Jørund Johansen
Forsker
Forfattere
Linn Vassvik Anders Nielsen Michael Garratt Bjørn Arild Hatteland Joseph Chipperfield Jørund Johansen Silje Maria Midthjell Høydal Erik Trond AschehougSammendrag
Insect pollinators are important drivers of fruit quality and yield in horticultural systems. The global reduction in wild bee populations has increased the demand for managed honeybees, despite honeybees relatively low pollination efficiency. Here, we assessed how bee communities, bee behaviour, and orchard design in Norwegian apple orchards affects apple pollination success, an important determinant of apple quality. We placed pan and vane traps in 18 apple orchards, in six distinct locations, within the two main apple growing regions in Norway. We also tracked individual bees (honeybees, bumblebees, and solitary bees) throughout the apple flowering season, and recorded their flower handling time, number of flower visits, stigma contact, and movement between apple flowers. Finally, we calculated the seed set rate (ovules developed into seeds / total number of ovules) from 908 harvested apples to estimate pollination success. Our key finding is that pollination success was driven by the abundance of wild bees and overall orchard planting design. We found lower pollination success in block design orchards where a single cultivar is planted continuously over a large area, compared to orchards with an integrated design where compatible cultivars are planted within the orchard. We also found that stigma contact decreased as apple flowering progressed, and that solitary bees visited fewer flowers per foraging event but were potentially more thorough foragers. Our results highlight the importance of promoting wild bees in apple orchards while also ensuring there is compatible pollen in the orchards for optimal pollination.
Forfattere
Jørund JohansenSammendrag
Hordaland følgjer opp prosjektet Vibee si kartlegging av pollinerande insekt i Bergen og innflyttinga i insektshotella som vart satt opp i prosjektet.
Forfattere
Fride Høistad Schei Mie Prik Arnberg John-Arvid Grytnes Maren Stien Johansen Jørund Johansen Anna Birgitte Milford Anders Røynstrand Mari Mette TollefsrudSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Divisjon for skog og utmark
Skogprat
Vi må ha en alvorsprat om skogen, for den er så mye mer enn bare trær.
Divisjon for matproduksjon og samfunn
Betydningen av mangfoldig småskala-hagebruk i en omstilling mot mer bærekraftige matsystemer og sunnere kosthold (SmallHort)
Målet med prosjektet er å utforske hvordan matsystemer basert på småskala hagebruk kan utvikles til å bli mer økonomisk, sosialt og miljømessig bærekraftige og samtidig øke i omfang, noe som vil gi fordeler både for natur og miljø og folkehelse.
Divisjon for matproduksjon og samfunn
The role of diversified small-scale horticulture in a transition towards more sustainable food systems with healthier diets (SmallHort)
The aim of the project is to explore how food systems based on diversified small-scale horticulture can be developed to become more economically, socially and environmentally sustainable while also increasing in scale. This will provide benefits to nature, environment and public health.