Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2025
Forfattere
Annette Folkedal SchjøllSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Annette Folkedal SchjøllSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Høsten 2021, 2022 og 2023 ble det, i forbindelse med PROHØST-prosjektet, anlagt forsøk i høsthvete, med og uten gjødsling på høsten, med to såtider og med og uten sprøyting mot snømugg. I områder med stor sannsynlighet for varig snødekke, og derfor høy risiko for angrep av snømugg, ga fungicidbehandling rett før innvintring god beskyttelse mot snømugg. I disse feltene ble det observert over 50% redusert forekomst av snømugg i fungicidbehandla ruter. I felt som var angrepet av snømugg observerte vi dessuten avlingsøkning og redusert angrep av Microdochium spp. i korn fra fungicidbehandla ledd. Våre resultater viste at sprøyting med fungicid om høsten kan redusere forekomst av snømugg i høsthvete og videre bidra til økte avlinger og forbedret kornkvalitet. Dette gjaldt spesielt ved tidlig såing av høsthvete i innlandet, mens det ikke ble observert noe særlig skade forårsaket av snømugg-sopper i feltene anlagt i de mer sørlige områdene (Østfold/Vestfold).
Forfattere
Gry Alfredsen Michael Altgen Mari S. Austigard Johan Mattsson Maria Nunez Lone Ross Sverre Aarseth Tunstad Andreas Treu Igor A. Yakovlev Nanna Bjerregaard PedersenSammendrag
A total of 212 iconic wooden cable car pylons were constructed for mining operations in Svalbard, significantly contributing to Longyearbyen's historical identity as a mining town. Fieldwork in Svalbard involved collecting wood samples from 22 of these pylons, targeting wood exposed both aboveground and ground proximity. While the timber used in the constructions was assumed to be untreated Norway spruce (Picea abies), light microscopy revealed that 25% of the timber members were Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). Wooden beams exposed aboveground showed initial decay over the first 80-90 years, whereas severe fungal decay was observed after about 50 years in wooden poles inserted in the ground. Metabarcoding identified Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes to be predominating in the wood samples and unveiled new fungal species for Svalbard, including four brown rot, five white rot, and sixteen soft rot species. Macroscopic and microscopic examinations confirmed more advanced decay in ground proximity samples, dominated by brown and soft rot fungi.
Forfattere
Tage ThorstensenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Tage ThorstensenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Monica Sanden Eirill Ager-Wick Johanna Eva Bodin Nur Duale Kristian Prydz Volha Shapaval Tage Thorstensen Anne-Marthe Ganes Jevnaker Ville Erling SipinenSammendrag
Oilseed rape LBFLFK was developed by Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation. In total the following 13 genes were introduced, which would be expected to result in the expression of 11 new proteins: c-D12D(Ps) encoding a delta-12 desaturase (Ps); c-D6D(Ot) encoding a delta-6 desaturase (Ot); c-D6E(Tp) encoding a delta-6 elongase (Tp); c-D6E(Pp) encoding a delta-6 elongase (Pp); c-D5D(Tc), delta-5 desaturase (Tc); c-O3D(Pi) encoding a omega-3 desaturase (Pi); c-O3D(Pir) encoding a omega-3 desaturase (Pir); c-D5E(Ot) encoding a delta-5 elongase (Ot); c-D4D(Tc) encoding a delta-4 desaturase (Tc); c-D4D(Pl) encoding a delta-4 desaturase (Pl); and c-AHAS(At) encoding an acetohydroxy acid synthase (also named acetolactate synthase, (ALS)). These proteins impact the content of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) in the seeds and also confers tolerance to imidazolinone herbicides. Two gene expression cassettes were introduced twice (O3D(Pir) and D5D(Tc) but have different seed-specific promotors to increase expression during seed maturation. Expression of the ten EPA and DHA biosynthesis genes results in the conversion of oleic acid (OA) to EPA and DHA in LBFLFK canola seeds. The VKM GMO panel has assessed the documentation in the application EFSA‐GMO‐DE‐2019‐ 157. The VKM GMO panel has no additional observations regarding the limitations of the scientific documentation when considering the full scope of the application, as pointed out by EFSA: “The GMO Panel is unable to conclude on the adequacy of the PMEM plan proposed by the applicant. The GMO Panel cannot conclude on the safety of oilseed rape LBFLFK when considering the full scope of the application. On the other hand, the GMO Panel concludes that the consumption of RBD LBFLFK oil is safe and does not represent any nutritional concern for humans under the conditions of use proposed by the applicant and considered during the pre-market risk assessment.” As no hazards specific to Norway have been identified, the VKM GMO panel supports EFSAs conclusions with the implied reservations regarding oilseed rape LBFLFK. Therefore, a full risk assessment of oilseed rape LBFLFK was not performed by the VKM GMO Pan
Sammendrag
Artikkelen tar for seg det økende problemet med rotråte i norsk granskog og spør om det er mulig å avle fram gran med bedre motstandskraft. Gjennom forskningsprosjektet Frisk Skog kombineres genetiske analyser, feltforsøk og data fra hogstmaskiner for å forstå variasjonen i råteresistens og utvikle mer presise verktøy for skogplanteforedling. Samtidig løftes praktiske råd for skogeiere, som bruk av Rotstop, skånsom drift og mer målrettet planting, som viktige tiltak for å redusere tap her og nå.
Forfattere
Carey Donald Gunnhild Jaastad Marianne Flågeng Sylvain Alain Yves Merel Josef Rasinger Marc Berntssen Ikram BelghitSammendrag
Insect farming is gaining increasing attention because of the ability of insects to upscale a variety of waste and by-product biomass efficiently into proteins and lipids. In the European Union and in Norway, the use of insects is permitted in formulated pig, poultry, and fish feeds and more recently for human consumption. However, the European Food Safety Authority has highlighted the lack of data regarding the safety of processing pesticide-contaminated biomass by insects into feed or food products. Secondly, the presence of insecticide residues in plant biomass might negatively affect the growth or survival of the insects themselves. This study aimed to evaluate the fate of the insecticide pirimiphos-methyl (PM) in black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens, BSF) and yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor, YMW) larvae composting. PM is a dominant pesticide found in relevant insect biomasses. Newly hatched larvae were fed on a standard poultry feed substrate spiked with pirimiphos-methyl at different concentrations: 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg (wet base), under optimal breeding conditions. Poultry feed substrate spiked with methanol served as control group. When the feeding media were spiked with 20 and 40 mg/kg of PM, the survival of both BSF and YMW larvae decreased. Mean larvae mass for both species was reduced with increasing concentrations of PM. PM and 7 compounds were identified in a metabolites/transformation product screen that was aided by in silico predictions. One compound, dihydroxy-PM was uniquely detected in larvae. Neither insect species appears to accumulate PM metabolites, and 90% of PM was metabolised. Results indicate that these insects can be reared on PM-contaminated biomass without risk of PM accumulation.