Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2022
Sammendrag
The diversity and abundance of pollinating insects is declining on a global scale and urgent action is needed. This is a brief film about the importance of pollinators, what is being done in Norway to counteract pollinator decline, and how you can help. Together, we can make a difference.
Forfattere
Lone Ross Lizhen Huang Erik Trømborg Roja Modaresi Hanne Kathrine Sjølie Callum Aidan Stephen HillSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Kyrre Kausrud Vigdis Vandvik Daniel Flø Sonya Rita Geange Stein Joar Hegland Jo Skeie Hermansen Lars Robert Hole Rolf Anker Ims Håvard Kauserud Lawrence R. Kirkendall Jenni Nordén Line Nybakken Mikael Ohlson Olav Skarpaas Per Hans Micael Wendell Hugo de Boer Katrine Eldegard Kjetil Hindar Johanna Järnegren Paal Krokene Inger Elisabeth Måren Anders Nielsen Erlend Birkeland Nilsen Eli Knispel Rueness Eva Bonsak Thorstad Gaute VelleSammendrag
Source at <a href=https://vkm.no/>https://vkm.no/</a>.
Sammendrag
Weeds may reduce crop yields significantly if managed improperly. However, excessive herbicide use increases risk of unwanted effects on ecosystems, humans and herbicide resistance development. Weed harrowing is a traditional method to manage weeds mechanically in organic cereals but could also be used in conventional production. The weed control efficacy of weed harrowing can be adjusted by e.g. the angle of the tines. Due to its broadcast nature (both crop and weed plants are disturbed), weed harrowing may have relatively poor selectivity (i.e. small ratio between weed control and crop injury). To improve selectivity, a sensor-based model which takes into account the intra-field variation in weediness and “soil density” in the upper soil layer (draft force of tines), is proposed. The suggested model is a non-linear regression model with three parameters and was based on five field trials in spring barley in SE Norway. The model predicts the optimal weed harrowing intensity (in terms of the tine angle) from the estimated total weed cover and SD per sub-field management unit, as well as a pre-set biological weed threshold (defined as the acceptable total weed cover left untreated). Weed cover and SD were estimated with RGB images (analysed with custom-made machine vision) and an electronic load cell, respectively. With current parameter values, the model should be valid for precision weed harrowing in spring barley in SE Norway. The next step is to test the model, and if successful, adjust it to more cereal species. Weeds may reduce crop yields significantly if managed improperly. However, excessive herbicide use increases risk of unwanted effects on ecosystems, humans and herbicide resistance development. Weed harrowing is a traditional method to manage weeds mechanically in organic cereals but could also be used in conventional production. The weed control efficacy of weed harrowing can be adjusted by e.g. the angle of the tines. Due to its broadcast nature (both crop and weed plants are disturbed), weed harrowing may have relatively poor selectivity (i.e. small ratio between weed control and crop injury). To improve selectivity, a sensor-based model which takes into account the intra-field variation in weediness and “soil density” in the upper soil layer (draft force of tines), is proposed. The suggested model is a non-linear regression model with three parameters and was based on five field trials in spring barley in SE Norway. The model predicts the optimal weed harrowing intensity (in terms of the tine angle) from the estimated total weed cover and SD per sub-field management unit, as well as a pre-set biological weed threshold (defined as the acceptable total weed cover left untreated). Weed cover and SD were estimated with RGB images (analysed with custom-made machine vision) and an electronic load cell, respectively. With current parameter values, the model should be valid for precision weed harrowing in spring barley in SE Norway. The next step is to test the model, and if successful, adjust it to more cereal species.
Forfattere
Pierrick Francois Denis Stevant Arne Duinker Dagbjørn Skipnes Wenche Merete Emblem Larssen Rita Nilsen McStay Céline Rebours Susan Løvstad Holdt Kim Kristensen Annelise Chapman Rósa Jónsdóttir Nikolai BuerSammendrag
Industrial kelp aquaculture is under development in Nordic countries including Norway. Kelps are a rich source of nutrients, taste and other bioactive substances with a large potential in food applications. There are some critical challenges for the food industry to a broader use of this new resource such as the reduction of iodine and potential allergens present. SusKelpFood is a new collaborative research project which primary objective is to enable innovative solutions for the sustainable production of safe, nutritious and flavourful ingredients from cultivated kelps for the food industry. SusKelpFood draws on key expertise from Nordic (Norway, Denmark and Iceland) research institutions, a leading actor of the food industry in Scandinavia and kelp producers to achieve this goal. The participants will test and develop targeted and energy-efficient processes including fermentation under different conditions, innovative drying and dewatering techniques (e.g. pulse-electric field, microwave-assisted drying) to conserve and prepare cultivated kelps for large-scale food applications in a sustainable way. Laboratory techniques will be applied to document the food safety (presence of contaminants, iodine, food allergens), nutritional and sensory profiles, and flavor-active substances of kelp ingredients produced from different processes. Consumer surveys, interviews and testing of product prototypes containing kelp ingredients will provide valuable information on consumer behavior for this type of products. The knowledge generated during SusKelpFood will promote future-oriented solutions for a broader inclusion of sustainably produced kelp in manufactured food products. The SusKelpFood project is financed by the Research Council of Norway and runs for 3 years from 2022 to 2024.
Forfattere
Bente Føreid Anne Falk Øgaard Linn Solli Gjermund Bahr Johan Johansen Trine Eggen Øistein VetheSammendrag
Answers to survey asking for suggestions for new products in EU's new regulation for fertilisers. Fish sludge is suggested as material in compost and digestate, and a summary with references is provided.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Anna Birgitte MilfordSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Populærvitenskapelig bok – Utsyn over norsk landbruk. Tilstand og utviklingstrekk 2022
Heidi Knutsen
Redaktører
Heidi KnutsenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Inge Dox Bertold Mariën Paolo Zuccarini Lorene J. Marchand Peter Prislan Jožica Gričar Omar Flores Friederike Gehrmann Patrick Fonti Holger Lange Josep Peñuelas Matteo CampioliSammendrag
Wood growth phenology of temperate deciduous trees is less studied than leaf phenology, hindering the understanding of their interaction. In order to describe the variability of wood growth and leaf phenology across locations, species and years, we performed phenological observations of both xylem formation and leaf development in three typical temperate forest areas in Western Europe (Northern Spain, Belgium and Southern Norway) for four common deciduous tree species (Fagus sylvatica L., Betula pendula Roth., Populus tremula L. and Quercus robur L.) in 2018, 2019 and 2020, with only beech and birch being studied in the final year. The earliest cambial reactivation in spring occurred at the Belgian stands while the end of cambial activity and wood growth cessation generally occurred first in Norway. Results did not show much consistency across species, sites or years and lacked general patterns, except for the end of cambial activity, which occurred generally first in birch. For all species, the site variation in phenophases (up to three months) was substantially larger than the inter-annual variability (up to six weeks). The timeline of bud-burst and cambium reactivation, as well as of foliar senescence and cessation of wood growth, were variable across species even with the same type of wood porosity. Our results suggest that wood growth and leaf phenology are less well connected than previously thought. Linear models showed that temperature is the dominant driver of wood growth phenology, but with climate zone also having an effect, especially at the start of the growing season. Drought conditions, on the other hand, have a larger effect on the timing of wood growth cessation. Our comprehensive analysis represents the first large regional assessment of wood growth phenology in common European deciduous tree species, providing not only new fundamental insights but also a unique dataset for future modelling applications.