?

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Rapporten oppsummerer resultater fra forskningsprosjektet «Lysmiljø: veilysets effekter på insekter», gjennomført i perioden 2023–2025 i samarbeid mellom Statens vegvesen, NIBIO og USN. Formålet med prosjektet har vært å øke kunnskapen om hvordan veilys påvirker flygende insekter under nordiske forhold, samt å belyse hvordan slik kunnskap kan bidra til mer kunnskapsbaserte vurderinger av tiltak og praksis innen veilys.

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Mange ønsker å legge til rette for pollinerende insekter ved å anlegge blomstereng i hagen eller på taket. Formålet med denne studien var å undersøke virkningen av å blande NIBIOs mest artsrike blomsterfrøblanding, ‘Tørrengblanding for Sørøstlandet’ (frø av 25 markblomster), med økende mengder grasfrø, ved såing på et tak med 15 cm mager blomsterengjord med eller uten tilsetning av næringsrik kompost. Taket ble sådd i mai 2024 og botanisering utført i oktober 2024 og august 2025. Sammen med 0,75 g m-2 blomsterengfrø førte en økning i såmengden av naturgras (rødsvingel + sauesvingel + engkvein) fra 0,75 til 3,0 g/m2 til raskere etablering av plantedekke, men også færre planter av markblomster som blåklokke, ryllik og prestekrage ved registrering om høsten i såingsåret. Anrikning av blomsterengjorda med næringsrik kompost ført også til færre markblomster, men mer dominerende rødkløver i etableringsfasen. Sjøl om forskjellen jevnet seg ut åra etter såing, er konklusjonen at det ved etablering av blomstereng bør brukes like stor såmengde av blomsterfrø og naturgrasfrø (begge 0,75 g m-2), og at det er sikrere å gjødsle med 3-4 kg N/daa i mineralgjødsel i etableringsåret enn å anrike blomsterengjorda med 10% næringsrik kompost.

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Postharvest light treatments can enhance anthocyanin accumulation in berry fruit, but the extent to which these responses depend on developmental stage at harvest remains poorly understood. This study evaluated the effects of blue, red, and wide-spectrum white light applied for 7 or 14 days to cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) fruit harvested at the green, white, and turning stages. Anthocyanin accumulation was strongly influenced by harvest maturity and light spectrum. Blue light induced the greatest anthocyanin accumulation in fruit harvested at the green and white stages and was accompanied by increased expression of the late anthocyanin biosynthetic genes ANS (anthocyanidin synthase) and UFGT (UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase). In turning-stage fruit, all light treatments enhanced anthocyanin accumulation relative to darkness. Changes in skin color closely mirrored anthocyanin accumulation across treatments. Metabolite profiling further revealed contrasting responses among phenolic subclasses: anthocyanins responded strongly to postharvest illumination, whereas proanthocyanidins were influenced primarily by harvest maturity and showed limited responsiveness to light treatments. Flavonols exhibited intermediate, compound-specific responses. In contrast, total phenolics, soluble solids, and titratable acidity were only minimally affected by postharvest illumination and largely followed developmental trends. Ethylene evolution was stimulated by all light treatments in green fruit, showed a transient increase under blue light in white fruit, and was unaffected in turning fruit. These findings demonstrate that the effects of postharvest spectral illumination on cranberry fruit are strongly dependent on harvest maturity and differ among flavonoid subclasses. The Authors This is an open access article under the CC BY license. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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Apple is the third most grown fruit worldwide and relies on pollinator visits to increase both fruit quality and yield. Apple, like many other crops, flowers for a short and intensive period, making the collection of high-quality data on pollinator visits challenging and time-consuming when relying on traditional human observations. We therefore tested whether cameras can be used to increase data collection on pollinator visits to apple flowers, and the advantages and limitations camera-based observations has compared to manual observations. Cameras were deployed in five apple orchards in Eastern Norway during apple flowering. Each camera was positioned facing a selection of flowers, on which manual observations were also conducted. Cameras took a photo every minute from sunrise (04:30) to sun set (22:00), and manual observations were conducted twice a day, between 08:00-13:00, and 13:00-19:00, with each observation lasting five minutes. All bees visiting a flower were recorded and classified as honeybees, bumblebees, or solitary bees. Flower phenology was also recorded daily. Preliminary results show that cameras detected almost twice as many bee visits as manual observations. In addition, cameras captured visitation across all hours of the day, throughout the entire flowering period, providing detailed temporal and spatial information on bee activity and phenology. Our study provides valuable insights that cameras are a powerful tool to collect information on pollinator visits to apple flowers, enabling more comprehensive and temporally resolved datasets than traditional observations. Such improvements in data quality are essential for advancing applied pollination research and for informing management strategies aimed at sustaining crop yields under increasing environmental and agricultural pressures.