Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2022
Forfattere
Yvonne RognanSammendrag
English summary On behalf of Tinfos AS, NIBIO and Faun Nature Management carry out environmental monitoring of the river Hovlandsåna during the construction of a new powerplant at Flateland in Vegusdal (Birkenes municipality). The environmental monitoring includes continuous monitoring of water quality, quarterly and weekly sampling, as well as biological surveys at a total of three stations in Hovlandsåna. This quarterly report includes results from preliminary studies (water samples, benthic animals and algae carried out on 21.10.2021), results for weekly water samples in the period 30.11.2021 - 30.03.2022 (4th quarter 2021 and 1st quarter 2022) and measurement data from continuous monitoring at two stations in Hovlandselva from 13.10.2021 - 30.11.2021 (4th quarter 2021). The construction work related to the establishment of the Flateland power plant has so far had low impact on the water quality in Hovlandsåna. With the exception of some elevated turbidity values 25.10. - 07.11.2021, no exceedances of the limit values given by the County Governor of Aust- and Vest-Agder (State Administrator in Agder) have been registered. The elevated turbidity values were registered during the establishment of a connection site to provide electrical power to Nygårdsdalen from the power grid running along the river and Fv42. The overall condition in the Hovland River is «good» and the benthic surveys from HOV_REF, HOV_NED1 and HOV_NED2, showed two species of acidification-sensitive mayflies (ephemeroptera) and several other species were found within families with a high ASPT value. This indicates that the impact of acidification in the river is small and that the liming of the watercourse has given good results. A more even water flow as a result of the changed regulation regime in Vikestølvatnet has also contributed to a significant reduction in leaching of sediments from the beach zone. The anadromous stretch of the river reaches up to Trollfoss and is said to have good populations of sea trout. Good populations of stationary trout (upstream of Trollfoss / Flateland) are also recorded. The anadromous section of the river is likely to be somewhat affected by the construction work for the Flateland power plant and increased focus on this part of the river is required Sammendrag På oppdrag fra Tinfos AS gjennomfører NIBIO og Faun naturforvaltning miljøovervåking av Hovlandsåna under bygging av Flateland kraftverk. Miljøovervåkingen omfatter kontinuerlig overvåking av vannkvalitet, kvartalsvis og ukentlig prøvetaking, samt biologiske undersøkelser ved til sammen tre stasjoner i Hovlandsåna. Denne kvartalsrapporten omfatter resultater fra forundersøkelser (vannprøver, bunndyr og begroing utført 21.10.2021), resultater for ukentlige vannprøver i perioden 30.11.2021 – 30.03.2022 (4. kvartal 2021 og 1. kvartal 2022) og måledata fra kontinuerlig overvåking ved to stasjoner i Hovlandselva fra 13.10.2021 – 30.11.2021 (4. kvartal 2021). Anleggsarbeidene i forbindelse med bygging av Flateland kraftverk har til nå gitt svært liten påvirkning på Hovlandsåna. Med unntak av noen forhøyede turbiditetsverdier i forbindelse med etablering av byggestrøm til Nygårdsdalen 25.10. – 07.11.2021 har det ikke blitt registrert noen overskridelser av grenseverdiene gitt av Fylkesmannen i Aust- og Vest-Agder (Statsforvalteren i Agder).
Forfattere
Amos Samkumar Katja Karppinen Tony K. McGhie Richard V. Espley Inger Martinussen Laura JaakolaSammendrag
Light spectral quality is known to affect flavonoid biosynthesis during fruit ripening. However, the response of fruits to different light conditions, when ripening autonomously from the parent plant (detached), has been less explored. In this study, we analyzed the effect of light quality on detached and naturally ripening (attached) non-climacteric wild bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) fruits accumulating high amounts of anthocyanins and flavonols. Our results indicated contrasting responses for the accumulation of phenolic compounds in the berries in response to red and blue light treatments. For detached berries, supplemental blue light resulted in the highest accumulation of anthocyanins, while naturally ripening berries had elevated accumulation under supplemental red light treatment. Both red and blue supplemental light increased the expression levels of all the major structural genes of the flavonoid pathway during ripening. Notably, the key regulatory gene of anthocyanin biosynthesis, VmMYBA1, was found to express fivefold higher under blue light treatment in the detached berries compared to the control. The red light treatment of naturally ripening berries selectively increased the delphinidin branch of anthocyanins, whereas in detached berries, blue light increased other anthocyanin classes along with delphinidins. In addition, red and far-red light had a positive influence on the accumulation of flavonols, especially quercetin and myricetin glycoside derivatives, in both ripening conditions. Our results of differential light effects on attached and detached berries, which lacks signaling from the mother plant, provide new insights in understanding the light-mediated regulatory mechanisms in non-climacteric fruit ripening.
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Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
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The morphogenetic changes of the bud meristem during floral initiation in gooseberry were examined by scanning electron microscopy. Six floral stages, similar to those reported for black currants, were identified. We also studied the environmental control of shoot growth and floral initiation of cvs. Mucurines, Pax and Xenia in two experiments in daylight phytotron compartments at 12, 18 and 24°C. Under natural daylength conditions at Ås, Norway (69°40’N), shoot growth started to decline by mid-August and ceased in early September. Cessation of growth was associated with floral initiation at 18 and 12°C, while at 24°C, only ‘Mucurines’ initiated floral primordia. Floral Stage 2 was reached by 3 September in ‘Mucurines’ and ‘Xenia’ at 18 and 12°C and nearly 2 weeks later in ‘Pax’. In a second experiment with controlled photoperiods, all cultivars ceased growing and initiated flowering in 10-h SD within 2–3 weeks, while in 20-h LD, growth continued for 8 weeks without floral initiation. Under 10-h SD conditions, all cultivars initiated flowers also at 24°C. Flowering performance in the following spring verified these results. We conclude that gooseberry is an obligatory SD plant with a critical photoperiod of 15–16 h.
Forfattere
Erika Krüger Tomasz Leszek Woznicki Ola M. Heide Krzysztof Kusnierek Rodmar Isak Rivero Agnieszka Masny Iwona Sowik Bastienne Brauksiepe Klaus Eimert Daniela Mott Gianluca Savini Marino Demene Karine Guy Aurelie Petit Béatrice Denoyes Anita SønstebySammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Ellen Johanne SvalheimSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
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Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Camilla Svendsen Heidi Amlund Monica Hauger Carlsen Gunnar Sundstøl Eriksen Trine Husøy Inger Therese Laugsand Lillegaard Gro Haarklou Mathisen Anine Christine Medin Robin Ørnsrud Angelika Agdestein Øivind Bergh Johanna Eva Bodin Ellen Merete Bruzell Edel O. Elvevoll Dag Olav Hessen Merete Hofshagen Helle Katrine Knutsen Åshild Krogdahl Asbjørn Magne Nilsen Trond Rafoss Olaug Taran Skjerdal Inger-Lise Karin Steffensen Tor Arne Strand Gaute Velle Gro Ingunn Hemre Vigdis Vandvik Jan AlexanderSammendrag
At request from the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA), VKM has identified food groups and food items consumed by the Norwegian population that are relevant for monitoring regarding content of one or more undesirable chemical substances (Figure 1). Undesirable chemical substances were defined as chemical substances in food that may constitute a potential health risk. VKM has created a knowledge base (an Excel file) as a tool for planning and prioritising monitoring of foods and undesirable chemical substances. The substance groups included in the knowledge base are flavourings, food additives, metals and metalloids, natural toxins, persistent organic pollutants, process-induced contaminants, substances in food contact materials, substances in food supplements, and trace elements. More than 40 different substances were included. Food items that are known contributors to exposure to an undesirable chemical substance were identified from quantitative and qualitative data, mainly from EFSA opinions and VKM risk assessments. Four national dietary surveys were used for identification of food items and food groups habitually eaten by the Norwegian population. The habitual diet was used to identify potential unknown sources of the substances. The information on known and unknown sources was compiled in a knowledge base comprised of 456 “undesirable chemical substance/food item” pairs that were identified to be relevant for monitoring. For each “undesirable chemical substance/food item” pair, the following information are included in the knowledge base: - Food category - Contribution to total exposure, including degree of contribution - Origin of occurrence data, and availability of Norwegian occurrence data - Remarks regarding sampling - Sources of the undesirable chemical substances in food - Risk (a combined score for hazard and exposure) Sampling of food is a complex area. Careful planning of the sampling strategy is needed and several parameters should be taken into consideration, depending on the properties of the chemical substance and the food item. Generic guidelines on sampling strategy, including sample number and frequency, have been provided in the report. Key words: VKM, health risk, monitoring, Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment, Norwegian Food Safety Authority, undesirable chemical substance.