Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2023
Abstract
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Abstract
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Authors
Iva Franić Eric Allan Simone Prospero Kalev Adamson Fabio Attorre Marie-Anne Auger-Rozenberg Sylvie Augustin Dimitrios Avtzis Wim Baert Marek Barta Kenneth Bauters Amani Bellahirech Piotr Boroń Helena Bragança Tereza Brestovanská May Bente Brurberg Treena Burgess Daiva Burokienė Michelle Cleary Juan Corley David R. Coyle György Csóka Karel Černý Kateryna Davydenko Maarten de Groot Julio Javier Diez H. Tuğba Doğmuş Lehtijärvi Rein Drenkhan Jacqueline Edwards Mohammed Elsafy Csaba Béla Eötvös Roman Falko Jianting Fan Nina Feddern Ágnes Fürjes-Mikó Martin M. Gossner Bartłomiej Grad Martin Hartmann Ludmila Havrdova Miriam Kádasi Horáková Marketa Hrabětová Mathias Just Justesen Magdalena Kacprzyk Marc Kenis Natalia Kirichenko Marta Kovač Volodymyr Kramarets Nikola Lacković Maria Victoria Lantschner Jelena Lazarević Marianna Leskiv Hongmei Li Corrie Lynne Madsen Chris Malumphy Dinka Matošević Iryna Matsiakh Tom W. May Johan Meffert Duccio Migliorini Christo Nikolov Richard O’Hanlon Funda Oskay Trudy Paap Taras Parpan Barbara Piškur Hans Peter Ravn John Richard Anne Ronse Alain Roques Beat Ruffner Alberto Santini Karolis Sivickis Carolina Soliani Venche Talgø Maria Tomoshevich Anne Uimari Michael Ulyshen Anna Maria Vettraino Caterina Villari Yongjun Wang Johanna Witzell Milica Zlatković René EschenAbstract
Non-native pests, climate change, and their interactions are likely to alter relationships between trees and tree-associated organisms with consequences for forest health. To understand and predict such changes, factors structuring tree-associated communities need to be determined. Here, we analysed the data consisting of records of insects and fungi collected from dormant twigs from 155 tree species at 51 botanical gardens or arboreta in 32 countries. Generalized dissimilarity models revealed similar relative importance of studied climatic, host-related and geographic factors on differences in tree-associated communities. Mean annual temperature, phylogenetic distance between hosts and geographic distance between locations were the major drivers of dissimilarities. The increasing importance of high temperatures on differences in studied communities indicate that climate change could affect tree-associated organisms directly and indirectly through host range shifts. Insect and fungal communities were more similar between closely related vs. distant hosts suggesting that host range shifts may facilitate the emergence of new pests. Moreover, dissimilarities among tree-associated communities increased with geographic distance indicating that human-mediated transport may serve as a pathway of the introductions of new pests. The results of this study highlight the need to limit the establishment of tree pests and increase the resilience of forest ecosystems to changes in climate.
Abstract
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Abstract
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Abstract
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Abstract
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Abstract
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Authors
Kanan K. Saikai Celestine Oduori Evans Situma Simon Njoroge Ruth Murunde John W. Kimenju Douglas W. Miano Solveig Haukeland Danny CoyneAbstract
Coffee is an important commodity for Kenya, where production is steadily declining, despite a global rise in demand. Of the various constraints affecting production, plant-parasitic nematodes are a significant, but often overlooked, threat. As a perennial crop, treating plantations once infected with nematodes becomes difficult. The current study evaluated the drenching application of two biocontrol agents, Trichoderma asperellum and Purpureocillium lilacinum, for their nematode control efficacy, as well as their impact on the soil nematode community structure on mature, established coffee trees in Kenya. Seven Arabica coffee field trials were conducted over two years on trees of various ages. All the fields were heavily infested with Meloidogyne hapla, the first report of the species on coffee in Kenya. Both fungal biocontrol agents were detected endophytically infecting roots and recovered from soil but not until six months after initial applications. The population densities of M. hapla had significantly declined in roots of treated trees 12 months after the initial application, although soil nematode density data were similar across treatments. Based upon the maturity index and the Shannon index, treatment with T. asperellum led to improved soil health conditions and enrichment of diversity in the microbial community. Application of P. lilacinum, in particular, led to an increased abundance of fungivorous nematodes, especially Aphelenchus spp., for which P. lilacinum would appear to be a preferred food source. The soils in the trials were all stressed and denuded, however, which likely delayed the impact of such treatments or detection of any differences between treatments using indices, such as the functional metabolic footprint, over the period of study. A longer period of study would therefore likely provide a better indication of treatment benefits. The current study positively demonstrates, however, the potential for using biologically based options for the environmentally and climate-smart management of nematode threats in a sustainable manner on established, mature coffee plantations.
Abstract
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