Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2023
Sammendrag
With the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic globally and the energy as well as environmental crises we are facing, achievement of the UN sustainable development goals (SDGs), including SDG2, zero hunger, by 2030, has become very challenging. Sustainable food production and supply is a daunting task requiring the international community to work together to improve agricultural productivity with minimum climate and environmental footprint. Through the support of the Norwegian government’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs to the Sinograin I and Sinograin II projects, Norwegian and Chinese partners have established successful collaboration on food security and sustainable agricultural development. The important results achieved and the experience obtained are shared in this book describing the technologies in-depth and the lessons learnt in detail. Readers are provided with insight into the decade-long fruitful collaboration on agriculture between Norway and China, the similarities and differences in Chinese and Norwegian agriculture, the outcomes of technology implementation in selected regions in China, the benefits of good extension services to farmers in Norway and China, as well as future directions for further collaboration and development of agricultural technologies. This book aims to provide valuable information to all stakeholder groups from policy-makers, to the agro-technology industry, to farmers.
Sammendrag
Global warming benefits enrichment of the assortment of cultivated fruit trees. New fruit species, less winter hardy, demanding higher temperatures during their growth and longer vegetation period, could become new commercial crops in Norwegian orchards. Up to now there is a lack of knowledge and experience with new fruit species in Norway. Main goal of the project was to justify the possibilities of introduction of new fruit crops namely table/wine grapes, peaches, apricots, and nectarines. The project implementation was based on literature analysis, questionnaires of growers and scientists, information gathered during the visits to scientific institutions and farmers in Norway, Sweden, Latvia, and Lithuania. According to growers’ experience and research performed in Norway, neighbouring countries and in regions with similar climate, a number of wine grape and apricot cultivars can be successfully grown in Norway. However, table grapes, peach and especially nectarine are more risky crops. After comprehensive analysis of cultivar characteristics and management, recommendations for the introduction of new cultivars were prepared for commercial growing or additional cultivar evaluation trials.
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Fride Høistad ScheiSammendrag
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Forfattere
Tatsiana EspevigSammendrag
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Forfattere
Tatsiana EspevigSammendrag
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Forfattere
Tatsiana EspevigSammendrag
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Forfattere
Cornelya KlutschSammendrag
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Forfattere
Britt Puidet Romain Mabon Michele Guibert Riinu Kiiker Kaire Loit Vinh Hong Le Håvard Eikemo Pauline Dewaegeneire Guillaume Saubeau Catherine Chatot Frédérique Aurousseau David E. L. Cooke Alison K. Lees Isaac K. Abuley Jens G. Hansen Roselyne Corbière Melen Leclerc Neda Najdabbasi Didier AndrivonSammendrag
Since the mid-2010s, Phytophthora infestans clones that have been dominant in Western Europe from the beginning of the 21st century, for example, EU_13_A2, EU_6_A1 and EU_1_A1, are being replaced by several other emerging clones, including EU_37_A2. The objective of this study was to determine whether the main drivers for the success of EU_37_A2 in Western Europe are associated with decreased fungicide sensitivity, increased virulence and/or aggressiveness. Axenic P. infestans cultures were sampled in the 2016 and 2017 growing seasons from potato crops in France and the United Kingdom. Amongst these, four genotypes were identified: EU_37_A2, EU_13_A2, EU_1_A1 and EU_6_A1. Although a wide range of fluazinam sensitivity was found amongst individual isolates, clonal lines EU_13_A2 and EU_37_A2 showed decreased sensitivity to fluazinam. EU_37_A2 overcame the R5 differential cultivar more often than isolates of EU_1_A1 or EU_6_A1. However, this does not explain the competitive advantage of EU_37_A2 over the virulent EU_13_A2. The fittest genotype, as measured by aggressiveness under controlled conditions, was EU_6_A1, followed by EU_37_A2, EU_13_A2 and then EU_1_A1. EU_37_A2 isolates also showed a shorter latent period than either EU_6_A1 or EU_13_A2, which could favour its long-term persistence. Overall, the data suggest that the emergence of EU_37_A2 in Western Europe was driven by its resistance to a then-major fungicide and shorter generation time. This conclusion is further supported by the fact that EU_37_A2 emergence was slowed by the progressive reduction in the use of fluazinam as a single active ingredient in the years following its initial detection.
Forfattere
Mathias Amundsen Laura Elina Jaakola Kjersti Aaby Gesine Schmidt Inger Martinussen Anne Linn HykkerudSammendrag
Lingonberry is an evergreen dwarf shrub abundant in the area of Nordic countries and a food traditionally regarded as a staple of Nordic diets. There is however limited commercial harvest of these readily available berries. The objective of this doctoral thesis is to investigate how the composition Norwegian lingonberries vary and is affected by abiotic and biotic growth conditions. The thesis consists of four papers of which three studies were conducted in controlled conditions investigating the effects of ripening, light conditions, and temperature during ripening on the composition of the targeted compounds in lingonberries. The fourth paper of the thesis investigates the variation in composition of wild Norwegian lingonberries and how different environmental factors influence this composition. In lingonberries, in total 29 phenolic compounds, sucrose, glucose and fructose as well as 4 organic acids and 77 volatile organic compounds were detected.. In the controlled studies time of harvest significantly influenced the quality of the lingonberries. Spectral light composition with supplemental blue wavelengths increased the content of anthocyanins, and slightly influenced the ratio of sugars to organic acids. There was only a limited effect of light intensity on the content of anthocyanins in lingonberries. Berries grown at lower temperatures had a higher content of anthocyanins and organic acids, whereas the other phenolic compounds were not significantly influenced. Latitude and temperature had the most significant effect on the content of anthocyanins in lingonberries. While light conditions only slightly influence berry quality, factors such as amount of precipitation during ripening, the density of deciduous trees, and altitude also significantly influenced berry quality. Precipitation influenced the content of organic acids in the field study. The result from this study further strengthens the evidence that lingonberries are a rich source for dietary polyphenols, and that berry quality increases with later harvest times. High quality lingonberries can be found across the country with large variation within local areas. The combination of field experiments and controlled experiments showed that weather conditions during ripening, latitude and density of deciduous trees all influence berry quality.