Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2006
Sammendrag
Boken Soil Erosion in Europe gir en omfattende oversikt over erosjonsprosesser, omfang og fordeling av erosjon i Europa. Den er delt inn i to deler: " Nasjonale oversikter over erosjon og relaterte problemer " Erosjonsprosesser, erosjonsrisiko og konsekvenser av erosjon og tiltak Soil Erosion in Europe er skrevet som en avslutning og oppsummering på et femårig samarbeid i regi av EU sin COST-aksjon 623: Soil erosion and global change der 20 land og 114 forfattere har bidratt. Boka er svært verdifull for alle som er opptatt av jord- og miljøspørsmål, spesielt forskere og studenter som ønsker å få en oversikt over dette fagområdet.
Forfattere
jihong liu clarke Sonja Klemsdal Erling Fløistad A.K. Hvoslef-Eide Sissel Haugslien Roe Moe Dag-Ragnar BlystadSammendrag
Poinsettia, Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd & Klotsch, is an ornamental flower which grows in many countries. Two viruses i.e. poinsettia mosaic virus (PnMV) and poinsettia cryptic virus (PnCV) can cause diseases on modern poinsettia cultivars. To produce virus-resistant poinsettia plants, genetic transformation has been considerated. Since there is no established method available for the transformation of poinsettia, we have chosen an electrophoresis-based transformation method to generate poinsettia transformants. The main advantage of this method is that we can avoid the time-consuming tissue culture and regeneration procedure. To develop a reliable transformation method, the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene has been used as a reporter gene. Here, we report our preliminary results.
Sammendrag
The stiffest rods will create the longest casts! This is a common assumption made by many fly casters, but is it really accurate? What follows are the results of a test that examined this hypothesis by combining length measurements of rod stiffness using the Common Cents System (CCS). The test utilized eigth casters, all of them whom cast eight rods. Each caster made four casts with each rod. The article originally appeared in the Norwegian magazine "Alt om Fiske" in October 2006
Sammendrag
P.ramorum ble påvist I Norge for første gang i en planteskole i 2002. Etter første funn har patogenet vært påvist i mange planteskoler og hagesenter over store deler av landet. Det er funnet hovedsakelig på rhododendron, men også på Pieris japonica og Kalmia sp. Det er liten produksjon av rhododendron i Norge. I de fleste tilfeller, er påvisninger gjort i planter importert samme år. I 2005 ble P.ramorum funnet på etablerte busker av Viburnum fragrans og Rhododendron sp. i en privat hage og i flere grøntanlegg på Vestlandet
Forfattere
Ellen Svalheim Ellen Johanne SvalheimSammendrag
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Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Early cut organic grass silage was compared with silage harvested 17 days (180 daydegrees) later in a continuous production experiment with 32 Norwegian Red dairy cows in early lactation. A half of the cows received a feed ration with 40% concentrates (H), and the other half 10% (L) on an annual energy basis. Early cut resulted in lower crop yields (2.17 t DM/ha) compared with normal cut (4.66 t DM/ha). Energy and protein concentrations were higher for early cut than for normal cut silage (6.4 vs. 5.6 MJ NEl, as assessed by NIRS, 136 vs. 105 g/kg DM CP). Feeding early cut silage of an organic ley increased feed intake. Cows at H produced 27.5 kg ECM per day with early cut silage and 25.3 kg ECM with normal cut silage, and cows at L produced respectively 24.7 and 22.4 kg ECM. Cows offered early cut silage had highest milk protein concentration (H: 34.6 vs. 32.8; L: 34.4 vs. 31.4 g/kg). In the present experiment the harvesting time did not influence the sensoric quality of milk, but low concentrate level reduced the milk taste slightly. Therefore early cut may only be recommended to farmers in northern Norway when acerage is not a limiting factor.
Sammendrag
Three continuous production experiments and three short term cross over experiments were carried out in Northern Norway to investigate different feeding strategies for dairy cows in organic farming. This paper focuses on the effects on sensoric milk quality. Half of the 32 Norwegian red dairy cows in the production experiments were fed 40% (HC) concentrates (on energy basis per year) and the other half 10% (LC). Twelve cows (HC) participated in the short term cross over experiments. The experimental factors in the continuous production experiments were barley preservation method (P1), grass silage maturity (P2) and type of protein supplement (P3), and in the short term cross over experiments barley preservation method (C1), type of protein supplement (C2) and time for fishmeal feeding (C3). In all experiments the cows were offered grass silage ad libitum, restricted amounts of cereals and protein feeds, and mineral and vitamin supplements. The sensoric quality of milk was in general high. In the production experiments, milk from cows in HC had slightly higher quality than from cows in LC (significant in P2, p = 0.04). Neither the preservation method of barley (dried or ensiled with molasses), maturity of grass silage or type of protein supplement (fishmeal or peameal) influenced the sensoric milk quality significantly. Also in the cross over experiments no effect of the studied factors was found in milk flavour and odour. Early harvested grass silage gave significantly lower FFA contents than grass silage cut at normal time (P2) and FM gave significantly lower FFA concentrations than peameal (P3). These results indicate that organic farmers with different feeding regimes can produce milk of first class sensoric quality. Also the content of FFA has been low in all experiments (except C1). However, feeding regimes containing low levels of concentrates may reduce milk taste slightly.
Sammendrag
Feed fatty acid (FA) composition influences the FA composition of cow milk. In a continuous production experiment with 32 Norwegian red dairy cows fishmeal (FM) was compared to peameal (PM) as protein supplement to home-grown cereals and grass silage in organic farming. The protein supplements were together with cereals formulated to be isonitrogeneous and isoenergetic (NEL) and were compared at high (HC) and low concentrate (LC) level. The concentrate rations did not affect the intake of silage. Fishmeal resulted in significantly higher milk yield (kg) with a lower fat concentration (HC) compared to PM. Lower concentrations of urea and FFA were found in milk produced with FM compared to PM. Milk flavour and odour was equal or better when FM rather than PM was fed. Fishmeal diets increased significantly the proportions of several long-chain FAs: oleic acid (C18:1c9), vaccenic acid (C18:1c11), CLA (C18:2c9,t11, not significant at HC), C20:0, C18:1t10, and DHA (C22:6 n-3) in milk fat compared to PM. DHA, which is found in high concentrations in FM (14 g/100g FAME), had the most significant increase. The proportion of C18:3 n-3 (ALA) was significantly lower when FM was fed compared to PM. The percentage of saturated FA was significantly lower and the percentage of monounsaturated FA was higher when FM rather than PM was fed. For cows on HC the n-6/n-3 ratio was lower in the FM group than in the PM group, and the ratio was lower at LC than at HC (p = 0.006, interaction p = 0.02). Fishmeal diets included higher proportions of oats than PM diets. Oats have high content of oleic acid and may therefore have influenced the composition of FAs in milk fat as well as the protein supplements. Fishmeal increased the proportion of beneficial FAs without reducing the sensoric quality of milk. It remains unclear whether this is an effect of protein source or an effect of the higher oat proportions in FM diets.
Sammendrag
Rapporten er utarbeidet til bruk i "Kurs om kulturlandskapets økologi og biologiske mangfold" som tilbys av Bioforsk Midt-Norge, Kvithamar.