Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2014
Forfattere
Liang Wang Janka DibdiakovaSammendrag
Woody biomass from the forest sector is an abundant resource for renewable energy generation. Conventional woody biomass materials such as timber and stem are normally high quality solid fuels for combustion applications in terms of ash related operational problems. Recently, new raw woody materials such as forest residue are gaining interests for energy production purpose. Forest residue is the remaining fraction after harvest and outtake of the wood timber, including tree tops, branches and barks. Compared to conventional woody biomass, the forest residue has a wide variation of ash content and concentration of ash forming matters. The aim of this work was to characterize and investigate different parts from Norway spruce trees regarding ash content, ash composition and ash melting and slagging behaviors. Different parts from spruce tree were studied in present work including stem wood, bark, branch and twigs. The ash content and ash melting temperature of the four fuel samples were measured through following standard procedures. Concentrations of main ash forming elements were analyzed by an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ashes from stem wood, bark and twigs were further investigated by a scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-Ray analysis (SEMEDX) and X-Ray diffractometry (XRD). The results showed that the branches and twigs contain higher contents of ash forming matters than that of the stem wood. Chemical compositions of ashes from four parts of the spruce tree are dominated by Ca, K, and Si. The K and Na contents in the branches and twigs are significantly higher than that of stem wood and bark, indicating high tendency of ash melting and slagging. The melting points of ashes from branch and twigs were 100-200 °C lower than those of the ashes from stem wood and bark, respectively. SEM-EDX and XRD analysis, melting of ashes from branch and twigs are mainly attributed to formation and fusion of low temperature melting alkali silicates. Copyright © 2014,AIDIC Servizi S.r.l.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Celine Rebours Eliane Marinho-Soriano José A. Zertuche-González Leila Hayashi Julio A. Vasques Paul Kradolfer Gonzalo Soriano Raul Ugarte Maria Helena Abreu Ingrid Agathe Bay-Larsen Grete Kaare Hovelsrud Rolf Rødven Daniel RobledoSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Alice Budai Liang Wang Morten Grønli Line Tau Strand Michael Jerry Antal, Jr Samuel Abiven Alba Dieguez-Alonso Andrés Anca-Couce Daniel RasseSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Jolanda Roux Halvor Solheim Gilbert Kamgan Nkuekam Michael J. WingfieldSammendrag
A survey to identify ophiostomatoid fungi that infect wounds on native Norwegian and Swedish broadleaved trees was undertaken during summer 2004. A fungus resembling a species of Sporendocladia was commonly isolated from the exposed cambium and inner bark of wounds. Morphological examination and comparisons of DNA sequence data for the ITS and 5.8S regions of the rRNA gene region led to its identification as Sporendocladia bactrospora. Pathogenicity trials on young Populus tremula and Betula pubescens trees showed that S. bactrospora is capable of causing lesions on these trees. There have been few previous reports of S. bactrospora, and in most cases, these have been as saprophytes on wood. In contrast, results of this study show that it is a common inhabitant of freshly made wounds on native broadleaved trees in Scandinavia, and it appears to contribute to staining of wood.
Forfattere
Ryan Bright Clara Antón-Fernández Rasmus Astrup Francesco Cherubini Maria Malene Kvalevåg Anders Hammer StrømmanSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Simon Fonji Michael Larrivee Gregory TaffSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Sissel Hansen Marie-Eve Bernard Philippe Rochette Joann Whalen Peter DörschSammendrag
In Norway, 65 % of the agricultural land is under grassland for feeding ruminants. The objective of the present study was to quantify N2O emissions from grassland on a fertile sandy loam in Western Norway, and to estimate the response of seasonal N2O emissions to added inorganic N, cattle slurry (CS) N and clover N. Ammoniumnitrate (AN) and CSwere appliedmanually at annual rates of 0, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ANN ha-1, 80 kg CS-Nha-1 or as a combination of 200 kgAN-N ha-1 and 80 kg CS-N ha-1. Background N2Oemissions were five times higher in summer season 2009 than in 2010, but the relative amount of N2O derived from AN was constant in both periods, amounting to 0.11 % of applied N. CS had no measurable impact on N2O emissions in 2009, but 0.15 % of CS-N was emitted as N2O during summer 2010. In the warm year of 2009, which included a drought period, 1–24 % of the N2O emissions were attributed to the effect of clover depending on fertilization. Clover had no effect onN2O fluxes in the cool andmoist year 2010. Our results suggest that N2O emissions in fertile Norwegian grasslands are to a great extent controlled by inter-annual variations in background emissions and variable contribution of biologically fixed N and CS-N.
Forfattere
Randi Berland Frøseth Anne Kjersti Bakken Marina Azzaroli Bleken Hugh Riley Reidun Pommeresche Kristian Thorup-Kristensen Sissel HansenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag