Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2016
Forfattere
Geir-Harald StrandSammendrag
Den norske rovviltpolitikken har en todelt målsetting om å sikre både levedyktige rovviltbestander og bærekraftige beitenæringer. Disse målene skal oppnås gjennom en geografisk differensiert rovdyrforvaltning. I henhold til siste tilgjengelige versjon av Miljødirektoratets digitale kart over «Forvaltningsområder for rovdyr» (datert 6.9.2012) utgjør forvaltningsområdene for gaupe, jerv, bjørn og ulv om lag 55 % av Norges landareal. Innenfor disse rovviltprioriterte områdene finner man 53 % av de som driver aktivt landbruk i Norge; 60 % av alt jordbruksareal i drift; 30 % av landets sauer og lam; og halvparten av arealet som benyttes av samisk reindrift. Med dette som kontekst skal utredningen på en objektiv måte belyse rovviltbestandenes betydning for utviklingen i landbruket. Utredningen skal også vurdere om tilpassingen av beitenæringen i prioriterte rovviltområder, og tilretteleggingen for beitebruk i prioriterte beiteområder, er gjort på en hensiktsmessig måte.
Forfattere
Annette Dathe Attila Nemes Matthew Patterson Daniel Gimenez Johannes Koestel Mingming Qin Helen French Esther Bloem Perrine Fernandez Nicholas JarvisSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Anna Komasa Anna Klementyna Przybył Piotr Barczynski Izabela Ratajczak Kinga Szentner Magdalena Wozniak Pawel Kowalewski Waldemar Perdoch Grzegorz Cofta Patrycja Kwaśniewska-Sip Joanna Siuda Wojciech Grzeskowiak Krystofiak Tomasz Lone Ross Janka Dibdiakova Magdalena Broda Bartłomiej MazelaSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Anette Sundbye Annette Folkedal Schjøll Nina Trandem Bjørn Arild Hatteland Gunnhild Jaastad Marco Tasin Toril Eklo Bente SekseSammendrag
I 2016 er det utført 6 forsøk med 8 kjemiske skadedyrmidler, 2 biologiske skadedyrmidler, 2 feromonpreparater og 5 vekstregulerende preparater. Effekten er undersøkt mot kålmøll i kål,bladlus i erter, ulike viklerarter i eple, vanlig pæresuger i pære, og for vekstregulering i sommerblomster. Preparatene hadde varierende virkning og det vurderes om forsøkene skal videreføres. Det er også et pågående forsøk mot gransnutebille i skogplanteskole fra 2015 som avsluttes og rapporteres i 2017.
Forfattere
Åshild Ergon F Volaire P Korhonen Perttu Virkajärvi G. Seddaiu Marit Jørgensen Gianni Bellocchi Liv Østrem D* Reheul Joost BaertSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Ingerd Skow Hofgaard Till Seehusen Heidi Udnes Aamot Hugh Riley Jafar Razzaghian Vinh Hong Le Anne-Grete Roer Hjelkrem Ruth Dill-Macky Guro BrodalSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Ilse R. Geijzendorffer Stefano Targetti Manuel K. Schneider Dick J. Brus Philippe Jeanneret Robert H.G. Jongman Martin Knotters Davide Viaggi Siyka Angelova Michaela Arndorfer Debra Bailey Katalin Balázs András Báldi Marion M.B. Bogers Robert G.H. Bunce Jean-Philippe Choisis Peter Dennis Sebastian Eiter Wendy Fjellstad Jürgen K. Friedel Tiziano Gomiero Arjan Griffioen Max Kainz Anikó Kovács-Hostyánszki Gisela Lüscher Gerardo Moreno Juri Nascimbene Maurizio G. Paoletti Philippe Pointereau Jean-Pierre Sarthou Norman Siebrecht Igor Staritsky Siyka Stoyanova Sebastian Wolfrum Felix HerzogSammendrag
1.To evaluate progress on political biodiversity objectives, biodiversity monitoring provides information on whether intended results are being achieved. Despite scientific proof that monitoring and evaluation increase the (cost) efficiency of policy measures, cost estimates for monitoring schemes are seldom available, hampering their inclusion in policy programme budgets. 2.Empirical data collected from 12 case studies across Europe were used in a power analysis to estimate the number of farms that would need to be sampled per major farm type to detect changes in species richness over time for four taxa (vascular plants, earthworms, spiders and bees). A sampling design was developed to allocate spatially, across Europe, the farms that should be sampled. 3.Cost estimates are provided for nine monitoring scenarios with differing robustness for detecting temporal changes in species numbers. These cost estimates are compared with the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) budget (2014–2020) to determine the budget allocation required for the proposed farmland biodiversity monitoring. 4.Results show that the bee indicator requires the highest number of farms to be sampled and the vascular plant indicator the lowest. The costs for the nine farmland biodiversity monitoring scenarios corresponded to 0·01%–0·74% of the total CAP budget and to 0·04%–2·48% of the CAP budget specifically allocated to environmental targets. 5.Synthesis and applications. The results of the cost scenarios demonstrate that, based on the taxa and methods used in this study, a Europe-wide farmland biodiversity monitoring scheme would require a modest share of the Common Agricultural Policy budget. The monitoring scenarios are flexible and can be adapted or complemented with alternate data collection options (e.g. at national scale or voluntary efforts), data mobilization, data integration or modelling efforts.
Sammendrag
Individual tree mortality models based on logistic regression exist for different tree species and countries around the world. We examine two mortality models developed in Norway and two models from Austria for Norway spruce (Picea abies), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and birch (Betula pubescens and Betula pendula) trees. We apply all models with their original coefficients on the Norwegian National Forest Inventory (NNFI) data. The dataset comprises 36,217 spruce, 17,483 pine and 24,418 birch trees. We show the differences in predictions that arise from newly paramete-rized predictor variables and the effect of the original calibration data from different geographic regions. Next we recalibrate the mortality functions with the NNFI data to show the improvements in the predictions and illustrate the impact of the different predictor variables. We apply statistical methods to assess which of the original and recalibrated models best mimic the observed mortality rates of the three species. Finally we provide the new coefficient set for the model functions for spruce, pine and birch in Norway.
Forfattere
Juliet Biira Jens Leth Hougaard Mogens LundSammendrag
Denmark is one of the EU countries with a highly recognised agricultural sector, a high level of animal health and one of the lowest medication usages. In this article we aim to provide an overview of both private and public animal health incentives nested in the cattle and pig production industry that influence the decisions and behaviours of farmers in prevention of livestock disease epidemics. Not only do individual Danish pig and cattle farmers aim at highly efficient animal production, they are also involved in collective marketing and contracting which can enhance social capital, peer pressure and instill a greater sense of ownership of disease control prevention. Public incentives including rules on how animals should be transported within Denmark, SPF certification requirements and rules on farm biosecurity further improve farmer incentives to prevent animal diseases. However, Danish pig and cattle farmers’ incentives could be further improved by specifying consequences for not following requirements such as failure to make a compulsory biosecurity plan. The relatively high compensation in case of a disease outbreak provides a safety net for farmers, encourages them to quickly report suspected notifiable diseases but it could also reduce incentives for disease prevention due to the relatively high amounts of compensation.