Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2025
Forfattere
Daniel Flø Johan A. Stenberg Kjetil Klaveness Melby Selamawit Tekle Gobena Beatrix Alsanius Jorunn Børve Paal Krokene Christer Magnusson Mogens Nicolaisen Line Nybakken May-Guri Sæthre Iben M. Thomsen Sandra WrightSammendrag
VKM has assessed possible health hazards associated with the use of frozen eggs of Sitotroga cerealella as feed. Background The plant protection products CHRYSObio and CHRYSOcontrol contain Chrysoperla carnea and frozen eggs of Sitotroga cerealella. The eggs are used as feed for the larvae of C. carnea, the beneficial organism in the products. VKM has previously assessed environmental and health risks associated with C. carnea. Since the eggs of S. cerealella are frozen (dead), VKM has now assessed only human health hazard associated with the eggs in the products CHRYSObio and CHRYSOcontrol. Conclusion Insect eggs, frozen or not, can carry pathogens that may be harmful to humans. Freezing can kill some of these pathogens, but some hardy pathogens can survive low temperatures. Some people are allergic to insect proteins, and freezing does not eliminate such proteins. However, VKM found no reports identifying eggs of S. cerealella neither as carriers of pathogens nor as a cause of allergies in humans. The risk assessment is approved by VKM's Panel on Plant Health.
Forfattere
Monica Sanden Eirill Ager-Wick Johanna Eva Bodin Nur Duale Anne-Marthe Ganes Jevnaker Kristian Prydz Volha Shapaval Ville Erling Sipinen Tage ThorstensenSammendrag
The Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment (VKM) has assessed an application for approval of the genetically modified maize DAS1131 for food and feed uses, import and processing in the EU. In accordance with an assignment specified by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA) and the Norwegian Environment Agency (NEA), VKM assesses whether genetically modified organisms (GMOs) intended for the European market can pose risks to human or animal health, or the environment in Norway. VKM assesses the scientific documentation regarding GMO applications seeking approval for use of GMOs as food and feed, processing, or cultivation. The EU Regulation 1829/2003/EC (Regulation) covers living GMOs that fall under the Norwegian Gene Technology Act, as well as processed food and feed from GMOs (dead material) that fall under the Norwegian Food Act. The regulation is currently not part of the EEA agreement or implemented in Norwegian law. Norway conducts its own assessments of GMO applications in preparation for the possible implementation of the Regulation. In accordance with the assignment by NFSA and NEA, VKM assesses GMO applications during scientific hearings initiated by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), as well as after EFSA has published its own risk assessment of a GMO, up until EU member countries vote for or against approval in the EU Commission. The assignment is divided into three stages. (link) Genetically modified maize DAS1131 DAS1131 is a genetically modified maize developed by Agrobacterium tumefaciens -mediated transformation. Maize DAS1131 plants contain the transgenes cry1Da2 and dgt-28 epsps which encode the protein Cry1Da2 and the enzyme DGT-28 EPSPS, respectively. Cry1Da2 provides resistance to certain susceptible Lepidopteran (order of butterflies and moths) pests and the enzyme DGT-28 EPSPS provides tolerance to glyphosate-based herbicides. VKM has assessed the documentation in application GMFF-2021-1530 and EFSA's scientific opinion on genetically modified maize DAS1131. VKM concludes that the applicant's scientific documentation for the genetically modified maize DAS1131 is satisfactory for risk assessment, and in accordance with EFSA guidelines for risk assessment of genetically modified plants for food or feed uses. The genetic modifications in maize DAS1131do not indicate an increased health or environmental risk in Norway compared with EU countries. EFSA's risk assessment is therefore sufficient also for Norwegian conditions. As no specific Norwegian conditions have been identified regarding properties of the genetically modified maize DAS1131, VKM's GMO panel has not performed a complete risk assessment of the maize. About the assignment: In stage 1, VKM shall assess the health and environmental risks of the genetically modified organism and derived products in connection with the EFSA scientific hearing of GMO applications. VKM shall review the scientific documentation that the applicant has submitted and possibly provide comments to EFSA. VKM must also consider: i) whether there are specific Norwegian conditions that could give other risks in Norway than those mentioned in the application, ii) whether the Norwegian diet presents a different health risk for the Norwegian population should the GMO be approved, compared to the European population, and iii) risks associated with co-existence with conventional and/or ecologic production of plants for GMOs seeking approval for cultivation. Relevant measures to ensure co-existence must also be considered. In stage 2, VKM shall assess whether comments from Norway have been satisfactorily answered by EFSA. In addition, VKM shall assess whether comments from other countries imply need for further follow-up. (...)
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
I økologisk landbruk er det et mål at gårder med husdyr skal være mest mulig selvforsynt med fôr. Minimumskravet til egenprodusert fôr har over tid blitt høyere. Rapporten presenterer ni økologiske melkeproduksjonsbruk med produksjonsdata og gårdbrukernes tanker om og prioriteringer med hensyn til selvforsyning med fôr. Vi har beregnet ulike mål på gårdenes selvforsyningsgrad og diskuterer hvordan ulike strategier på gårdene virker inn på disse resultatene. De ni økologiske melkebrukene ble valgt ut for å representere ulike klimatiske forhold og tilnærminger til selvforsyning. Data ble samlet inn i 2018 gjennom intervjuer med gårdbrukerne. Resultatene viser at selvforsyning med fôr var et viktig mål for de økologiske melkeprodusentene, først og fremst styrt av egne verdier og mål for økologisk landbruk. Studien viser at ulike strategier kan brukes for å oppnå høy selvforsyningsgrad, avhengig av gårdens beliggenhet, arealgrunnlag, melkekvote og økonomiske situasjon. Bøndenes strategier for å øke eller beholde høy selvforsyningsgrad inneholdt ulike agronomiske tiltak: øke grovfôrkvaliteten gjennom forbedret gjødselhåndtering, drenering og oftere fornyelse av enga. Noen gårder kombinerte høy ytelse med egen produksjon av korn, proteinvekster og oljevekster, mens andre økte selvforsyningsgraden ved å redusere kraftfôrnivået. Alle gårdene i denne studien hadde en høy selvforsyningsgrad med fôr. I 2017 hadde alle over 70 % fôr fra gården eller regionen, medberegnet kraftfôr, som var kravet til regelverket som trådte i kraft i 2024. Selvforsyningsgraden til gårdene varierte mellom 61 % og 100 % på tørrstoffbasis når kun fôr produsert på gården ble inkludert, og mellom 78 % og 100 % når også norskprodusert fôr ble inkludert.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag