Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2010
Sammendrag
Knyttet til bygging av ny Rv465 Hanesund - Sande har det blitt utført en etterundersøkelse av ørret-bestanden i Kjerringdalsbekken. Kjerringdalsbekken ble tilført økt mengde partikler gjennom utbyg-gingsperioden, og vannkjemien ble påvirket av utslipp av renset anleggsvann fra tunneldriving. Må-let var å klarlegge produksjon og oppvekstforhold for sjøørret og evt. laks i Kjerringdalsbekken etter avsluttet utbygging. To strekninger (Kjerringdalsbekken og referansebekken Fidjebekken) ble el-fisket. Det ble fisket tre ganger per strekning. Det ble funnet høy tetthet av årsyngel (0+), noe som indikerer god rekruttering for sesongen 2009/10. Beregnet tetthet av ørret var på samme nivå som for tidligere undersøkelse (forundersøkelsen).
Forfattere
Christian Guido BrucknerSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Christian Guido BrucknerSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
2009
Forfattere
Trygve S. Aamlid Peter J. Landschoot David R. HuffSammendrag
Lack of winter hardiness is a limitation to the use of annual meadowgrass (Poa annua f. reptans) on golf course putting greens in northern climates. Our objectives were 1) to assess the tolerance of 13 selections of annual meadowgrass to simulated ice encasement (SIE) and pink snow mould (PSM, Microdochium nivale); 2) to determine if these tolerances were interrelated or related to plant concentrations of water soluble carbohydrates (WSC); and 3) to determine if tolerance to SIE can be associated with accumulation of toxic substances. Samples of the annual meadowgrass selections were taken from an experimental green at University Park, Pennsylvania, on four dates from 23 Nov. 2005 until 27 Mar. 2006. Samples of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) ‘Penn A-4" were included for comparison in studies on SIE and WSC. Samples were vacuum-sealed in plastic bags at 1ºC for SIE and inoculated with three isolates of M. nivale for PSM tolerance. Small, but significant differences were found among annual meadowgrass selections after 23 days of SIE, but all selections were dead after 33 days. Significant differences were detected in foliar blighting after inoculation with M.nivale, regrowth relative to uninoculated control being three times higher in the most tolerant than in the most susceptible selections. In late November, two annual meadowgrass selections contained significantly more WSC than creeping bentgrass, but this was not correlated with tolerance to SIE or PSM, which were also not interrelated. A separate experiment with increasing duration of SIE to one of the annual meadowgrass selections and ‘Penn A-4" showed that the critical exposure periods were 25-30 and 42-47 days, respectively. The concentrations of the phytotoxic compounds butanol and ethylbutyrate were two to three times higher in annual meadowgrass than in creeping bentgrass.
Forfattere
Lars Tørres HavstadSammendrag
Artikkelen tar for seg frøsesongen 2009. Av hovedartene ser timotei ut til å ha klart seg best, mens rødkløveravlingene ser ut til å ende opp et godt stykke under femårsmiddelet. For engsvingel ligger det an til normalavlinger på Østlandet, mens vanskelige innhøstingsforhold førte til tap av mye frø for avlerne på Sørlandet.
Sammendrag
A range of studies the last decade has shown that modified wood can provide excellent protection against a range of wood deteriorating organisms, including decay fungi. However, we still lack information about why the modified wood is protected from microbial attack. An understanding of the mechanisms utilized by decay fungi when exposed to modified wood is important for further optimisation of new modified wood products. Several hypotheses have been put forward, but they still need testing. The aim of this study was to summarize our earlier studies using molecular methods as a tool for better understanding of the mode of action of decay fungi in furfurylated wood. The studies include laboratory and field evaluations of decay colonisation patterns and gene expression....
Forfattere
Thorkild Nielsen Benjamin Nölting Niels Heine Kristensen Anne-Kristin LøesSammendrag
Based on national reports from Denmark, Finland, Italy and Norway, describing the school meal systems and to which extent organic food is integrated there, this report identifies differences between the four countries and experiences made with organic food procurement and the dissemination of organic ingredients in school meals. Such knowledge will help to understand the possibilities and restrictions for increasing organic food in school meal systems, and to reveal the room of manoeuvre for public organic food procurement for youth in each country. In the report, similarities and differences of the national school meal systems in general are first discussed, because this context determines the scope of organic food procurement. The history and current situation of the school meal systems, framework conditions of public food procurement in schools (laws, guidelines, control, financing), the structure of the school meal provision and public discourses about school meals are described. Next, focus is set on the use and development of organic food in school meal systems. Some school meal system cases are presented by the amount of organic food used, the arguments for organic school food and challenges and barriers for the dissemination of organic food. Finally, school meal system actors in general as well as “organic” actors such as promoters, decision makers, companies and organisations are compared across the four countries. Summarizing chapters are found at the end of each section of the report. In short, warm meals are served for free to all pupils daily in Finland, and subsidized according to family income to all pupils at least twice a week in Italy. Norway and Denmark stick to a packed lunch brought from home, with additional milk and fruit subscription schemes and a developing additional or complementary meal service especially in Denmark with subsidized prices. Organic food is much emphasised in Italy and Denmark; significantly less in Finland and Norway.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
The molecular composition of plant residues is suspected to largely govern the fate of their constitutive carbon (C) in soils. Labile compounds, such as metabolic carbohydrates, are affected differently from recalcitrant and structural compounds by soil-C stabilisation mechanisms. Producing 13C-enriched plant residues with specifically labeled fractions would help us to investigate the fate in soils of the constitutive C of these compounds. The objective of the present research was to test 13C pulse chase labeling as a method for specifically enriching the metabolic carbohydrate components of plant residues, i.e. soluble sugars and starch. Bean plants were exposed to a 13CO2-enriched atmosphere for 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 21 h. The major soluble sugars were then determined on watersoluble extracts, and starch on HCl-hydrolysable extracts. The results show a quick differential labeling between water-soluble and water-insoluble compounds. For both groups, 13C-labeling increased linearly with time. The difference in δ13C signature between water-soluble and insoluble fractions was 7% after 0.5 h and 70% after 21 h. However, this clear isotopic contrast masked a substantial labeling variability within each fraction. By contrast, metabolic carbohydrates on the one hand (i.e. soluble sugarsRstarch) and other fractions (essentially cell wall components) on the other hand displayed quite homogeneous signatures within fractions, and a significant difference in labeling between fractions: δ13C=414±3.7% and 56±5.5%, respectively. Thus, the technique generates labeled plant residues displaying contrasting 13C-isotopic signatures between metabolic carbohydrates and other compounds, with homogenous signatures within each group. Metabolic carbohydrates being labile compounds, our findings suggest that the technique is particularly appropriate for investigating the effect of compound lability on the long-term storage of their constitutive C in soils.